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Organo-mineral complexes in soil colloids:Implications for carbon storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils from an eight-year field experiment

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 97-109页

作者： Mengmeng CHEN shirong zhang Lu LIU Baojian CHANG Yuyi LI Xiaodong DING College of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Jingke High-tech Institute of Environmental Sciences Co. LtdBeijing 100094China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The combination of organic carbon(OC) and reactive minerals is a crucial mechanism of soil carbon(C) storage, which is regulated by the formation of organo-mineral complexes on the surface of soil colloids. The effect of organic fertilizer on the storage mechanism of OC in soil colloids was studied through an 8-year field experiment, which included four treatments: i) no fertilization(control, CK), ii) only mineral N, P, and K fertilization(NPK), iii) NPK plus a low level(450 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC1), and iv) NPK plus a high level(900 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC2). The main results indicated that organic fertilizer addition significantly increased the content of aromatic-C, which was 158.7% and 140.0% higher in soil colloids than in bulk soil in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further demonstrated that the relative proportion of C=C group on the surface of soil colloids was increased by 20.1% and 19.1% in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively,compared with the CK. In addition, compared with the NPK treatment, the content of reactive minerals(such as Fe and Al oxides) significantly increased with organic fertilization, which was positively correlated with C=C group in soil colloids. This indicates that aromatic-C may be retained by the formation of aromatic-mineral complexes with reactive minerals in soil colloids. Organic fertilization also significantly increased OC storage efficiency(OCSE), which was significantly higher in the NPKC1 treatment than in the NPKC2 treatment. Therefore, a moderate amount of organic fertilizer application is a better agronomic practice to increase OCSE and OC storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils.

关键词： aromatic-C aromatic-mineral complex organic fertilization reactive mineral soil organic carbon water-dispersible colloid

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Effect of salinity on seed germination,ion content and photosynthesis of cotyledons in halophytes or xerophyte growing in Central Asia

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第4期3卷 259-267页

作者： shirong zhang Jie Song He Wang Gu Feng Department of Plant Nutrition College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Department of Biology College of Life ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Aims We investigated the impact of salinity on seed germination,chlorophyll content,chloroplast structure and photosynthesis of the green embryos in desiccated seeds of the xerophyte Haloxylon persicum,xero-halophyte Haloxylon ammodendron and euhalophyte Suaeda physophora.Methods Seeds of H.persicum,H.ammodendron and S.physophora were collected from natural environment in Fukang,Xinjiang province.Pretreatment with 700 mM NaCl was carried out to stimulate the natural‘seed priming’;we analyzed the joint effect of salinity and different species on germination physiology and cotyledonal structure and photosynthetic function changes during germination and recovery stage.Important Findings We found that seeds did not suffer ion toxicity for the two halophytes H.ammodendron and S.physophora,as evidenced by the high final germination after ungerminated seeds pretreated with 700 mM NaCl were transferred to distilled water,but the final germination of the xerophyte H.persicum was significantly lower than that of control.The Na+concentration in embryos increased under salinity for all species,while K+concentration decreased by salinity only for H.persicum and H.ammodendron,i.***.the concentration of K+in embryos of H.persicum and H.ammodendron decreased by 36%and 46%,respectively.For all species,whether dry intact seeds or cotyledons of dry seeds imbibed in deionized water and NaCl solution,had high chlorophyll content.Treatment with NaCl also caused chloroplast thylakoids to swell and chlorophyll content to decrease in seeds of H.persicum,but no significant change was observed in the more salt-tolerant species S.physophora and H.ammodendron.Fluorescence measurement showed that 700 mM NaCl decreased the Fv/Fm ratio of cotyledons in seeds for all species,especially for H.persicum and H.ammodendron.Photosynthetic oxygen releasing was detected from the seeds that were moistened with distilled water and 700 mM NaCl for 6 or 24 h and from the seeds that were initially moistened with 700 mM NaCl in darkness for 10 days,then transfe

关键词： cotyledonal chloroplast Haloxylon ammodendron Haloxylon persicum salinity seed germination Suaeda physophora

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连江县耕地土壤养分状况与施肥对策

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福建热作科技 2024年第1期49卷 32-34,37页

作者：张师荣连江县土壤肥料技术推广站福建福州350500

为摸清耕地土壤养分状况,科学指导化肥使用减量增效,连江县调查了县域内耕地土壤五项指标的情况。结果表明,连江县约1/3的耕地土壤酸性较强(pH5.0~5.5),部分滨海耕地盐碱化(pH7.5~8.5);耕地土壤氮、磷、钾养分存在失衡,磷素相对富集,钾... 详细信息

