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Land use change detection in Solan Forest Division,Himachal Pradesh,India

Forest Ecosystems 2015年第4期2卷 327-338页

作者： shipra shah DP Sharma Department of Forestry College of AgricultureFisheries and ForestryFiji National University Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry Dr.Y.S.Parmar University of Horiculture and Forestry

Background： Monitoring the changing pattern of vegetation across diverse landscapes through remote sensing is instrumental in understanding the interactions of human activities and the ecological environment. Land use pattern i the state of Himachal Pradesh in the Indian Western Himalayas has been undergoing rapid modifications due to changing cropping patterns, rising anthropogenic pressure on forests and government policies. We studied land use change in Solan Forest Division of Himachal Pradesh to assess species wise area changes in the forests of the region. Methods： The supervised classification （Maximum likelihood） on two dates of IRS （LISS III） satellite data was performed to assess land use change over the period 1998-2010. Results： Seven land use categories were identified namely, chir pine （Pinus roxburghii） forest, broadleaved forest, bamboo （Dendrocolamus strictus） forest, ban oak （Quercus leucotrichophora） forest, khair （Acacia catechu） forest, culturable blank and cultivation. The area under chir pine, cultivation and khair forests increased by 191 ha （4.55 %）, 129 ha （13.81%） and 77 ha （23.40 %）, whereas the area under ban oak, broadleaved, culturable blank and bamboo decreased by 181 ha （16.58 %）, 152 ha （6.30 %）, 71 ha （2.72 %） and 7 ha （0.47 %）, respectively. Conclusions： The study revealed a decrease in the area under forest and culturable blank categories and a simultaneous increase in the area under cultivation primarily due to the large scale introduction of horticultural cash crops in the state. The composition of forests also exhibited some major changes, with an increase in the area of commercially important monoculture plantation species such as pine and khair, and a decline in the area of oak, broadleaved and bamboo which are facing a high anthropogenic pressure in meeting the livelihood demands of forest dependent communities. In time deforestation, forest degradation and ecological imbalances due to the changing forest species compositio

关键词： Land use Solan Forest Division Supervised Classification Maximum likelihood

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Ethnomedicinal knowledge of indigenous communities and pharmaceutical potential of rainforest ecosystems in Fiji Islands

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 244-249页

作者： shipra shah Jahangeer A.Bhat Department of Forestry College of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry Nausori Fiji National University

The World Health Organization recently raised concerns about antimicrobial resistance and lack of novel antibiotics in the health sector. The success rate of drug discovery is higher when chemical constituents are sourced from natural products and when drug candidates are based on the indigenous knowledge of local communities. Tropical rainforests are an important source of medicinal plants for traditional healthcare systems. The pharmaceutical industry also recognizes the potential of rainforests in novel drug development. However, habitat degradation and loss of traditional knowledge are endangering the healing powers of nature. The islands of Fiji have a rich cultural history of traditional medicine and a number of medicinal plants are sourced from the country's rainforest ecosystems. While deforestation and forest degradation are decimating unique rainforest biodiversity and reducing access to medicinal plants in the wild, inter-generational erosion of ethnobotanical knowledge is attributed to acculturation, rural-urban migration and their effects on the transmission of oral traditions from one generation to another. Under these conditions, plants may disappear before their therapeutic value is formally identified. This review summarizes the importance of traditional medicinal knowledge and the potential for drug discovery from the tropical rainforest ecosystems of Fiji. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed to realize the true potential of ethnopharmacology in this country.

关键词： Medicinal plants Rainforest Ethnomedicine Traditional knowledge Fiji Islands Drug discovery

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Temporal Variations in Carbon Stock of Pinus roxburghii Sargent Forests of Himachal Pradesh,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 959-966页

作者： shipra shah Dharam Prakash SHARMA Nazir A.PALA Priyanka TRIPATHI Munesh KUMAR Department of Silviculture & Agroforestry College of Forestry Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry Nauni Solan 173230 India Departments of Forestry Faculty of Horticulture UBKV Pundibari Cooch Behar 736165 India Department of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 249161 India

The present study was conducted in Solan Forest Division of Himachal Pradesh covering an area of about 57,158 ha. The aim was to estimate and assess the temporal change in carbon stock of the Chil Working Circle, in two forest ranges of the Division, Solan and Dharampur, over the period of 1956-2011. The inventory data of the working plans of Solan Forest Division from 1956-1957, 1984-1985 and 2002-2003 were used in the present study while field data for biomass estimation was collected for the year *** results showed a declining trend in carbon stock over 1956-1984 period, however, an increasing trend over 1984-2002 was observed, which showed a further increase for the period 2002-2011. These fluctuating trends in the forest carbon stock can be related to increasing anthropogenic pressure on forests and the subsequent introduction of a ban on green felling envisaging efficient forest management, both of which affect the forest carbon pool significantly.

