检索结果-南通市图书馆

Impact of indoor heat load and natural ventilation on thermal comfort of radiant cooling system:An experimental study

引用

Energy and Built Environment 2023年第5期4卷 543-556页

作者： K Dharmasastha D.G.Leo Samuel S.M.shiva Nagendr M.P.Maiya Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiTamil Nadu 600036India Barghest Building Performance Pte.Ltd. 118535Singapore Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasRefrigeration and Air ConditioningChennai 600036India Department of Building Enivironment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong

Construction and operation of buildings are responsible for about 20%of the global energy *** embodied energy of conventional buildings is high due to the utilization of energy-intensive construction mate-rials and traditional construction *** operational energy is attributed to the usage of power-consuming conventional air-conditioning ***,moving to an energy-efficient cooling technology and eco-friendly building material can lead to significant energy savings and CO 2 emission *** the present study,an energy-efficient thermally activated building system(TABS)is integrated with glass fiber rein-forced gypsum(GFRG),an eco-friendly building *** proposed hybrid system is termed the thermally activated glass fiber reinforced gypsum(TAGFRG)*** system is not only energy-efficient and eco-friendly but also provides better thermal *** experimental room with a TAGFRG roof is constructed on the premises of the Indian Institute of Technology Madras(IITM),Chennai,located in a tropical wet and dry climate *** influence of indoor sensible heat load and the impact of natural ventilation on the thermal comfort of the TAGFRG system are *** increase in internal heat load from 400 to 700 W deteriorates the thermal comfort of the indoor *** is evident from the increases in operative temperatures from 29.8 to 31.5℃ and the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction from 44.5%to 80.9%.Natural ventilation increases the diurnal fluctuation of indoor air temperature by 1.6 and 1.9℃ for with and without cooling cases,*** reduces the maximum indoor CO 2 concentration from 912 to 393 ppm.

关键词： Thermally activated building system Air-conditioning Natural ventilation Thermal comfort Indoor air quality

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Update on endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3586-3594页

作者： shiva Rangwani Devarshi R Ardeshna Khalid Mumtaz Sean G Kelly Samuel Y Han Somashekar G Krishna Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineOhio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Endoscopic ultrasound guided liver biopsy(EUS-LB)has emerged as a minimally-invasive alternative to the traditional(percutaneous or transjugular)liver biopsy techniques for the diagnosis of liver parenchymal ***,EUS-LB combines the advantages of percutaneous and transjugular liver biopsy in addressing focused sampling in addition to measuring portal ***,EUS-LB facilitates access to both the lobes of the liver which is not considered with the traditional percutaneous liver *** studies have compared EUS-LB with conventional liver biopsy and reported comparable diagnostic yield,increased acquisition of complete portal tracts,and longer specimen length as compared to the traditional ***-LB is associated with lesser post-procedural pain and shorter recovery time,while providing lower risk of complications when compared to traditional liver *** in needle types,needle sizes and suction techniques have aimed at further optimizing the EUS-LB *** review article updates current literature with focus on the variations in the technique and equipment used for EUS-LB,and compares EUS-LB with traditional methods of liver biopsy.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound guided liver biopsy Liver biopsy Percutaneous liver biopsy Transjugular liver biopsy Liver parenchymal disease Portal pressure gradient

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Choices of health care financing schemes for resource poor country: An analysis of Nepal’s experiences

引用

Health 2013年第8期5卷 1295-1302页

作者： shiva Raj Adhikari Department of Economics Patan Multiple Campus Tribhuvan University Lalitpur Nepal

An appropriate health care financing scheme can improve the efficient, equitable, and effective use of health care resources;however, each popular health care financing scheme has some advantages and disadvantages. The designing of health care financing strategy to fit with the country specific features is not straightforward. In resource poor country, allocation of resources for health care services are always critical and frequently unstable due to nuances annual budget process, small fiscal space, uncertainties in contributions of external development partners. Considerable quantities of country specific researches require for the choice of an appropriate health care financing scheme. The paper illustrates possible better options for the government to pursue the goal of ensuring that the poor receive more benefits. The paper compares the benefit incidences and cost of services with different options purposed for primary health care services by utilizing recently collected data from different hospitals in Nepal. The paper offers an alternative policy such as a universal free care below the district level services;but in the district level which is top level of primary care, “extended targeted free health care” may be an efficient, fair, and relatively simple approach.

