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Variations in Carbohydrate Content and Sucrose-Metabolizing Enzymes in Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>L.) Stamen Parts during Pollen Maturation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 252-260页

作者： Etan Pressman Rachel Shaked shmuel shen Leviah Altahan Nurit Firon Institute of Plant Sciences The Volcani Center ARO Bet Dagan Israel.

The formation of mature and fertile pollen grains, taking place inside the anther, depends on supply of assimilates, in the form of sucrose, provided mainly by the leaves. Data is limited, however, with respect to the understanding of sucrose metabolism in microspores and the supporting tissues. The aims of the present work were to 1) follow the changes in total and relative concentrations of sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch in the stamen parts and microspores up until anthesis, 2) follow the activities of sucrose-metabolism-related enzymes, in the anther walls fraction and microspores of the crop plant tomato. Sucrose was found to be partially cleaved in the filament, decreasing by more than twofold in the anther wall layers and the locular fluid, and to accumulate in the mature pollen grains, constituting 80% of total soluble sugars. Thus, sucrose was both the starting sugar, supporting microspore development, and the main carbohydrate accumulated at the end of the pollen-development program. The major invertase found to be active in both the anther wall layers and in maturing microspores was cell-wall-bound invertase. High fructokinase 2 and sucrose phosphate synthase activities during pollen maturation coincided with sucrose accumulation. The potential importance of sucrose accumulation during pollen dehydration phase and germination is discussed.

关键词： Cell-Wall-Bound Invertase Fructokinase Microspores Pollen Sucrose Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Tomato

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Low temperature upregulates cwp expression and modifies alternative splicing patterns,increasing the severity of cwp-induced tomato fruit cuticular microfissures

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 183-194页

作者： Noam Chechanovsky Ran Hovav Rina Frenkel Adi Faigenboim Yelena Eselson Marina Petreikov Michal Moy shmuel shen Arthur A.Schaffer Department of Vegetable and Field Crops Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael

The cwp(cuticular water permeability)gene controls the development of cuticular microfissuring and subsequent fruit dehydration in *** gene underwent silencing in the evolution of the fleshy cultivated tomato but is expressed in the primitive wild tomato *** introgression of the expressed allele from the wild ***(cwph)into the cultivated tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)leads to the phenotype of fruit water loss during and following *** this report,we show that low temperature impacts on the severity of the cuticular microfissure phenotype via a combination of effects on both expression and alternative splicing of *** cwp gene,comprising four exons and three introns,undergoes post-transcriptional alternative splicing processes,leading to seven alternative transcripts that differ in reading-frame *** plants expressing each of the alternative transcripts identified the longest reading frame(VAR1)as the functional splice *** temperature led to a strong upregulation of cwph expression,compounded by an increase in the relative proportion of the functional VAR1 transcript,leading to increased severity of microfissuring of the *** summary,we demonstrate the molecular mechanism behind the horticultural phenomenon of the low-temperature effect on cuticular microfissures in the dehydrating tomato.

关键词： severity expressing subsequent

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