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Stapled gastro/duodenojejunostomy shortens reconstruction time during pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9399-9404页

作者： Norihiro Sato Kei Yabuki shiro kohi Yasuhisa Mori Noritaka Minagawa Toshihisa Tamura Aiichiro Higure Koji Yamaguchi Department of Surgery 1 School of Medicine University of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu 807-8555 Japan

AIM:To investigate whether a stapled technique is superior to the conventional hand-sewn technique for gastro/duodenojejunostomy during pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(PpPD).METHODS:In October 2010,we introduced a mechanical anastomotic technique of gastro-or duodenojejunostomy using staplers during PpPD.We compared clinical outcomes between 19 patients who underwent PpPD with a stapled gastro/duodenojejunostomy(stapled anastomosis group)and 19 patients who underwent PpPD with a conventional hand-sewn duodenojejunostomy(hand-sewn anastomosis group).RESULTS:The time required for reconstruction was significantly shorter in the stapled anastomosis group than in the hand-sewn anastomosis group(186.0±29.4 min vs 219.7±50.0 min,P=0.02).In addition,intraoperative blood loss was significantly less(391.0±212.0 mL vs 647.1±482.1 mL,P=0.03)and the time to oral intake was significantly shorter(5.4±1.7d vs 11.3±7.9 d,P=0.002)in the stapled anastomosis group than in the hand-sewn anastomosis group.There were no differences in the incidences of delayed gastric emptying and other postoperative complications between the groups.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that stapled gastro/duodenojejunostomy shortens reconstruction time during PpPD without affecting the incidence of delayed gastric emptying.

关键词： Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy Stapled anastomosis Gastrojejunostomy Duodenojejunostomy Delayed gastric emptying

History of Western Philosophy and Quantum Language (Including Quantum Mechanics, Statistics, Fuzzy Logic, etc.)

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第5期12卷 1769-1795页

作者： shiro Ishikawa Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan

Although there are many different types of philosophy, many philosophers agree that the mainstream of Western philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Kant, Wittgenstein) developed toward the perfection of Socrates’ absolutism. But can the absolutism maintain its central position after analytic philosophy? There are pessimistic views on this problem, such as that of R. Rorty, the standard-bearer of neo-pragmatism. Recently, I proposed quantum language (which is including quantum mechanics, statistics, fuzzy sets, etc.). I think that that this theory is not only one of the most fundamental scientific theories, but also the scientific final destination of Western philosophy. If so, Socrates’ dream has come true. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the above and to inform readers that quantum language has the power to create a paradigm shift from the classical mechanical world view to the quantum mechanical worldview.

关键词： Quantum Language Linguistic Copenhagen Interpretation Fuzzy Logic

Population-based X-ray gastric cancer screening in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第2期15卷 271-281页

作者： Nhu Thi Hanh Vu Yuji Urabe Duc Trong Quach shiro Oka Toru Hiyama Department of Internal Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh 700000Viet Nam Department of Endoscopy Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima 734-8551Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Medicine Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima 734-8551Japan Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima 734-8551Japan Health Service Center Hiroshima UniversityHigashihiroshima 739-8514Japan

BACKGROUND X-ray gastric cancer(GC)screening has been shown to decrease mortality.Population-based X-ray GC screening has been performed in Hiroshima Prefe-cture,Japan,since 1983 but time trends and the efficacy of the method over 39 years have not been assessed.METHODS This was a population-based retrospective study.The data were derived from aggregated data of the Hiroshima Regional Health Medical Promotion Organization,including the number and rate of participants and those requiring esophagogastroduodenoscopies(EGDs),the number and rate of participants diagnosed as having GC,and the positive predictive value of the abnormal findings detected by X-ray and confirmed by EGDs.The number and rate of esophageal cancers were also collected.Further,the cost of detecting one GC was evaluated.RESULTS The number of participants has decreased during the last four decades,from 39925 in 1983 to 12923 in 2021.The rate of those requiring EGDs decreased significantly in recent years(P<0.001).The number of participants diagnosed as having GC has also declined,from 76 to 10 cases.However,the rate of cases diagnosed as GC among the participants remained around 0.1%.The positive predictive value increased significantly in recent years except during 1983-1991.The number and rate of accidentally detected esophageal cancers have risen recently,from 0%in 2008 to 0.02%in 2021,one-fifth of the diagnosis rate of GC.One GC diagnosis costs approximately 4200000 Japanese Yen(30000 United States Dollars)for the X-ray screenings and EGDs.CONCLUSION X-ray GC screening in Hiroshima has been efficient,but one challenge is the cost.Esophageal cancers may also need to be considered because they have gradually increased in recent years.