为摸清耕地土壤养分状况,科学指导化肥使用减量增效,连江县调查了县域内耕地土壤五项指标的情况。结果表明,连江县约1/3的耕地土壤酸性较强(pH5.0~5.5),部分滨海耕地盐碱化(pH7.5~8.5);耕地土壤氮、磷、钾养分存在失衡,磷素相对富集,钾素较为丰富,而氮素则相对缺乏。据此建议当地要合理施用碱性改良剂,调控土壤酸性;要畅通排灌,降低地下水位,防止耕地土壤盐碱化;要推广种植绿肥,增施有机肥,提高土壤有机质含量;要重视合理增施氮肥、适当控施磷肥、科学施用钾肥,以平衡耕地土壤矿质养分的供给。

关键词：连江县耕地土壤养分施肥对策

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幼儿园引入非遗文化的课程价值及其实践策略——以“湟源排灯”为例

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吉林省教育学院学报 2024年第4期40卷 56-60页

作者：张世蓉青海民族大学

青海作为多民族聚居地，有非常丰富的文化资源，其中“湟源排灯”作为非物质文化遗产，有着重要的教育、传承意义。为了将“湟源排灯”融入幼儿园课程中，利用其独特的文化资源，提高幼儿的全面发展，本文通过文献资料法搜集相关信息，... 详细信息

青海作为多民族聚居地，有非常丰富的文化资源，其中“湟源排灯”作为非物质文化遗产，有着重要的教育、传承意义。为了将“湟源排灯”融入幼儿园课程中，利用其独特的文化资源，提高幼儿的全面发展，本文通过文献资料法搜集相关信息，了解“湟源排灯”的背景，分析“湟源排灯”融入园本课程的发展价值，提出幼儿园引入“湟源排灯”园本课程的实践策略：幼儿园首先应构建相应的园本课程教学目标，建设教师排灯文化园本教研队伍，其次通过打造“湟源排灯”创意工作空间与环境主题网络等方式实施课程，最后改革课程评价，强调教师、家长、幼儿等多元主体的参与，从而实现幼儿在“湟源排灯”园本课程中的和谐持续发展。

关键词：非物质文化遗产园本课程文化自信

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Effects of disinfection efficiency on microbial communities and corrosion processes in drinking water distribution systems simulated with actual running conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 273-282页

作者： Ying Zhu Lu Chen Hong Xiao Fei Shen Shihuai Deng shirong zhang Jinsong He Chun Song Xie Wang Jianhua zhang Li Gong Chun Hu Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China Rural Environment Protection Engineering&Technology Center of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China College of Environmental Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduSichuan 610066China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment of Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengduSichuan 610066China College of Forestry Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater BayGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China

The effects of disinfection efficiency on microbial communities and the corrosion of cast iron pipes in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs) were studied.Two annular reactors(ARs) that simulated actual running conditions with UV/Cl2 disinfection and chlorination alone were used.High chlorine consumption and corrosion rate were found in the AR with UV/Cl2.According to functional genes and pyrosequencing tests, a high percentage of iron recycling bacteria was detected within the biofilm of the AR with Cl2 at early running stage, whereas siderophore-producing bacteria were dominant in the biofilm of the AR with UV/Cl2.At the early running stage, the sequential use of UV light and an initial high chlorine dosage suppressed the biomass and iron-recycling bacteria in both bulk water and biofilms, thereby forming less protective scales against further corrosion, which enhanced chlorine consumption.Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the bacterial communities in the ARs shaped from within rather than being imported by influents.These results indicate that the initial high disinfection efficiency within the distribution system had not contributed to the accumulation of iron-recycling bacteria at the early running stages.This study offer certain implications for controlling corrosion and water quality in DWDSs.

