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Nano structured spinel Co3O4-catalyzed four component reaction:A novel synthesis of Ugi adducts from aryl alcohols as a key reagent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第7期28卷 1619-1624页

作者： Priya Chacko Kalegowda shivashankar P.G.Department of Chemistry Central College CampusBangalore UniversityBangalore560 001KarnatakaIndia

A simple one pot procedure for the synthesis of α-amino acyl amide with chromone,indole,and napthalene substitution pattern is *** protocol involves the nano structured spinel Co3O4catalysed coupling of aryl alcohols,anilines,carboxylic acids and tert-butyl *** salient features of this protocol were simple procedure,mild reaction condition and high yield.

关键词： Chromone Indole Naphthalene Co3O4 Ugi reaction Multicomponent

Preventive Regulation of Jelly Seed Disorder in ‘Amrapali' Mango (Mangifera indica) by Preharvest Spray

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2019年第2期5卷 70-78页

作者： shivashankar Seshadri Sumathi Manoharan Hari Shankar Singh Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural ResearchHesaraghatta Lake PO ICAR-National Centre for Integrated Pest Management Pusa Campus

Jelly seed, a physiological disorder in ‘Amrapali' mango fruit, is characterized by the excessive softening of pulp around the stone in ripe fruits. The disorder is caused by the onset of germination associated events in the seed of developing fruit due to decreased level of very-longchain fatty acids(VLCFAs) in seed. Field trials involving preharvest application of spray formulations on developing fruits, between 50% and 60%maturity, showed that formulation V(10 g·L^(-1) NaCl, 25 g·L^(-1) CaCl_2, 0.5 g·L^(-1) KCl, 0.01 g·L^(-1) H_3 BO_3, 0.01 g·L^(-1) Cu SO_4, 0.01 g·L^(-1) Zn SO_4,0.01 g·L^(-1) FeSO_4, 0.01 g·L^(-1) MnSO_4, and 0.002 g·L^(-1) EDTA) was the most effective in preventing the jelly seed disorder. Further studies to understand the mode of action of the formulation in controlling jelly seed development, revealed increased synthesis of VLCFAs in seed followed by the rapid production of ABA and germination-inhibiting phenolic acids, besides increased accumulation of calcium in seed. These factors acting in unison delayed seed germination and decreased the activities of pectinolytic enzymes in pulp to produce healthy fruits, free from jelly seed *** was an increase of mineral nutrient content in pulp of treated healthy fruits. Thus, the study helped to develop a remedy to prevent jelly seed besides revealing the biochemical mechanism by which formulation V acted to produce ‘Amrapali' mango fruits free of jelly seed with improved nutritional quality.

关键词： Amrapali mango jelly seed physiological disorder prevention preharvest treatment

Validation of Foreground Emission Model using GALEX Medium Observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第6期23卷 228-237页

作者： Nimmi Narayanan shivashankar S.Menon N.V.Sujatha Department of Physics St.Xavier's College for WomenAluva 683101India Department of Physics Sree Sankara CollegeKaladyErnakulam 683574India CSIS BITS Pilani K.K.Birla Goa CampusZuarinagarGoa 403726India

The study of diffuse ultraviolet(UV)background radiation is vital in the investigation of stellar and galactic ***-based UV observations are comprised of both foreground and background *** foreground emission in an observation is a result of solar contamination in the direction of *** our previous work,we modeled airglow(one of the major constituents of the foreground emission)as a function of10.7 cm Solar Flux and Sun Angle with great accuracy using GALEX deep *** adopt a similar methodology to validate the obtained model and run equivalent experiments here using far-UV(FUV)and nearUV(NUV)GALEX medium imaging surveys(MIS)with a total exposure time greater than 3300 *** obtained a predictive model having excellent compatibility with the earlier *** analysis shows that the total foreground emission varies between 59 and 295 photon units in FUV whereas in NUV,it varies between 671 and1195 photon units depending upon the date and time of *** also noticed a strong correlation between the background emission and optical depth both in FUV and NUV,especially in the low density *** clearly indicates that the major contributor in diffuse background radiation is the starlight scattered by interstellar dust grains.

