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Maintenance time of sedative effects after an intravenous infusion of diazepam: A guide for endoscopy using diazepam

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第33期14卷 5197-5203页

作者： Mitsushige Sugimoto Takahisa Furuta Akiko Nakamura Naohito Shirai Mutsuhiro Ikuma Shingen Misaka shinya uchida Hiroshi Watanabe Kyoichi Ohashi Takashi Ishizaki Akira Hishida First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine1-20-1 Handayama Higashi-ku Hamamatsu 431-3192 Japan Center for Clinical Research Hamamatsu University School of Medicine1-20-1 Handayama Higashi-ku Hamamatsu 431-3192 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Enshu General Hospital1-1-1 Tyuou Naka-ku Hamamatsu 430-0929 Japan Department of Pharmacoki-netics and Pharmacodynamics School of Pharmaceutics Sciences University of Shizuoka52-1 Yada Suruga-ku Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine1-20-1 Handayama Higashi-ku Hamamatsu 431-3192 Japan Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Oita University1-1 Idaigaoka Hazama Yufu 879-5593 Japan

AIM: To examine whether the sedative effects assessed by psychomotor tests would depend on the cytochrome P450 (CYP ) 2C19 genotypes after an infusion regimen of diazepam commonly used forgastrointestinal endoscopy in Japan. METHODS: Fifteen healthy Japanese volunteers consisting of three different CYP2C19 genotype groups underwent a critical ? icker fusion test, an eye movement analysis and a postural sway test as a test for physical sedative effects, and a visual analog scale (VAS) symptom assessment method as a test for mental sedative effects during the 336 h period after the intravenous infusion of diazepam (5 mg). RESULTS: The physical sedative effects assessed by the critical flicker test continued for 1 h (t values of 5 min, 30 min and 60 min later: 4.35, 5.00 and 3.19, respectively) and those by the moving radial area of a postural sway test continued for 3 h (t values of 5 h, 30 h, 60 min and 3 h later: -4.05, -3.42, -2.17 and -2.58, respectively), which changed significantly compared with the baseline level before infusion (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the mental sedative effects by the VAS method improved within 1 h. The CYP2C19 genotype-dependent differences in the postinfusion sedative effects were not observed in any of the four psychomotor function tests. CONCLUSION: With the psychomotor tests, the objective sedative effects of diazepam continued for 1 h to 3 h irrespective of CYP2C19 genotype status and the subjective sedative symptoms improved within 1 h. Up to 3 h of clinical care appears to be required after the infusion of diazepam, although patients feel subjectively improved.

关键词： Diazepam Sedation cytochrome P450(CYP) 2C19 Endoscopy Complication Critical flicker fusion test Eye movement analysis Postural sway test Visual analog scale

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Short-Term Drug-Drug Interaction between Sildenafil and Bosentan under Long-Term Use in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第7期4卷 542-548页

作者： Sachiko Miyakawa Keiichi Odagiri Naoki Inui Akio Hakamata Takahiro Goto Shimako Tanaka shinya uchida Noriyuki Namiki Hiroshi Watanabe Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan Department of Drug Evaluation and Informatics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science School of Pharmaceutical Science University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan.

Sildenafil and bosentan are often co-administered for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) treatment. The plasma concentration of sildenafil can be decreased by half if co-administered with bosentan. Many patients take these agents simultaneously in the morning and the evening. The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil which was interfered with bosentan administration to ascertain whether these agents should be given concomitantly or separately. A two-way crossover study was conducted in 6 PAH patients with combination therapy of sildenafil and bosentan. Participants underwent the sequence of treatment phases: phase S (sildenafil administered 3 h before bosen-tan);phase B (bosentan administered 3 h before sildenafil);and phase C (administered concomitantly). Blood samples were collected on the last day of each phase. There was no significant difference in maximum plasma concentration or area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-8) between phase C and phase S (95.5 ± 24.8 vs. 72.9 ± 40.9 (p = 0.07), 209.7 ± 81.8 vs. 180.2 ± 126.4 (p = 0.24), respectively) or between phases C and B (87.8 ± 42.0 vs. 99.6 ± 33.9 (p = 0.59), 197.2 ± 88.2 vs. 240.7 ± 121.8 (p = 0.19), respectively) (ng/mL, mean ± standard deviation). Large intra-and inter-individual variability in sildenafil concentration was noted. The timing of administration of sildenafil and bosentan does not significantly influence the plasma concentration of sildenafil. Physicians do not need to be overly concerned about the timing of administration of these drugs to maximize the sildenafil concentration.

