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Estimating effective reproduction number revisited

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1063-1078页

作者： shinsuke Koyama Department of Statistical Modeling The Institute of Statistical Mathematics10-3 Midori-choTachikawa190-8562TokyoJapan Department of Statistical Science Graduate University for Advanced Studies(SOKENDAI)10-3 Midori-choTachikawa190-8562TokyoJapan

Accurately estimating the effective reproduction number is crucial for characterizing the transmissibility of infectious diseases to optimize interventions and responses during epidemic *** this study,we improve the estimation of the effective reproduction number through two main ***,we derive a discrete model to represent a time series of case counts and propose an estimation method based on this *** also conduct numerical experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed discretization *** doing so,we enhance the accuracy of approximating the underlying epidemic process compared to previous methods,even when the counting period is similar to the mean generation time of an infectious ***,we employ a negative binomial distribution to model the variability of count data to accommodate ***,given that observed incidence counts follow a negative binomial distribution,the posterior distribution of secondary infections is obtained as a Dirichlet multinomial *** this formulation,we establish posterior uncertainty bounds for the effective reproduction ***,we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method using incidence data from the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Effective reproduction number Epidemic model Overdispersion COVID-19

Semi-3D cultures using Laminin 221 as a coating material for human induced pluripotent stem cells

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 775-793页

作者： Yoshiki Nakashima shinsuke Yoshida Masayoshi Tsukahara Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation(CiRA Foundation) Facility for iPS Cell Therapy(FiT)Kyoto 606-8397Japan

It was previously believed that human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)did not show adhesion to the coating material Laminin 221,which is known to have specific affinity for *** this study,we report that human mononuclear cell-derived hiPSCs,established with Sendai virus vector,form peninsular-like colonies rather than embryonic stem cell-like colonies;these peninsular-like colonies can be passaged more than 10 times after ***,initializationdeficient cells with residual Sendai virus vector adhered to the coating material Laminin 511 but not to Laminin ***,the expression of undifferentiated markers tended to be higher in hiPSCs established on Laminin 221 than on Laminin *** Laminin 221,hiPSCs15M66 showed a semi-floating colony *** expression of various markers of cell polarity was significantly lower in hiPSCs cultured on Laminin 221 than in hiPSCs cultured on Laminin ***,201B7 and 15M66 hiPSCs showed 3D cardiomyocyte differentiation on Laminin ***,the coating material Laminin 221 provides semi-floating culture conditions for the establishment,culture and induced differentiation of hiPSCs.

关键词： human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs) regenerative medicine coating material cardiomyocyte therapeutic cells

Surge Control of a Centrifugal Compression System by Using a Bouncing Ball

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第2期17卷 141-146页

作者： Yuichiro Asaga Shimpei Mizuki Hoshio Tsujita shinsuke Ohta Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHosei University Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.

The purpose of this study is to suppress the fluctuations of surge by a simple passive control method. A bouncing ball system with different weight of the balls was tested. As a result, the bouncing ball system suppressed mild surge without the deterioration of the performance characteristics, and moved the initiation point of surge toward the lower flow rate when the steel ball of 15mm outer diameter was used. The present system was effective to suppress the surge and to widen the stable operating range of a centrifugal compressor when the ball was chosen appropriately.

关键词： centrifugal compressor surge passive control bouncing ball

Propofol sedation during endoscopic treatment for early gastric cancer compared to midazolam

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 11985-11990页

作者： shinsuke Kiriyama Hiroshi Naitoh Hiroyuki Kuwano Department of Surgery Gunma Chuo General HospitalMaebashiGunma 371-0025Japan Department of General Surgical Science Graduate School of MedicineGunma UniversityGunma 371-0025Japan

Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has been proposed as the gold standard in the treatment of early gastric cancer because it facilitates a more accurate histological assessment and reduces the risk of tumor ***,the time course of ESD for large gastric tumors is frequently prolonged because of the tumor size and technical difficulties and typically requires higher doses of sedative and pain-controlling *** or anesthetic drugs such as midazolam or propofol are used during the *** endoscopy of early gastric cancers can often be performed with only moderate *** with midazolam,propofol has a very fast onset of action,short plasma half-life and time to achieve sedation,faster time to recovery and discharge,and results in higher patient *** overall success,maintaining safety and stability not only during the procedure but also subsequently in the recovery room and ward is *** obese patients,it is recommended that the injected dose be based on a calculated standard *** between gastroenterologists,surgeons,and anesthesiologists is imperative for a successful ESD procedure.