关键词： instrumentation:detectors Sun:activity ultraviolet:ISM atmospheric effects

Response in piled raft foundation of tall chimneys under along-wind load incorporating flexibility of soil

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 307-322页

作者： B. R. JAYALEKSHMI S.V. JISHA R. shivashankar Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore 575025 Karnataka India

The present paper deals with the numerical analysis of tall reinforced concrete chimneys with piled raft foundation subjected to along-wind loads considering the flexibility of soil. The analysis was carded out using finite element method on the basis of direct method of soil-structure interaction （SSI）. The linear elastic material behavior was assumed for chimney, piled raft and soil. Four different material properties of soil stratum were selected in order to study the effect of SSI. The chimney elevation and the thickness of raft of piled raft foundation were also varied for the parametric study. The chimneys were assumed to be located in terrain category 2 and subjected to a maximum wind speed of 50 m/s as per IS：875 （Part 3）-1987. The along-wind loads were computed according to IS：4998 （Part 1）-1992. The base moments of chimney evaluated from the S SI analysis were compared with those obtained as per IS：4998 （Part 1）-1992. The tangential and radial bending moments of raft of piled raft foundation were evaluated through SSI analysis and compared with those obtained from conventional analysis as per IS：I 1089-1984, assuming rigidity at the base of the raft foundation. The settlements of raft of piled raft foundation, deflection of pile and moments of the pile due to interaction with different soil stratum were also evaluated. From the analysis, considerable reduction in the base moment of chimney due to the effect of SSI is observed. Higher radial moments and lower tangential moments were obtained for lower elevation chimneys with piled raft resting on loose sand when compared with conventional analysis results. The effect of SSI in the response of the pile is more significant when the structure-foundation system interacts with loose sand.

关键词： finite element method piled raft tall chimney soil-structure interaction along-wind load

Biochemical Characterization of Detoxifying Enzymes in Dimethoate-Resistant Strains of Melon Aphid, Aphis gossypii(Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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Advances in Entomology 2016年第3期4卷 167-182页

作者： Dayanandam Lokeshwari Nallur Kothandaraman Krishna Kumar Hanumanthappa Manjunatha Seshadri shivashankar Division of Entomology and Nematology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessaraghatta Lake Post Bengaluru India Division of Horticultural Science Indian Council of Agriculture Research Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan-II New Delhi India Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Kuvempu University Jnanasahyadri Shankaraghatta Shimoga India Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessaraghatta Lake Post Bengaluru India

The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a highly polyphagous sap sucking pest on wide varieties of crops including cotton and vegetables. It is a notorious vector of many plant viruses that are persistently and non-persistently transmitted. In nature, aphids are regulated by their natural enemies. However, chemical control remains a major management tool even though resistance to insecticides has been documented worldwide. A better understanding of mechanisms by which insecticide resistance occurs and its early detection is desirable to develop effective management strategies. The present investigation was conducted to study the development of resistance to an organophosphate (OP) compound-dimethoate, identify biochemical mechanism(s) involved in resistance and study cross-resistance to imidacloprid in laboratory selected A. gossypii strains in comparison to susceptible strains. Bioassay studies revealed that the LC50 values increased dramatically with dimethoate selection in resistant strains and the resistance ratio (RR) was 270-, 243- and 210-fold greater than that of the susceptible strains by 30th generation. Further, biochemical assays revealed enhanced activities of carboxylesterases (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and cytochrome P450-mediated p-Nitroanisole O-demethylase (PNOD) in resistant strains supporting their role in dimethoate detoxification. This study thus revealed that enhanced activity of detoxifying enzymes viz., CarE, GSTs and PNODs is one of the mechanisms underlying dimethoate resistance in A. gossypii collected from South India. Interestingly, the possibility of negatively correlated cross-resistance to imidacloprid was identified in three OP- resistant strains exhibiting 2.97-, 2.56- and 3.76-fold sensitivity to imidacloprid (a novel neonicotinoid). This indicated that the latter was less affected by the resistance mechanism(s) present.

关键词： Aphis gossypii Carboxylesterases Dimethoate Glutathione S-Transferases LC50 Melon Aphid p-Nitroanisole O-Demethylase Resistance

A Mobile Agent Cloning Controller for Servicing Networked Robots

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A Mobile Agent Cloning Controller for Servicing Networked Ro...