关键词： Population Retrospective studies X-ray Gastric cancer Screening

High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed based on changes in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography findings:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1487-1496页

作者： Nao Furuya Atsushi Yamaguchi Naohiro Kato Syuhei Sugata Takuro Hamada Takeshi Mizumoto Yuzuru Tamaru Ryusaku Kusunoki Toshio Kuwai Hirotaka Kouno Kazuya Kuraoka Yoshiyuki Shibata Sho Tazuma Takeshi Sudo Hiroshi Kohno shiro Oka Department of Gastroenterology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima 734-8551HiroshimaJapan Department of Pathology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan

BACKGROUND High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)exhibits no mass and is not detected by any examination modalities.However,it can be diagnosed by pancreatic juice cytology from indirect findings.Most previous cases were diagnosed based on findings of a focal stricture of the main pancreatic duct(MPD)and caudal MPD dilatation and subsequent pancreatic juice cytology using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).We experienced a case of high-grade PanIN with an unclear MPD over a 20-mm range,but without caudal MPD dilatation on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP).CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old female patient underwent computed tomography for a follow-up of uterine cancer post-excision,which revealed pancreatic cysts.MRCP revealed an unclear MPD of the pancreatic body at a 20-mm length without caudal MPD dilatation.Thus,course observation was performed.After 24 mo,MRCP revealed an increased caudal MPD caliber and a larger pancreatic cyst.We performed ERCP and detected atypical cells suspected of adenocarcinoma by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology examination.We performed a distal pancreatectomy and obtained a histopathological diagnosis of high-grade PanIN.Pancreatic parenchyma invasion was not observed,and curative resection was achieved.CONCLUSION High-grade Pan-IN may cause MPD narrowing in a long range without caudal MPD dilatation.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Carcinoma in situ Case report

High-throughput drug screening models of mature adipose tissues which replicate the physiology of patients’Body Mass Index(BMI)

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 227-241页

作者： Fiona Louis Yoshihiro Sowa shiro Kitano Michiya Matsusaki Osaka University Joint Research Laboratory(TOPPAN)for Advanced Cell Regulatory ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering2-1 YamadaokaSuita Osaka565-0871Japan Osaka University Graduate School of EngineeringDepartment of Applied Chemistry2-1 YamadaokaSuita Osaka565-0871Japan Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKamigyo-ku Kajii-choKawaramachi-HirokojiKyoto602-8566Japan TOPPAN PRINTING CO. LTD.Technical Research Institute4-2-3 TakanodaiminamiSugito-machiSaitama345-8508Japan

Obesity is a complex and incompletely understood disease,but current drug screening strategies mostly rely on immature in vitro adipose models which cannot recapitulate it properly.To address this issue,we developed a statistically validated high-throughput screening model by seeding human mature adipocytes from patients,encapsulated in physiological collagen microfibers.These drop tissues ensured the maintenance of adipocyte viability and functionality for controlling glucose and fatty acids uptake,as well as glycerol release.As such,patients’BMI and insulin sensitivity displayed a strong inverse correlation:the healthy adipocytes were associated with the highest insulin-induced glucose uptake,while insulin resistance was confirmed in the underweight and severely obese adipocytes.Insulin sensitivity recovery was possible with two type 2 diabetes treatments,rosiglitazone and melatonin.Finally,the addition of blood vasculature to the model seemed to more accurately recapitulate the in vivo physiology,with particular respect to leptin secretion metabolism.

关键词： Mature vascularized adipose tissue reconstruction High-throughput drug-screening model Obesity BMI Diabetes

Regulation of the growth of sprouting roots of black locust seedlings using root barrier panels

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 655-664页

作者： Satoshi Kitaoka shiro Matsunami Yannan Wang Saki Fujita Kobayashi Makoto Toshiyuki Hirata Takayoshi Koike Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan The Robust Greenhouse Project of Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589Japan Present Address:Oyo Cooperation Ltd Sumitomo BuildingTokyo 101-8486Japan Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Nanchang 330029People’s Republic of China Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba 305-8687Japan Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0809Japan Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan

How can we regulate an invasive alien species of high commercial value?Black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)has a unique capacity for seed dispersal and high germination.Field surveys indicate that black locust increases its growing area with sprouting roots and the elongation of horizontal roots at a soil depth of 10 cm.Therefore,a method to regulate the development of horizontal roots could be eff ective in slowing the invasiveness of black locust.In this study,root barrier panels were tested to inhibit the growth of horizontal roots.Since it is labor intensive to observe the growth of roots in the fi eld,it was investigated in a nursery setting.The decrease in secondary fl ush,an increase in yellowed leafl ets,and the height in the seedlings were measured.Installing root barrier panels to a depth of 30 cm eff ectively inhibit the growth of horizontal roots of young black locust.