关键词： Drug-Drug Interaction Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Sildenafil Bosentan Pharmacokinetics

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Integrally Closed Ideals of Reduction Number Three

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Algebra Colloquium 2023年第2期30卷 315-324页

作者： shinya Kumashiro National Institute of Technology(KOSEN) Oyama College 771 NakakukiOyamaTochigi323-0806Japan

In a Cohen-Macaulay local ring(A,m),we study the Hilbert function of an integrally closed m-primary ideal I whose reduction number is three.,With a mild assump-tion we give an inequality ιA(A/I)≥e0(I)-e1(I)+(e2(I)+lA(I^(2)/QI)/2,where ei(I)denotes the ith Hilbert coeficient and Q denotes a minimal reduction of *** inequality is located between inequalities of Itoh and ***,this inequality be-comes an equality if and only if the depth of the associated graded ring of I is larger than or equal to dim *** also study the Cohen-Macaulayness of the associated graded rings of determinantal rings.

关键词： Hilbert function Rees algebra associated graded ring Sally module Cohen-Macaulay ring

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Effect of Self-adhesive Resin Cement and Tribochemical Treatment on Bond Strength to Zirconia

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International Journal of Oral Science 2010年第1期2卷 28-34页

作者： Akikazu shinya Harunori Gomi Akiyoshi shinya Department of Crown and Bridge School of Life Dentistry at TokyoThe Nippon Dental University

Aim To evaluate the interactive effects of different self- adhesive resin cements and tribochemical treatment on bond strength to zirconia. Methodology The following self-adhesive resin cements for bonding two zirconia blocks were evaluated： Maxcem （MA）, Smartcem （SM）, Rely X Unicem Aplicap （UN）, Breeze （BR）, Biscem （BI）, Set （SE）, and Clearfil SA luting （CL）. The specimens were grouped according to conditioning as follows： Group 1, polishing with 600 grit polishing paper; Group 2, silica coating with 110 μm Al2O3 particles which modified with silica; and, Group 3, tribochemical treatment - silica coating ＋ silanization. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours before testing shear bond strength. Results Silica coating and tribochemical treatment significantly increased the bond strength of the MA, UN, BR, B1, SE and CL to zirconia compared to #600 polishing. For both #600 polished and silica coating treatments, MDP- containing self-adhesive resin cement CL had the highest bond strengths to zirconia. Conclusion Applying silica coating and tribochemical treatment improved the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to zirconia, especially for CL.

关键词： self-adhesive resin cement zirconia silica coating tribochemical treatment bond strength

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Effects of hydraulic oil and lubricant additives on dynamic friction properties under various reciprocating sliding conditions

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Friction 2020年第2期8卷 471-480页

作者： Shinji KATO shinya SASAKI Engineering Headquarters Automotive ComponentsKYB Corporation2548DolaKani-shiGifu 509-0298Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Division ITokyo University of Science6-3-1NiijukuKatsushika-kuTokyo 125-8585Japan

The friction characteristics of a shock absorber are very complex because the reciprocating motion is not always *** this study,a device was developed and used to analyze the dynamic friction characteristics under various reciprocating sliding conditions to determine the sliding materials and hydraulic oils that improve the shock absorber *** study describes the influence of hydraulic oil additive on the fine reciprocating friction characteristics of steel and copper *** oils were prepared by blending a paraffinic mineral oil with zinc dithiophosphate(ZnDTP)and polyhydric alcohol ester as *** results show that the dynamic frictional characteristics vary mainly depending on the additive concentration.A specific additive formulation induces a unique amplitude-dependent friction *** addition,the influence of different additives on the lubrication mechanism is investigated based on the instrumental analysis of the friction surface.

关键词： shock absorber dynamic friction reciprocating friction additive zinc dithiophosphate(ZnDTP)

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Novel image-enhanced endoscopy with i-scan technology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1043-1049页

作者： shinya Kodashima Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery Graduate School of MedicineThe University of Tokyo

i-scan technology is the newly developed imageenhanced endoscopy technology from PENTAX,*** consists of three types of algorithms:surface enhancement (SE),contrast enhancement (CE),and tone enhancement (TE).SE enhances light-dark contrast by obtaining luminance intensity data for each pixel and applying an algorithm that allows detailed observation of a mucosal surface *** digitally adds blue color in relatively dark areas,by obtaining luminance intensity data for each pixel and applying an algorithm that allows detailed observation of subtle irregularities around the *** enhancement functions work in real time without impairing the original color of the organ,therefore,SE and CE are suitable for screening endoscopy to detect gastrointestinal tumors at an early *** dissects and analyzes the individual RGB components of a normal *** algorithm then alters the color frequencies of each component and recombines the components to a single,new color *** is designed to enhance minute mucosal structures and subtle changes in *** works in real time and consists of three modes such as TE-g for gastric tumors,TE-c for colonic tumors,and TE-e for esophageal *** is suitable mainly for detailed examination of the lesions that are detected in a screening endoscopy.i-scan technology leads us to easier detection,diagnosis and treatment of gastroi ntestinal diseases.