关键词： Health Care Financing Benefit Incidence Cost Poor Nepal

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Co纳米粒子催化无溶剂条件下一锅四组分法高效合成1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物(英文)

引用

催化学报 2011年第12期32卷 1850-1855页

作者： Javad SAFARI Sayed Hossein BANITABA1 shiva DEHGHAN KHALILI Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Research Department of Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry University of Kashan Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branch

A straightforward and general method has been developed for the synthesis of C5-unsubstitiuted 1,4-dihydropyridines by a reaction using dimedone, acetophenone, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of Co nanoparticles as a heterogeneous and eco-friendly catalyst with high catalytic activity at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This catalyst is easily separated by magnetic devices and can be reused without any apparent loss of activity for the reaction. In addition, it is very interesting that when using Co nanoparticles as a catalyst, spatially-hindered aldehydes such as 2-methoxy-, 2-fluoro-, and 2-chloro-aldehydes are suitable for this reaction.

关键词： cobalt nanoparticle 1,4-dihydropyridine four-component condensation heterogeneou catalyst magnetically separable catalyst

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A proposed surface resistance model for the Penman-Monteith formula to estimate evapotranspiration in a solar greenhouse

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2017年第4期9卷 530-546页

作者： GONG Xuewen LIU Hao SUN Jingsheng GAO Yang ZHANG Xiaoxian shiva K JHA ZHANG Hao MA Xiaojian WANG Wanning Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation Ministry of AgricultureFarmland Irrigation Research InstituteChineseAcademy of Agricultural SciencesXinxiang 453003China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUnited Kingdom National Maize Research Program Nepal Agricultural Research CouncilChitwan 44209Nepal

Greenhousing is a technique to bridge season gap in vegetable production and has been widely used worldwide. Calculation of water requirement of crops grown in greenhouse and determination of their irrigation schedules in arid and semi-arid regions are essential for greenhouse maintenance and have thus attracted increased attention over the past decades. The most common method used in the literature to estimate crop evapotranspiration（ET） is the Penman-Monteith（PM） formula. When applied to greenhouse, however, it often uses canopy resistance instead of surface resistance. It is understood that the surface resistance in greenhouse is the result of a combined effect of canopy restriction and soil-surface restriction to water vapor flow, and the relative dominance of one restriction over another depends on crop canopy. In this paper, we developed a surface resistance model in a way similar to two parallel resistances in an electrical circuit to account for both restrictions. Also, considering that wind speed in greenhouse is normally rather small, we compared three methods available in the literature to calculate the aerodynamic resistance, which are the r_a^1 method proposed by Perrier（1975a, b）, the r_a^2 method proposed by Thom and Oliver（1977）, and the r_a^3 method proposed by Zhang and Lemeu（1992）. We validated the model against ET of tomatoes in a greenhouse measured from sap flow system combined with micro-lysimeter in 2015 and with weighing lysimeter in 2016. The results showed that the proposed surface resistance model improved the accuracy of the PM model, especially when the leaf area index was low and the greenhouse was being irrigated. We also found that the aerodynamic resistance calculated from the r_a^1 and r_a^3 methods is applicable to the greenhouse although the latter is slightly more accurate than the former. The proposed surface resistance model, together with the r_a^3 method for aerodynamic resistance, offers an improved approach to estimate ET

关键词： canopy resistance surface resistance aerodynamic resistance sap flow system micro-lysimeter weighing lysimeter

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Macrophages are the primary effector cells in IL-7-induced arthritis

引用

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第7期17卷 728-740页

作者： Seung-jae Kim Huan J.Chang Michael VVolin Sadiq Umar Katrien Van Raemdonck Aimee Chevalier Karol Palasiewicz John W.Christman Suncica Volkov shiva Arami Mehrdad Maz Anjali Mehta Ryan K.Zomorrodi David A.Fox Nadera Sweiss shiva Shahrara Division of Rheumatology Jesse Brown VAMedical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Chicago College of Osteopathic MedicineMidwestern UniversityDowners GroveIL 60515USA Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineOhio State University Wexner Medical CenterDavis Heart and Lung Research InstituteColumbusOH 43210USA Division of Allergy Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 481096USA