关键词： Carbon stock Temporal change Climatechange Forest inventory

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Establishing the relationship between land use land cover,normalized difference vegetation index and land surface temperature:A case of Lower Son River Basin,India

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 265-275页

作者： shipra Singh Pankaj Kumar Rakhi Parijat Barbaros Gonengcil Abhinav Rai Department of Geography Miranda HouseUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The study explores the intricate interplay between land use land cover(LULC),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land surface temperature(LST)within the Lower Son River Basin in India from 1991 to *** region’s ecological balance has been increasingly strained due to rapid urbanization and changing land use *** a combination of Landsat TM&OLI/TIRS satellite imageries and geospatial analysis techniques,this study unveils the intricate connection between land use and land cover changes,vegetation,and land surface temperature *** study area is classified into three altitudinal zones(Zone Ⅰ:39–300 m,Zone Ⅱ:301–600 m and Zone Ⅲ:601–1,247 m)to examine the changes in *** area has seen significant changes in LULC,vegetation and LST in all the three altitudinal *** findings hold significant implications for sustainable land management and environmental conservation strategies in the Lower Son River *** per the result,103,438 ha of vegetation was converted into agriculture land and 82,572 ha of agricultural land was transformed into settlements from 1991 to *** trend shows human pressure on the land resource in the study *** increase in water body is seen which is attributed to commissioning of Bansagar *** Ⅰ has seen highest settlement growth while Zone Ⅲ experienced severe deforestation of around 15%.Zone Ⅱ and Ⅲ needs attention for holistic *** of LST shows that it has increased by 0.82℃ from 1991 to 2020 which is a red *** study underscores the critical importance of balanced land use practices to preserve ecological integrity and mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and climate change.

关键词： Lower Son River Basin LULC LST NDVI Correlation

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Acoustical Studies of Some Schiff Bases in 1,4-Dioxane and Dimethylformamide at 318.15 K

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2006年第10期24卷 1327-1331页

作者： BALUJA shipra Department of Chemistry Saurashtra University Rajkot-360005 Gujarat India

From experimental data of density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity, the various acoustical properties, such as specific impedance （Z）, isentropic compressibility （xs）, Rao＇s molar sound function （Rm）, the van der Waals constant （b）, molar compressibility （W）, intermolecular free length （Lf）, relaxation strength （r）, internal pressure （π）, free volume （Ve）, solvation number （Sn） etc., were calculated for three Schiff bases in 1,4-dioxane and dimethylformamide （DMF） at 318.15 K. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interactions occurring in the solutions.

关键词： Schiff base 1,4-dioxane DMF ultrasonic velocity density viscosity

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A review of TiO_2 nanoparticles

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第16期56卷 1639-1657页

作者： GUPTA shipra Mital TRIPATHI Manoj University School of Basic and Applied Sciences Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversitySector 16C DwarkaDelhi 110075India

Climate change and the consumption of non-renewable resources are considered as the greatest problems facing *** of this,photocatalysis research has been rapidly ***2 nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for photocatalytic applications including the decomposition of organic compounds and production of H2 as a fuel using solar energy. This article reviews the structure and electronic properties of TiO2,compares TiO2 with other common semiconductors used for photocatalytic applications and clarifies the advantages of using TiO2 ***2 is considered close to an ideal semi- conductor for photocatalysis but possesses certain limitations such as poor absorption of visible radiation and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron/hole *** this review article,various methods used to enhance the photocatalytic characteristics of TiO2 including dye sensitization,doping,coupling and capping are *** and energy applications of TiO2, including photocatalytic treatment of wastewater,pesticide degradation and water splitting to produce hydrogen have been summarized.

关键词：纳米二氧化钛光催化特性审查不可再生资源催化应用可见光辐射光催化处理气候变化

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Telemonitoring in heart failure patients:Systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第12期14卷 640-656页

作者： Chukwuemeka Anthony Umeh Adrian Torbela shipra Saigal Harpreet Kaur Shadi Kazourra Rahul Gupta Shivang shah Internal Medicine Hemet Global Medical CenterHemetCA 92543United States Department of Cardiology Loma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCA 92350United States Department of Cardiology University of California Riverside School of MedicineRiversideCA 92507United States