关键词： Sedation Gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Endoscopic resection Propofol

Aboveground biomass and seasonal patterns of aboveground net primary productivity in five bamboo species in northern Laos

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 150-156页

作者： Singkone Xayalath Isao Hirota shinsuke Tomita Michiko Nakagawa Department of Forest and Environmental Resource Sciences Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science Faculty of Applied Biological SciencesGifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan Asian Satellite Campuses Institute Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan

Aims Accurate estimates of bamboo biomass and net primary productivity(NPP)are required to evaluate the carbon sequestration potential of bamboo ***,relevant data that are important for climate change mitigation,have rarely been collected in regions outside of East Asia and *** on seasonal patterns of NPP and its components will enable the quantification of factors that influence the carbon balance in bamboo *** this study,we quantified the aboveground biomass(AGB)and aboveground NPP of five major bamboo species in northern Laos using monthly data collected over a 12-month *** All live culms in 10,2 m×2 m plots(for one monopodial bamboo species:Indosasa sinica)and 30 clumps per species(for four sympodial bamboo species:Bambusa tulda,Cephalostachyum virgatum,Dendrocalamus membranaceus and Gigantochloa sp.)were numbered and measured at breast *** set 10 or 20 litter traps per species to collect *** of dead and recruited culms and litterfall collection were performed once per month for 12 *** Findings The AGB was highest in ***(59.87 Mg ha^(-1))and lowest in ***(11.54 Mg ha^(-1)),and was mostly below the plausible global range for bamboos(32–256 Mg ha^(-1)).The sympatric distribution of multiple bamboo species at the study sites may have suppressed the AGB in four of the five studied *** aboveground NPP estimates were between 3.43 and 14.25 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1);those for ***(8.20 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))and ***(14.25 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))were comparable to mean global estimates for temperate evergreen forests(8.78 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))and tropical moist forests(10.56 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1)).High culm recruitment rates(15.20–23.39%yr^(-1))were major contributors to aboveground NPP *** patterns of aboveground NPP were largely influenced by the phenology of the new *** the four sympodial bamboo species,new culms began to emerge following the onset of per

关键词： bamboo forest carbon sequestration culm dynamics litterfall northern Laos seasonality

Newly-generated Daliangshan Fault Zone—Shortcutting on the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第9期51卷 1248-1258页

作者： IKEDA Yasutaka TOGO Masayoshi TAJIKARA Masayoshi ECHIGO Tomoo OKADA shinsuke Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033 Japan Hosei University Tokyo 194-0298 Japan

The Daliangshan fault zone is the eastern branch in the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. It has been neglected for a long time, partly because of no destructive earthquake records along this fault zone. On the other hand, it is located on the remote and inaccessible plateau. So far it was excluded as part of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. Based on the interpretation of aerophotographs and field investigations, we document this fault zone in detail, and give an estimation of strike-slip rate about 3 mm/a in Late Quaternary together with age dating data. The results suggest that the Daliangshan fault zone is a newly-generated fault zone resulted from shortcutting in the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system because of the clockwise rotation of the Southeastern Tibetan Crustal Block, which is bounded by the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. Moreover, the shortcutting may make the Daliangshan fault zone replace the Anninghe and Zemuhe fault zones gradually, and finally, the later two fault zones will probably die out with the continuous clockwise rotation.