Synovial macrophages are crucial in the development of joint inflammation and bone damage;however, the pathways that controlmacrophage remodeling in inflammatory M1 cells or bone-eroding osteoclasts are not fully understood. We determined thatelevated IL-7R/CD127 expression is the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) M1 macrophages and that these cells are highlyresponsive to interleukin-7 (IL-7)-driven osteoclastogenesis. We established that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interferon-γ (IFNγ), andtumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), the classic M1 macrophage mediators, enhance IL-7R expression in RA and murine *** local expression of IL-7 provokes arthritis, predominantly through escalating the number of F480^(+)iNOS^(+) cells rather than CD3^(+)T cells. Ectopic LPS injection stabilizes IL-7-induced arthritis by increasing myeloid IL-7R expression, in part via IFNγ ***, in RAG−/− mice, IL-7-mediated arthritis is suppressed because of the reduction in myeloid IL-7R expression due to the lackof IFNγ. Moreover, the amelioration of IL-7-induced arthritis by anti-TNF therapy is due to a decrease in the number of cells in theunique F480^(+)iNOS^(+)IL-7R^(+)CCL5^(+) subset, with no impact on the F480^(+)Arginase^(+) cell or CD3^(+) T cell frequency. Consistent with thepreclinical findings, the findings of a phase 4 study performed with RA patients following 6 months of anti-TNF therapy revealedthat IL-7R expression was reduced without affecting the levels of IL-7. This study shifts the paradigm by discovering that IL-7-induced arthritis is dependent on F480^(+)iNOS^(+)IL-7R^(+)CCL5^(+) cell function, which activates TH-1 cells to amplify myeloid IL-7Rexpression and disease severity.

关键词： myeloid elevated inflammation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Comparison of anterior segment measurements using rotating Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry

引用

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第4期6卷 510-514页

作者： Mohammad Soleimani Hassan Hashemi shiva Mehravaran Mehdi Khabazkhoob Mohammad Hassan Emamian Mohammad Shariati Akbar Fotouhi Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Noor Ophthalmology Research Center Noor Eye Hospital Farabi Eye Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Education Development Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences

AIM:To compare central corneal thickness(CCT) and anterior chamber depth(ACD) measurements using rotating Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry.·METHODS:As part of the first phase of Shahroud Eye Cohort Study with 5 190 subjects of 40 to 64 years of age,CCT and ACD were measured using Scheimpflug imaging with the Pentacam(Oculus,Inc.,Lynnwood,WA,USA) and partial coherence interferometry with the Allegro BioGraph(Wavelight,Erlangen,Germany).·RESULTS:After applying exclusion criteria,we had data of 4 387 subjects with a mean age of 50.7±6.2 *** CCT with Pentacam and BioGraph were 528.6 ±33.2μm and 525.6 ±32μm respectively;the difference was statistically significant(P <0.001),but the correlation was high(R=0.920).Mean ACD measurements using Pentacam and BioGraph were 2.68 ±0.35mm and 2.62 ±0.33mm respectively;the inter-device difference was significant(P <0.001) with high correlation(R=0.944).The 95% limits of agreements between devices were-22.65μm to28.61μm and-0.16mm to 0.29mm for CCT and ACD measurements,respectively.·CONCLUSION:For both CCT and ACD,the BioGraph gave significantly lower values than the Pentacam(P <0.05).Despite the high inter-device correlation,the 95%limits of agreements were wide,and this may limit their interchangeability in measuring the CCT and ACD.

