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新农科背景下桑蚕人才培养体系构建——河池学院微辅修专业实例分析

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广东蚕业 2024年第3期58卷 11-14页

作者：赵海红覃玥刘吉平李晓东高丽霞王士强张世浩广西蚕桑生态学与智能化技术应用重点实验室广西河池546300 广西现代蚕桑丝绸协同创新中心广西河池546300 微生物及植物资源开发利用广西高校重点实验室广西河池546300 河池学院化学与生物工程学院广西河池546300

蚕桑产业是广西的支柱和特色优势产业,为现代农业发展作出了重要贡献,但目前仍然存在产业人才紧缺、地方高校人才培养没有真正落实到位等问题。文章通过分析河池学院前期桑蚕人才培养存在的问题及原因,阐述了桑蚕实用型人才培养新模式... 详细信息

蚕桑产业是广西的支柱和特色优势产业,为现代农业发展作出了重要贡献,但目前仍然存在产业人才紧缺、地方高校人才培养没有真正落实到位等问题。文章通过分析河池学院前期桑蚕人才培养存在的问题及原因,阐述了桑蚕实用型人才培养新模式——现代桑蚕关键技术微辅修专业的具体做法及成效,对新农科背景下培养地方产业紧缺人才、解决毕业生就业压力等问题具有极为重要的意义,也为兄弟院校培养地方产业紧缺人才提供借鉴和指导。

关键词：新农科蚕桑产业人才培养微辅修专业体系构建

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人巨细胞病毒与TGF-β及Smad信号通路相关性的研究进展

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中华微生物学和免疫学杂志 2022年第6期42卷 490-494页

作者：李琳尚世强浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院实验检验中心杭州310052

人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus, HCMV)是一种普遍存在于人群中的疱疹病毒, 一旦感染后可导致终生携带。在正常人群中, 感染HCMV后多表现为无症状的潜伏感染。但是在免疫功能低下的人群中, 潜伏的HCMV可被激活, 并且引起诸多严重... 详细信息

人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus, HCMV)是一种普遍存在于人群中的疱疹病毒, 一旦感染后可导致终生携带。在正常人群中, 感染HCMV后多表现为无症状的潜伏感染。但是在免疫功能低下的人群中, 潜伏的HCMV可被激活, 并且引起诸多严重疾病甚至死亡。转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)是众多细胞通路的强大调节剂, 其在炎症反应和细胞分化中具有重要作用, 在病毒感染中也起着重要的免疫调节作用, 其经典的Smad信号通路参与调控许多细胞活动, 包括细胞生长、细胞分化、细胞凋亡等。本文将对近年来人巨细胞病毒感染与TGF-β及其Smad信号通路相关性的研究进展作一综述。

关键词：人巨细胞病毒 TGF-β Smad信号通路感染

何时应该杜绝“搞变通”——一个非正式授权理论解释

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经济学报 2023年第3期10卷 311-333页

作者：李石强中国社会科学院大学经济学院

党的十九届四中全会提出要杜绝制度执行中“搞变通”的现象。本文构建了一个一般化的委托人具有事后私人信息的两期模型对此进行解释。模型表明,中央政府不会允许地方政府在无法观察社会环境冲击的情况下进行灵活变通。但是,如果社会环... 详细信息

党的十九届四中全会提出要杜绝制度执行中“搞变通”的现象。本文构建了一个一般化的委托人具有事后私人信息的两期模型对此进行解释。模型表明,中央政府不会允许地方政府在无法观察社会环境冲击的情况下进行灵活变通。但是,如果社会环境冲击幅度足够大,中央政府会允许有能力观察社会环境冲击的地方政府在第1期进行变通,然后在第2期沿用第1期的实际决策,以实现对冲击最好的应对。反之,如果社会环境较为稳定,中央政府对社会最优政策的认识清楚,那么从一开始就不会允许地方政府灵活变通,而是始终坚持执行最初的既定决策。