关键词： Disinfection efficiency Biofilm Iron-recycling bacteria Corrosion Drinking water distribution systems

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Nitridation process effect on crystal structure and magnetic properties of TbCuT-type SmFe9 alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第10期31卷 979-982页

作者： Binbin LÜ Dunbo YU shirong zhang Yang LUO Jinling JIN Wenlong YAN Hongwei LI National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Grirem Advanced Materials Co. Ltd. Beijing 100088 China

The effect of nitridation process, i.e. temperature and time, on crystal structure and magnetic properties of SmFe9Nx inter- stitial compounds was systematically investigated. After nitridation treatment, nitrogen atoms were incorporated into SmFe9 alloys to form SnaFe9Nx interstitial compounds, which increased the distance of Fe-Fe and enhanced Fe-Fe interaction. As a result, SmFe9Nx interstitial compounds had a higher Curie temperature and more excellent magnetic properties than SmFe9 alloys. The relationships between nitridation temperature, nitridation time, nitriding efficiency, magnetic properties and phase transition were researched. It could be concluded that nitriding efficiency was strongly associated with magnetic properties and phase transition at different tem- peratures. The nitriding efficiency also had a connection with magnetic properties under different time, while no obvious phase transi- tion was found during that process. By studying nitridation process under a series of temperatures and time in this experiment, a suit- able nitridation temperature （713 K） and an ideal length of nitridation time （8 h） was decided, which would produce the optimal mag- netic behavior of SmFegNx interstitial compounds.

关键词： SmFe9 SmFe9Nx nitridation interstitial compounds rare earths

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Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation identified in plasma indicates failure sites and predicts clinical prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer progression during first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy: a prospective observational study

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 305-318页

作者： shirong zhang Lucheng Zhu Bing Xia Enguo Chen Qiong Zhao Xiaochen zhang Xueqin Chen Xufeng Chen Shenglin Ma Center for Translational Medicine Hangzhou First People’s HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNo.261 Huansha RoadShangcheng DistrictHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina Department of Oncology Hangzhou First People’s HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina Department of Oncology Hangzhou Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310000ZhejiangChina Department of Respiratory Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310020ZhejiangChina Department of Oncology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA

Introduction:Plasma circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is an ideal approach to detecting the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)T790M mutation,which is a major mechanism of resistance to first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)therapy.The present study aimed to explore the association of ctDNA-identified T790M mutation with disease failure sites and clinical prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.Methods:Patients who progressed on first-generation TKIs were categorized into failure site groups of chest limited(CF),brain limited(BF)and other(OF).Amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)and droplet digital PCR(ddPCR)were used to identify the T790M mutation in ctDNA.Prognosis was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier methods.Results:Overall concordance between the two methods was 78.3%.According to both ARMS and ddPCR,patients in the OF group had a significantly higher rate of T790M mutation than did patients in the BF and CF groups(P<0.001),and a significantly higher T790M mutation rate was also observed in OF-group patients than in those in the CF and BF groups(P<0.001).AZD9291 was found to be an excellent treatment option and yielded the longest survival for T790M+patients in all groups who had progressed on EGFR-TKIs;for other treatments,the prognosis of T790M−patient subgroups varied.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that T790M mutation in ctDNA is associated with failure sites for NSCLC patients after EGFR-TKI therapy and indicates that both failure site and T790M mutational status greatly influ-ence treatment selection and prognosis.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor T790M ctDNA Failure sites

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利用COSMIC-1/2 IonPrf产品分析中国区域近15年电离层时空变化特征

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武汉大学学报（信息科学版） 2024年第5期49卷 765-774页

作者：陆浩楠叶世榕张庆兰夏朋飞鄂盛龙武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心湖北武汉430079 国家基础地理信息中心北京100830 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院广东广州510620

利用2006—2020年中国区域的COSMIC-1/2(constellation observing system for meteorology ionosphere and climate-1/2)IonPrf产品数据,分析了中国区域电离层时空变化特征。首先介绍新一代COSMIC-2在中国以及全球区域的数据质量状况;然后对IonPrf产品的数据质量控制和电离层特征参数提取方法进行说明;最后,以不同时间尺度统计分析了中国区域近15年电离层特征参数在一个完整太阳活动周期不同活动水平下的时空变化特征。统计结果表明,中国区域电离层变化具有与太阳活动相关的周年变化、季节变化和日变化特征;周年变化中具有明显空间分布特征,以30°N左右为界,中国南方地区峰值密度NmF2、峰值高度HmF2和电子总含量(total electron content,TEC)年均值普遍高于北方地区;在月份季节变化中,NmF2和TEC最大值一般出现在3月、10月,最小值出现在6月、7月,仅中国南方部分地区存在冬季异常现象,且春、夏季的HmF2均值大于秋、冬季;在日变化中,NmF2和TEC的最大值主要出现在地方时(local time,LT)12:00—16:00,且峰值对应的地方时随纬度升高而向前推移。当太阳活动高年时,日落后NmF2和TEC仍保持较高水平。HmF2在中国南方地区最大值出现在LT 12:00—16:00,最小值出现在LT 05:00—07:00,北方地区HmF2的值白天普遍低于夜间。