A Survey on Effect of Agro Waste Ash as Reinforcement on Aluminium Base Metal Matrix Composites

2011 International Conference on Future Information Technology (ICFIT 2011)

作者： W.Wilfred Godfrey shivashankar B. Nair Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati India

In this paper we describe how mobile agents that form service providers in a robotic network stigmergically sense the available bandwidth and control their respective cloning rates so as to reduce service times. Apart from a life-time, these agents also have a Cloning Resource which is charged by rewards gained as and when they service the robots. This novel concept of resource embeds an adaptive demand based cloning behavior. The results portrayed in this paper clearly show that the use of such a resource inhibits excessive cloning which otherwise could degrade the efficiency and speed of the service.

关键词： Mobile Agents Networked Robots Cloning Population Control.

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2019年第3期9卷 312-326页

作者： Prasanna P. Kulkarni B. Siddeswarappa Kariyappla shivashankar Hemanth Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering STJ Institute of Technology Ranibennur India Department of Studies in Industrial Production Engineering University BDT College of Engineering Davanagere India

In the present day availability of agricultural waste products is very huge quantity. Most of the industries prefer Metal matrix composite (MMC) due to their density, high strength to weight ratio, hardness, corrosion resistance, fatigue and creep resistance. Hence they are widely used in structural applications along with aerospace and automobile industry, marine, sports, electronic and automation industries. In the present paper a study is focused on the mechanical, tribological and corrosion behavior of the metal matrix composite using different agro waste ash which is easily available. Agro waste ash like Rice Husk, groundnut shell, bamboo leaf, coconut shell can be used as reinforcement and applicable for various applications like automotive, structural components. From this current study, it’s clearly identified that addition of agro waste ash as reinforcement with Aluminium improves the properties of metal matrix composite. Aluminium metal with such reinforcement materials has shown a high specific strength, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, also it will increase hardness, satisfactory levels of corrosion resistance.

关键词： Metal Matrix Composite Agro Waste Ash Reinforcement Mechanical Behavior Tribological Behavior Corrosion Properties

Structural, Thermal and Electrical Property of Polycrystalline LaLiMo2O8

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New Journal of Glass and Ceramics 2012年第1期2卷 7-12页

作者： Sanjaya Brahma Ram Naresh Prasad Choudhary Awalendra Kumar Thakur Srinivasarao Ajjampur shivashankar Materials Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Department of Physics Institute of Technical Education and Research Siksha O Anusandhan University Department of Physics and Meteorology Indian Institute of Technology

This research article reports electrical characterization of a rare earth molybdate based on combination of rare earth (La+3) and alkali (Li+) metal ions. The experimental observation suggests the negative temperature coefficient of resistance behavior of the material. The material has been prepared by standard solid state reaction method, where the synthesis conditions have been optimized by thermal analysis. A possible mechanism for the formation of the polycrystal-line LaLiMo2O8 is reported. A systematic analysis has been done to determine the crystal structure of the powder material and it was found that the powder material was crystallized to tetragonal unit cell structure. Electrical properties have been studied using a.c. impedance measurement. The temperature variation of electrical conductivity of the material shows typical Arrhenius behavior. The activation energy evaluated from conductivity data works out to be ~0.94 ev.

关键词： Powders Solid State Reaction X-Ray Methods Thermal Properties Electrical Properties

Proximal Femoral Nailing: Getting the Trajectory Right

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Surgical Science 2016年第5期7卷 235-238页

作者： Yogesh Salphale Prakash Lalwani Bhaskaran shivashankar Wasudeo Mahadeo Gadegone Kiran Janwe Satyajeet Jagtap Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology Chandrapur Multispeciality Hospital Chandrapur India

Getting the trajectory of the proximal femoral nail in the right direction is essential to achieve a good result in the technically demanding surgery of proximal femoral fracture. Either an inappropriate starting point or a failure to match the chosen implant’s lateral entry angle may cause coronal plane deformity after trochanteric entry nailing. The lateral view is the critical view for localization of the proper starting point. For the right execution of the surgery, getting the trajectoy right is fully under the control of the surgeon and should always be attempted.

关键词： PFN Proximal Femoral Fracture Unstable Pertrochanteric Fracture Nail Trajectory