关键词：变通授权执行中央政府地方政府

Visual Flame Monitoring System Based on Two-Color Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第3期18卷 284-288页

作者： Fan Jiang Shi liu shiqiang liang Zhihong li Xueyao Wang Gang Lu Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Engineering Thermophysics) P. O. Box 2706 Beijing 100190 China School of Energy and Power Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China Department of Electronics University of Kent UK

Monitoring and control of combustion flames in utility boilers are required in order to optimize combustion conditions.This paper presents an instrumentation system for the concurrent measurement of the temperature distributionand soot concentration of flames developed on the two-color principle. This system consists of an endoscope,an optical assembly with optical filters, a CCD camera, a frame grabber and associated image processingsoftware. Experiments are performed on a methane-air combustor and the temperature fields and the soot concentrationscorresponding to the flame images are obtained. The results have demonstrated that the system is capableof performing on-line measurement of flame and temperature distribution, providing temporal and spatial characterizationof the combustion process. In addition, the combination of advanced optical sensing and digital imageprocessing technique can help to define the threshold by the analysis of the background noise. Furthermore, theutilization of the filter technique can enhance the image presentation effect to an extent.

关键词：火焰监测系统数字图像处理技术图像处理软件视觉测量仪器系统 CCD摄像头光学组件烟尘浓度

Spatial and temporal variabilities of rainstorms over China under climate change

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第4期31卷 479-496页

作者： HUANG Chang ZHANG shiqiang DONG linyao WANG Zucheng li linyi CUI Luming Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China Institute of Earth Surface System and Hazards Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Institute for Peat&Mire ResearchNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130021China School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430070China

Rainstorms are one of the extreme rainfall events that cause serious disasters,such as urban flooding and mountain torrents.Traditional studies have used rain gauge observations to analyze rainstorm events,but relevant information is usually missing in gauge-sparse areas.Satellite-derived precipitation datasets serve as excellent supplements or substitutes for the gauge observations.By developing a grid-based rainstorm-identification tool,we used the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission(TRMM)Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA)time series product to reveal the spatial and temporal variabilities of rainstorms over China during 1998–2017.Significant patterns of both increasing and decreasing rainstorm occurrences were detected,with no spatially uniform trend being observed across the whole country.There was an increase in the area being affected by rainstorms during the 20-year period,with rainstorm centers shifting along the southwest–northeast direction.Rainstorm occurrence was found to be correlated with local total precipitation.By comparing rainstorm occurrence with climate variables such as the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation,we also found that climate change was likely to be the primary reason for rainstorm occurrence in China.This study complements previous studies that used gauge observations by providing a better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of China’s rainstorms.

关键词： climate change extreme precipitation meteorology rainfall satellite precipitation data

Effects of high-energy-pulse-electron beam radiation on biomacromolecules

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第1期51卷 86-91页

作者： ZHU Hong XU JingZao li shiqiang SUN XiaoYu YAO SiDe WANG ShiLong School of life Science and Technology TongJi UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

To study the molecular mechanism of high mutation frequency induced by high-energy-pulse-electron (HEPE) beam radiation, the effects of HEPE radiation on yeast cells, plasma membrane, plasmid DNA, and protein activity were investigated by means of cell counting, gel electrophoresis, AO/EB double fluorescent staining, etc. The results showed that the viability of yeast cells declined statistically with increase of absorbed doses. The half lethal dose (LD50) was 134 Gy. HEPE beam radiation had little influence on the function of plasma membrane and protein, while it could induce much DNA damage of single strand breaks (SSB) and double strand breaks (DSB) that were required for gene mutation. The G-value for DSB formation of HEPE beam radiation in aqueous solution was 5.7 times higher than that caused by 60Co gamma rays. HEPE can be a new effective method for induced mutation breeding and deserves further research in the future.