关键词： COSMIC-1/2 电离层时空特征中国区域 IonPrf产品

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降低电解水过程中传质过电压技术的研究进展

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化学通报 2024年第1期87卷 44-55,91页

作者：赵宁张士荣曹雪普周理龙韩继龙李正杰河北科技大学化学与制药工程学院石家庄050018

目前电解水技术中因反应过电压和传质过电压的存在使得电解效率较低,现有研究大多侧重开发活性更高的催化剂来降低反应过电压,提高电解效率。本文主要从气液流动和电解液内发生的传质的角度出发,对降低电解过程中传质过电压的技术进行综... 详细信息

目前电解水技术中因反应过电压和传质过电压的存在使得电解效率较低,现有研究大多侧重开发活性更高的催化剂来降低反应过电压,提高电解效率。本文主要从气液流动和电解液内发生的传质的角度出发,对降低电解过程中传质过电压的技术进行综述,包括设置磁场、超声场、超重力场,并对其强化原理进行分析;另外,对通过优化电解过程操作条件来降低过电压的方法(包括改变电解槽操作温度、操作压力和供电方式)也进行了介绍。磁场变化可以加速离子迁移;超声场能有效降低电解液中弥散气泡的平均粒径和气泡脱离时间,加强传质;超重力会提供更强的传质驱动力,气泡也更易从电极表面脱离;温度升高可以加快反应速率,降低电能消耗,但需要提高压力来调节氢气在电解液中的溶解度,可能导致设备成本上升;脉冲电源供电比传统稳定的直流电源能耗更低。

关键词：电解水传质过电压外力场强化操作条件优化

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腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用

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食品工业科技 2024年第4期45卷 313-320页

作者：周敏杨浩张廷瑶陈春鹏雷霜江焦士蓉西华大学食品生物工程学院四川成都610039

目的:探究腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用。方法:将50只C57BL/6小黑鼠分为5组,即空白对照组(NC),模型对照组(HFD),腊梅花提取物(Chimonanthus praecox flower extract,CPFE)低(LDG)、中(MDG)、高(HDG)剂量组。空白对照... 详细信息

目的:探究腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用。方法:将50只C57BL/6小黑鼠分为5组,即空白对照组(NC),模型对照组(HFD),腊梅花提取物(Chimonanthus praecox flower extract,CPFE)低(LDG)、中(MDG)、高(HDG)剂量组。空白对照组给予基础维持饲料,模型对照组和剂量组给予高脂饲料。低、中、高剂量组分别给予腊梅花提取物0.2、0.4、0.8 g/(kg mb·d)进行干预,即腊梅花多酚剂量分别为24.81、49.62、99.25 mg/(kg mb·d),对照组给予等量0.9%NaCl。连续灌胃4周,测定小鼠体重、肝脏系数、血清生化指标、脏器抗氧化能力,观察肝脏组织形态学变化。结果:模型对照组与空白对照组比较,体重、肝脏系数、血清总胆固醇(Total Cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,LDLC)和脏器丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)水平升高(P<0.05);血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,HDL-C)和脏器谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT),超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)水平降低(P<0.05);肝脏病理结果显示,模型对照组与空白对照组相比,肝小叶结构不规则,细胞形态被破坏,出现空泡变性,且肝索不清晰,肝窦被挤压变形,表明高脂饮食诱导小鼠肥胖成功。剂量组与模型对照组相比,腊梅花提取物能够下调血清TC、LDL-C、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)和脏器MDA水平,高剂量组效果更明显(P<0.05);腊梅花提取物还能使血清HDL-C水平和脏器GSH-Px、CAT、SOD、GSH水平升高,效果与腊梅花提取物浓度呈剂量效应。肝脏组织病理结果较模型对照组有所改善,可见肝脏组织形态和结构更加完整。腊梅花提取物还能降低肥胖小鼠的体质量和肝脏指数且高剂量组效果更显著。结论:腊梅花提取物具有降低血清胆固醇,增强小鼠抗氧化能力和保护肝组织细胞功能形态的作用。

关键词：高脂血症腊梅花提取物抗氧化能力脂代谢组织病理

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