关键词： Daliangshan fault zone newly-generated fault Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system southeast Tibet

Adaptive Resources Allocation Algorithm Based on Modified PSO for Cognitive Radio System

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China Communications 2019年第5期16卷 83-92页

作者： Yi Yang Qinyu Zhang Ye Wang Takahiro Emoto Masatake Akutagawa shinsuke Konaka School of Electronic and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokushima UniversityTokushima770-8506Japan Shenzhen Cyberspace Laboratory (Pengcheng Laboratory) Shenzhen 518055China

Radio spectrum has become a rare resource due to the rapid development of wireless communication technique. Cognitive radio is one of important techniques to deal with this radio spectrum problem. But the resource allocation in cognitive radio also has its own issues, such as the flexibility of the allocation algorithm, the performance of resource allocation, and so on. In order to increase the flexibility of the allocation algorithm for cognitive radio, more and more researches are focusing on the evolutionary algorithms, such as genetic algorithm(GA), particle swarm optimization(PSO). Evolutionary algorithm can greatly improve the flexibility of the allocation algorithm for cognitive radio system in different communication scenarios, but the performances are relatively lower than the original mathematical methods. So in this paper, we proposed an adaptive resource allocation algorithm based on modified PSO for cognitive radio system to solve these problems. Modified particle swarm optimization(Modified PSO) has both genetic algorithm(GA) and particle swarm optimization(PSO)’s updating processes which makes this modified PSO overcame PSO’s own disadvantages and keep advantages. Simulation results showed our proposed algorithm has enough flexibility to meet cognitive radio systems’ requirements, and also has a better performance than original PSO.

关键词： cognitive radio particle swarm optimization genetic algorithm performance analysis flexibility

Effect of Annular Slit Geometry on Characteristics of Spiral Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第3期12卷 225-230页

作者： Shigeru Matsuo Kwon-Hee Lee shinsuke Oda Toshiaki Setoguchi Heuy-Dong Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo-machi Saga-shi Saga 840-8502Japan School of Mechanical Engineering College of Natural Science Andong National University388 Song-Cheon Dong Andong Kyung-Pook Korea

A spiral flow using an annular slit connected to a conical cylinder does not need special device to generate a tangential velocity component of the flow and differs from swirling flows. Pressurized fluid is supplied to an annular chamber and injected into the convergent nozzle through the annular slit. The annular jet develops into the spiral flow. In the present study, a spiral jet discharged out of nozzle exit was obtained by using a convergent nozzle and an annular slit set in nozzle inlet, and the effect of annular slit geometry on characteristics of the spiral jet was investigated by using a Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) experimentally. Furthermore, velocity distributions of the spiral jet were compared with those of a normal jet.

关键词： spiral jet flow convergent nozzle annular slit LDV

Multi-Strategy Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks: Modeling, Analysis and Optimization

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China Communications 2019年第3期16卷 103-121页

作者： Yi Yang Qinyu Zhang Ye Wang Takahiro Emoto Masatake Akutagawa shinsuke Konaka School of Electronic and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokushima University

Dynamic spectrum access(DSA) based on cognitive radios(CR) technique is an effective approach to address the "spectrum scarcity" issue. However, traditional CR-enabled DSA system employs only single DSA strategy, which might not be suited to the dynamic network environment. In this paper, we propose a multi-strategy DSA(MS-DSA) system, where the primary and the secondary system share spectrum resources with multiple DSA strategies simultaneously. To analyze the performance of the proposed MS-DSA system, we model it as a continuous-time Markov chain(CTMC) and derive the expressions to compute the corresponding performance metrics. Based on this, we define a utility function involving the concerns of effective throughput, interference quantity on primary users, and spectrum leasing cost. Two optimization schemes, named as spectrum allocation and false alarm probability selection, are proposed to maximize the utility function. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to validate our analysis and demonstrate that the performance can be significantly improved caused by virtues of the proposed MS-DSA system.

关键词： cognitive radio networks dynamic spectrum access multi-strategy performance analysis optimization