关键词： Black locust Horizontal roots Nutrients Root barrier panel Sprouting roots

Electromechanically reconfigurable plasmonic photodetector with a distinct shift in resonant wavelength

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第2期9卷 219-226页

作者： Masaaki Oshita shiro Saito Tetsuo Kan Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1ChofugaokaChofu-cityTokyo 182-8585Japan IMRA JAPAN CO. LTD2-36Hachiken-choKariyaAichi 448-8650Japan

Plasmonic photodetectors have received increasing attention because their detection properties can be designed by tailoring their metal structures on surfaces without using any additional components.Reconfiguration of the plasmonic resonant state in a photodetector is relevant for various applications,including investigating in situ adaptive detection property changes,depending on the situation,and performing single-pixel spectroscopy in geometrically limited regions.However,the spectral responsivity change with conventional reconfiguration methods is relatively small.Here,we propose a plasmonic photodetector that reconfigures its spectral responsivity with electromechanical deformation instead of bias tuning.The photodetector consists of a gold plasmonic grating formed on an n-type silicon cantilever,and the spectral responsivity is reconfigured by electromechanically scanning at an incident angle to the grating on the cantilever.The photodetector exhibits peak shifts in spectral responsivity in a wavelength range from 1250 to 1310 nm after electromechanical reconfiguration.Finally,for potential future applications,we demonstrate near-infrared spectroscopy using the photodetector.This photodetector has the potential to be adopted as a near-infrared spectrometer in industrial silicon imaging systems because its structure enables subbandgap photodetection on silicon by a Schottky junction.

关键词： tuning reconfigurable resonant

深山柳斑块在日本火山共栖物种时空格局中的作用

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第1期15卷 71-84页

作者： Miyuki Matsuda shiro Tsuyuzaki Division of Integrated Environmental Science Graduate School of Environmental Earth ScienceHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan IDEA Consultants Inc. 3-15-1 KomazawaSetagaya WardTokyo 154-8585Japan

灌木斑块通常能为定植物种提供支持,尤其是在具有压力和/或干扰的环境中,这种作用更明显。山地上的压力和干扰强度通常与海拔梯度有关,并会因灌木斑块(树冠和凋落物)而降低。本研究旨在利用火山上不同海拔高度的灌木斑块来阐明这些关系... 详细信息

灌木斑块通常能为定植物种提供支持,尤其是在具有压力和/或干扰的环境中,这种作用更明显。山地上的压力和干扰强度通常与海拔梯度有关,并会因灌木斑块(树冠和凋落物)而降低。本研究旨在利用火山上不同海拔高度的灌木斑块来阐明这些关系。从2005年早春到2006年夏季,我们在日本北部高丽山(海拔1131 m)的3个海拔高度监测了深山柳(Salix reinii)斑块内外所有地块中的所有嫩枝及其相关环境,例如温度、光照、湿度和化学成分。我们通过面积、分枝密度和凋落物厚度对斑块结构进行评价。研究结果表明,灌木斑块的结构在不同海拔之间并无差异。通过在整体上增加植物物种的丰富度,这些斑块提高了稀有物种的多样性。斑块内的水分、氮和磷含量均要高于斑块外。灌木斑块对于共栖物种的影响总体上是正向的,但对幼苗丰度、嫩枝存活率和开花的影响则是负面的。这些结果表明灌木斑块的生长格局决定了植物群落结构,并促成了植物的多样性。

关键词：海拔差异种间相互作用凋落物积累微环境灌丛斑块

Cellulose decomposition behavior in hot-compressed aprotic solvents

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第5期51卷 479-486页

作者： shiro SAKA Department of Socio-Environmental Energy Science Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto University

Microcrystalline cellulose (avicel) is treated in hot-compressed aprotic solvents,sulfolane and 1,4-dioxane,using a batch-type reaction system with a molten tin bath in a range from 290 to 390℃. The corresponding densities of the solvent are 0.25-1.26 g/cm3 and 0.21-1.03 g/cm3 for sulfolane and 1,4-dioxane,respectively. As a result,in both solvents,more than 90% of cellulose is found to be de-composed to the solvent-soluble portion in which levoglucosan is the main component with the high-est yield of about 35% on original cellulose basis. The decomposition rate to levoglucosan is,however,faster in sulfolane than in 1,4-dioxane,while levoglucosan is more stable in 1,4-dioxane. In addition,its yield is found to be solvent-density dependent to be highest around 0.4-0.5 g/cm3 for both solvents. To elucidate these decomposition behaviors,the results obtained in this study with aprotic solvents are compared with protic solvents such as water and methanol in previous works.

关键词： cellulose aprotic solvent solvent density decomposition behavior