关键词： Gastrointestinal tumor Gastrointestinal endoscopy

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Towards a unified interpretation of the early Universe in R^(2)-corrected dark energy model of F(R)gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第10期46卷 259-269页

作者： Hua Chen Taishi Katsuragawa shinya Matsuzaki Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

R^(2)-corrected dark energy(DE)models in F(R)gravity have been widely investigated in recent years,which not only removes the weak singularity potentially present in DE models but also provide us with a unified picture of the cosmic history,including the inflationary and DE *** the unified interpretation of dynamical DE all over the cosmic history in the class of R^(2)-corrected DE models,we explore the universal features of the scalaron dynamics in the radiation-dominated epoch,along with the chameleon mechanism,by keeping our eyes on the inflationary and DE *** show that the scalaron evolution does not follow a surfing solution and is mostly adiabatic before big bang nucleosynthesis(BBN),even properly including the kick by the nonperturbative QCD phase transition,hence a catastrophic consequence claimed in the literature is not applied to this class of DE *** is due to the presence of the gigantic scale hierarchy between R^(2) correction and DE,so is the universal feature for the class of R^(2)-corrected DE *** prospects for the post-or onset-inflationary epoch would be pretty different from what the standard R^(2) inflationary scenario undergoes due to the presence of the chameleon mechanism.

关键词： modified gravity dark energy inflation

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Unified interpretation of scalegenesis in conformally extended standard models:a dynamical origin of Higgs portal

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第11期44卷 7-13页

作者： Hiroyuki Ishida shinya Matsuzaki Ruiwen Ouyang Theory Center IPNSKEKTsukubaIbaraki 305-0801Japan Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Laboratory of High Energy and Computational Physics National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsRavala pst.1010143 TallinnEstonia

We present a universal interpretation of a class of conformal extended standard models that include Higgs portal interactions as realized in low-energy effective *** scale generation mechanism in this class(scalegenesis)arises along the(nearly)conformal/flat direction for breaking scale symmetry,where the electroweak symmetry-breaking structure arises similarly as in the standard model.A dynamical origin for the Higgs portal coupling can provide the discriminator for the low-energy“universality class,”to be probed in forthcoming collider experiments.

关键词： beyond standard model hidden QCD conformal symmetry

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Attenuation and Distortion of Compression Waves Propagating in Very Long Tube

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第1期20卷 53-57页

作者： shinya NAKAMURA Daisuke SASA Toshiyuki AOKI Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityKasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan

A lot of phenomena related to propagating various waves are seen when the high-speed train goes through the tunnel,the gas pipeline is broken due to an accident or the air brake of the wagon *** instance,a compression wave generated ahead of a high-speed train entering a tunnel propagates to the tunnel exit and spouts as a micro pressure wave,which causes an exploding *** order to estimate the magnitude correctly,the mechanism of the attenuation and distortion of a compression wave propagating along a very long tunnel must be understood and the experimental information on these phenomena is *** experimental investigation is carried out to clarify the attenuation and distortion of the propagating compression wave in a very long *** results show that the strength of a compression wave decreases with *** attenuation and distortion of compression waves are affected by the initial waveform of the compression wave and by the unsteady boundary layer induced by the propagating *** shape of a compression wave becomes different with the propagating distance;that is,a shock wave appears just head of a wavefront and an overshoot on pressure distribution is observed behind a shock wave due to the transition of the unsteady boundary layer.

关键词： Propagating Compression Wave Very Long Tube Micro-pressure Wave High-Speed Train

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Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of water-immersion colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第21期21卷 6451-6459页

作者： shinya Sugimoto Takeshi Mizukami Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of Medicine Endoscopy Center NHO Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center

Colonoscopy techniques combining or replacing air insufflation with water infusion are becoming *** were originally designed to reduce colonic spasms,facilitate cecal intubation,and lower patient discomfort and the need for *** maneuvers straighten the rectosigmoid colon and enable the colonoscope to be inserted deeply without causing looping of the ***-immersion colonoscopy minimizes colonic distension and improves visibility by introducing a small amount of *** addition,since pain during colonoscopy indicates risk of bowel perforation and sedation masks this important warning,this method has the potential to be the favored insertion technique because it promotes patient safety without ***,this water-immersion method has not only been used for colonoscope insertion,but has also been applied to therapy for sigmoid volvulus,removal of lesions,lower gastrointestinal bleeding,and therapeutic diagnosis of abnormal bowel morphology and irritable bowel *** a larger sample size and prospective head-to-head-designed studies will be needed,this review focuses on the usefulness of waterimmersion colonoscopy for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

关键词： Colonoscopy Water immersion Waterexchange Underwater Unsedated Sigmoid volvulus Detorsion Polypectomy Gastrointestinal bleeding Irritable bowel syndrome

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