关键词： high-energy-pulse-electron beam biomacromolecule radiation damage

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“影响活动”与“防火墙”制度建设

中国经济问题 2022年第4期 81-93页

作者：李石强中国社会科学院大学经济学院

当企业或政府需要搜集一项不可验证信息来为相关决策提供支持时,是委派专门的调查者,还是由执行者同时负责调查,甚至将决策权也授予执行者?本文模型表明,当委托人与执行者偏好差异较小时,会优先寻找专门调查者,但需要存在足够高的防火... 详细信息

当企业或政府需要搜集一项不可验证信息来为相关决策提供支持时,是委派专门的调查者,还是由执行者同时负责调查,甚至将决策权也授予执行者?本文模型表明,当委托人与执行者偏好差异较小时,会优先寻找专门调查者,但需要存在足够高的防火墙来阻止执行者对调查者的影响活动,确保后者的独立性。否则,如果委托人找不到具有足够独立性的调查者,就会选择完全授权。当委托人与执行者偏好差异较大时,则会直接选择专门调查者这一形式。本文的研究框架及获得的结论可以解释我国国家治理体系中的许多相关现象。

关键词：影响活动防火墙信息传递组织形式国家治理体系

Core-shell CdS@ZIF-8 structures for improved selectivity in photocatalytic H2 generation from formic acid

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Nano Research 2016年第9期9卷 2729-2734页

作者： Min Zeng Zhigang Chai Xin Deng Qi li shiqiang Feng Juan Wang Dongsheng Xu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Ministry of Education of ChinaWuhan 430062China

Encapsulating well-defined nanoparticles (NPs) into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to form core–shell structures not only combines their properties, but may also provide synergistic functionality. Much research attention has been focused on applying core–shell NP@MOF structures to gas storage and sensing, luminescence, lithium ion batteries, selective catalysis, and cascade reactions; however, their application as photocatalysts has been reported much more rarely. Herein, we report the design of a new core–shell structure composed of semiconductor CdS NPs as the core and ZIF-8 as the shell. Both single-core–shell and multiple-core–shell CdS@ZIF-8 were synthesized by varying the concentrations of the ZIF-8 precursor. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid over CdS@ZIF-8 demonstrated that core–shell CdS@ZIF-8 structures exhibit increased photocatalytic selectivity for H2 generation from formic acid compared with pure CdS NPs. Furthermore, the concentration of CO in the products was significantly decreased, which benefits the application of CdS@ZIF-8 to proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Our results provide guidance for the development of new photocatalysts based on NP@MOF core–shell materials.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) cadmium sulfide core-shell photocatalytic H2 generation formic acid selectivity

Seasonal distribution of increased precipitation in maternal environments influences offspring performance of Potentilla tanacetifolia in a temperate steppe ecosystem

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 742-750页

作者： Yang li Longyu Hou Bing Song shiqiang Wan Xiaoqin Sun linghao li Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an 710061China Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources Xi’an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China College of life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology(ESPRE) Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Aims Precipitation is predicted to increase in arid and semiarid regions under climate change,with greater changes in intra-and interannual distribution in the future.As a major limiting factor in these regions,changes in precipitation undoubtedly influence plant growth and productivity.However,how the temporal shifts in pre-cipitation will impact plant populations are uncertain.Methods A 3-year field experiment and a greenhouse experiment were conducted in a temperate grassland in northern China to examine the impacts of seasonal(spring and summer)increased precipitation on offspring performance of a common species,Potentilla tanacetifolia.Important Findings Our results showed that the amounts and timing of increased precipitation both played important roles in regulating offspring performance of P.tanacetifolia in the temperate steppe ecosystem.Increased precipitation in spring at maternal stage stimulated seed production,germination percentage and seedling biomass,whereas increased precipitation in summer at maternal stage stimulated seedling biomass.The timing of increased precipitation influenced seed attributes,whereas the amount of increased precipitation influenced offspring seedling biomass.Our results indicate that population development of P.tanacetifolia may be underestimated under future increased precipitation regime,if the transgenerational effect is not taken into account.

关键词： precipitation regime seed traits seedling growth semiarid grassland