关键词： central corneal thickness anterior chamber depth Pentacam BioGraph agreement

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

On a Generic Security Game Model

引用

International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2017年第7期10卷 142-172页

作者： Vivek Shandilya Sajjan shiva Department of Computing Sciences Jacksonville University Jacksonville USA Department of Computer Science University of Memphis Memphis USA

To protect the systems exposed to the Internet against attacks, a security system with the capability to engage with the attacker is needed. There have been attempts to model the engagement/interactions between users, both benign and malicious, and network administrators as games. Building on such works, we present a game model which is generic enough to capture various modes of such interactions. The model facilitates stochastic games with imperfect information. The information is imperfect due to erroneous sensors leading to incorrect perception of the current state by the players. To model this error in perception distributed over other multiple states, we use Euclidean distances between the outputs of the sensors. We build a 5-state game to represent the interaction of the administrator with the user. The states correspond to 1) the user being out of the system in the Internet, and after logging in to the system;2) having low privileges;3) having high privileges;4) when he successfully attacks and 5) gets trapped in a honeypot by the administrator. Each state has its own action set. We present the game with a distinct perceived action set corresponding to each distinct information set of these states. The model facilitates stochastic games with imperfect information. The imperfect information is due to erroneous sensors leading to incorrect perception of the current state by the players. To model this error in perception distributed over the states, we use Euclidean distances between outputs of the sensors. A numerical simulation of an example game is presented to show the evaluation of rewards to the players and the preferred strategies. We also present the conditions for formulating the strategies when dealing with more than one attacker and making collaborations.

关键词： Security System Architecture Stochastic Game General Sum Game Imperfect Information Numerical Simulation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of preparation program on maternal anxiety of mothers fertilized through in vitro fertilization

引用

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第3期8卷 102-111页

作者： Atefe Salimi Akin Abadi Mitra Zandi Marzieh shiva Azita Pourshirvani Anoshirvan Kazemnejad Department of Medical Surgical Nursing School of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility Reproductive Biomedicine Research CenterRoyan Institute for Reproductive BiomedicineAcademic Center forEducationCulture and ResearchTehranIran Department of Biostatistics Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Objective: To determine the effect of preparation to play a maternal role in mothers fertilized through in vitro fertilization on maternal anxiety. Methods: A total of 60 mothers undergoing in vitro fertilization were assigned into intervention group and control group. Pregnancy concerns and stress questionnaires were research tools. Questionnaires were completed in both groups before organizing preparation program. Then, the preparation program was held for four sessions for the mothers in the intervention group, and the subjects in both groups were immediately investigated again after completion of preparation program and one month later. Data analyses about pregnancy stress and concerns of mothers and its dimensions were performed by repeated measure (analysis of variance), Mann-Whitney, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. Analysis of demographic variables was performed by using independent t-test and Chi-square test in SPSS 21. Results: The score of pregnancy stress and concerns before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the intervention group in the score of pregnancy stress and concerns before and after the intervention (P<0.001), before and one month after the intervention (P<0.001), immediately after and one month after the intervention (P<0.001) which was not significant in the control group. Conclusions: Maternal preparation program can be effective in reducing maternal stress and concerns.

关键词： In vitro fertilization Anxiety Infertility Preparation Nursing

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Inhibitory effect of Thymus vulgaris extract on memory impairment induced by scopolamine in rat

引用

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第10期5卷 845-851页

作者： Zahra Rabiei shiva Mokhtari Samira Asgharzade Mostafa Gholami Samira Rahnama Mahmoud Rafieian-kopaei Medical Plants Research Center Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Department of Molecular Medicine Faculty of Advanced Medical TechnologiesTehran University of Medical Sciences Clinical Biochemistry Research Center Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To investigate the effect of Thymus vulgaris(T. vulgaris) on learning and memory functions in scopolamine-induced memory deficit in rats. Memory enhancing activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats was investigated by assessing the Morris water maze and passive avoidance ***: A total of 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups as follow:control group: received water, scopolamine treated group: received scopolamine 1 mg/kg for 15 days, two scopolamine + T. vulgaris treated groups: received scopolamine and T. vulgaris extract 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight per day for 15 days, two intact groups:received T. vulgaris extract 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight per day for 15 ***: Administration of T. vulgaris extract significantly restored memory and learning impairments induced by scopolamine in the passive avoidance test and Morris water maze ***: T. vulgaris extract has repairing effects on memory and behavioral disorders produced by scopolamine and may have beneficial effects in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： vulgaris Thymus impairment deficit avoidance resto

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：