BACKGROUND Home telemonitoring has been used as a modality to prevent readmission and improve outcomes for patients with heart ***,studies have produced conflicting outcomes over the *** To determine the aggregate effect of telemonitoring on all-cause mortality,heart failure-related mortality,all-cause hospitalization,and heart failure-related hospitalization in heart failure *** We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 home telemonitoring randomized controlled trials involving 14993 *** also conducted a sensitivity analysis to examine the effect of telemonitoring duration,recent heart failure hospitalization,and age on telemonitoring *** Our study demonstrated that home telemonitoring in heart failure patients was associated with reduced all-cause[relative risk(RR)=0.83,95% confidence interval(CI):0.75-0.92,P=0.001]and cardiovascular mortality(RR=0.66,95%CI:0.54-0.81,P<0.001).Additionally,telemonitoring decreased the all-cause hospitalization(RR=0.87,95%CI:0.80-0.94,P=0.002)but did not decrease heart failurerelated hospitalization(RR=0.88,95%CI:0.77-1.01,P=0.066).However,prolonged home telemonitoring(12 mo or more)was associated with both decreased all-cause and heart failure hospitalization,unlike shorter duration(6 mo or less)*** Home telemonitoring using digital/broadband/satellite/wireless or blue-tooth transmission of physiological data reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in heart failure *** addition,prolonged telemonitoring(≥12 mo)reduces all-cause and heart failure-related *** implication for practice is that hospitals considering telemonitoring to reduce heart failure readmission rates may need to plan for prolonged telemonitoring to see the effect they are looking for.

关键词： Telemonitoring Heart failure Telehealth Home monitoring Remote monitoring

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User Association in Ultra-Dense Small Cell Dynamic Vehicular Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Approach

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2019年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： shipra Kapoor David Grace Tim Clarke Department of Electronic Engineering University of YorkYO105DDUnited Kingdom

Network densification is envisioned as one of the key enabling technologies in the next generation and beyond wireless networks to satisfy the demand of high coverage and capacity whilst deliver an ultra-reliable low latency communication services especially to the users on the *** of the fundamental tasks in wireless networks is user *** the case of ultra-dense vehicular networks,due to the dense deployment and small coverage of the eNodeBs,there may be more than one eNodeB that may simultaneously satisfy the conventional maximum radio signal strength user association *** addition to this,the spatial-temporal vehicle distribution in dynamic environments contribute significantly towards the rapidly changing radio environment that substantially impacts the user association,therefore,the network performance and user *** paper addresses the problem of user association in dynamic environments by proposing intelligent user association approach,variable-reward,quality-aware Q-learning(VR-QAQL)that has an ability to strike a balance between the number of handovers per transmission and system performance whilst a guaranteed network quality of service is *** VR-QAQL technique integrates the control-theoretic concepts and the reinforcement learning approach in an LTE uplink,using the framework of an urban vehicular *** algorithm is assessed using large-scale simulation on a highway scenario at different vehicle speeds in an urban *** results demonstrate that the proposed VR-QAQL algorithm outperforms all the other investigated approaches across all mobility levels.

关键词： 5G access protocols adaptive algorithm control design dynamic range handover machine learning algorithms multiagent systems radio access networks uplink user centered design

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Bio-effects of 5th generation electromagnetic waves on organs of human beings

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Global Health Journal 2023年第4期7卷 206-211页

作者： Amit Verma Vijay Kumar shipra Gupta Graphic Era Hill University DehardunUttrakhand 248001India

Objectives:The uses of devices of electromagnetic waves(EMWs)are increasing day by ***,the generation of the waves is *** frequency spectrum of the generation of waves is also *** this manuscript,an analysis of the high frequency EMWs has been made by the electric fields generated due to the exposure of 5th generation(5 G)of mobile ***:Due to the emission of waves from the towers,the electric field is generated around the transmission tower of mobile *** electric fields are computed by the power of the transmission *** electric fields across the biological tissues/cells are also computed when the EMWs penetrate inside the *** electric fields are made across the organs of different depths inside the ***:The induced electric fields inside the organs of the human beings are responsible for the absorption of energy from high frequency *** absorbed amount of energy from high frequency waves may become the cause of harmful effects on the life of organs of human ***:In this manuscript,after analysis of the computed electric fields inside the organs of human beings,it is concluded that the EMWs of 5 G spectrum of mobile phone towers may more harmful for the life of organs as 4th generation(4 G)spectrum of mobile phone *** energy absorption by the 4 G spectrum is lower than 5 G spectrum due to the range of frequency of *** effects on the pancreas,retina,skin,intestine,spleen,stomach and uterus are more than low water content organs like nails,bone,teeth etc.

关键词： Fifth generation Electromagneticwaves Mobile phonetowers Bio-effects Human beings tissues Organs

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Studies on Thermodynamic Properties of Some Imidazolinone Derivatives in DMF at 308.15 K

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2010年第2期18卷 306-311页

作者： shipra Baluja Asif Solanki Nikunj Kachhadia Department of Chemistry Saurashtra University Rajkot-360005 India

Density,ultrasonic velocity and viscosity of imidazolinone derivatives are studied in dimethyl formamide(DMF) at 308.15 *** the experimental data,various acoustical parameters,such as specific impedance Z,isentropic compressibilityκs,Rao's molar sound function Rm,van der Waals constant b,relaxation strength r,intermolecular free length Lf,internal pressureπ,solvation number Sn,relative association RA,*** evaluated,which helps in understanding the molecular interactions occurring in these solutions.

关键词： imidazolinone derivatives ultrasonic study acoustical parameters dimethyl formamide

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