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Different natural courses of chronic hepatitis B with genotypes B and C after the fourth decade of life

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4560-4565页

作者： Tatsuji Maeshiro shingo arakaki Takako Watanabe Hajime Aoyama Joji Shiroma Tsuyoshi Yamashiro Tetsuo Hirata Akira Hokama Fukunori Kinjo Tomofumi Nakayoshi Tomokuni Nakayoshi Masashi Mizokami Jiro Fujita Hiroshi Sakugawa Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease (First Department of Internal Medicine) Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Department of Blood transfusion medicine Ryukyu University Hospital Okinawa Japan Department of Endoscopy Ryukyu University Hospital Okinawa Japan Department of Internal Medicine Tomishiro Central Hospital Okinawa Japan Department of Internal Medicine Heart Life Hospital Okinawa Japan Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science Nagoya Japan

MIM： To investigate the different impact of genotypes E and C on the development of liver cirrhosis （LC） among different age groups of patients with chronic hepatitis （CH-B）.METHODS： We examined the outcome of 121 patients with CH-B, divided by age and genotype. Univariate analyses were used to compare different groups. The Cox proportional hazard model was employed to evaluate factors affecting the development of LC.RESULTS： In patients 〈 30 years old, there were no significant predictors for development of LC. However, in patients ≥ 30 years old, genotype C was the only significant predictor. In the genotype C group, 8 of 12 patients who progressed to LC were 30-49 years old at initial diagnosis of chronic hepatitis （7 patients were positive for HBeAg）. In the genotype B group, 4 of 8 patients who developed LC were ≥50 years old at initial diagnosis and were HBeAg-negative.CONCLUSION： The rate of development of LC was comparable in patients infected with genotypes B and C when CH-B occurred at 〈 30 years old. However, CH-B patients infected with genotype C showed poor prognosis if they were 30-49 years old and were positive for HBeAg. Age-specific natural course of CH-B should be considered when patients with CH-B are treated with antiviral drugs.

关键词： Hepatitis B, chronic Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B e antigen Genotypes Molecular epidemiology

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Erratum for factors associated with visceral fat accumulation in the general population in Okinawa,Japan(World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2016;7:261-267)

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2018年第1期9卷 14-15页

作者： shingo arakaki Tatsuji Maeshiro Akira Hokama Jiro Fujita Department of Infectious Respiratoryand Digestive MedicineGraduate School of MedicineUniversity of the RyukyusNishiharaOkinawa 903-0215Japan Department of Endoscopy Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of the Ryukyus207 UeharaNishiharaOkinawa 903-0215Japan

Correction to:arakaki S,Maeshiro T,Hokama A,Hoshino K,Maruwaka S,Higashiarakawa M,Parrott G,Hirata T,Kinjo K,Fujita *** associated with visceral fat accumulation in the general population in Okinawa,*** J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2016;7(2):261-267 PMID:27158542 DOI:10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i2.261[1].Erratum 1 In the Results and Discussion,the description regarding the relationship between several parameters and VFA is *** the Results(page 263)within the right side column,after“…(P<0.05,Table 4).”,“Although statistically not significant,a univariate analysis also indicated that FPG and HbA1c were slightly higher and HDL-C was slightly lower in males with low VFA group(Table 3).”should be added.

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Factors associated with visceral fat accumulation in the general population in Okinawa, Japan

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第2期7卷 261-267页

作者： shingo arakaki Tatsuji Maeshiro Akira Hokama Kunikazu Hoshino Shuichi Maruwaka Miwa Higashiarakawa Gretchen Parrott Tetsuo Hirata Kozen Kinjo Jiro Fujita Department of Infectious Respiratory and Digestive Medicine University of the Ryukyus Department of Endoscopy University of the Ryukyus Department of Infectious Respiratoryand Digestive Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Health Promotion Foundation Department of Infectious Respiratoryand Digestive MedicineUniversity of the Ryukyus

AIM:To investigate the clinical and biochemical factors associated with visceral fat accumulation in the general ***:We enrolled 1004 subjects who underwent a medical health checkup between April 2008 and March *** medical health checkup included the following tests:Height,body weight,waist circumference(WC),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,urinalysis,blood-cell counts,blood chemistry,electrocardiography,chest radiography,and abdominal computed tomography(CT)for visceral fat *** patients’medical history and lifestyle factors were collected privately by nurses using a selfadministered questionnaire,and they included questions regarding physical activity,sleep duration,dietary habits,smoking,and alcohol *** fat area(VFA)was defined as the sum of the intraperitoneal fat area at the level of the umbilicus with CT density in the range of-150 to-50 Hounsfield ***:The mean age and body mass index(BMI)of the study subjects were 57.0 years and 24.4 kg/*** both male and females,v FA was significantly andpositively correlated with WC(r=0.532,P<0.01;r=0.612,P<0.01).Subjects with high levels of v FA were primarily male with significantly higher age,height,body weight,BMI,systolic blood pressure(BP),diastolic BP,and hemoglobin in all subjects(P<0.05).A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that vF A had a positive relationship with age≥56,BMI≥25 kg/m2,and triglyceride level≥149 in males(P<0.05),whereas it had a positive relationship with age≥58,BMI≥24.4 kg/m2,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level<40 mg/d L,and current drinking in females(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:These results suggest that gender differences exist in the clinical and biochemical parameters associated with visceral fat accumulation.

关键词： visceral fat accumulation Computed tomography Metabolic syndrome Alcohol consumption Waist circumference

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Effect of the backbone structure of bidentate ligands in palladiumand nickel-catalyzed polar monomer copolymerization

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第11期61卷 1349-1350页

作者： shingo Ito Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University

Coordination-insertion copolymerization of non-polar ole- fins and polar monomers by late transition metal catalysts is a powerful method to synthesize functionalized polyolefins [1]. Seminal successes in this copolymerization have been achieved by using group-10 metal catalysts bearing a bidentate ligand such as phosphine-sulfonate and bisphosphine monoxide （BPMO）（Figure 1）.

关键词：金属催化剂梁结构镍氧化物

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Rate-, state-, and pressure-dependent friction model based on the elastoplastic theory

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Friction 2020年第4期8卷 768-783页

作者： shingo OZAKI Takeru MATSUURA Satoru MAEGAWA Division of System Research Yokohama National UniversityTokiwadai 79-5Hodogaya-kuYokohama 240-8501Japan Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-choShowa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan

Adhesion is one of essences with respect to rubber friction because the magnitude of the friction force is closely related to the magnitude of adhesion on a real contact area. However, the real contact area during sliding depends on the state and history of the contact surface. Therefore, the friction force occasionally exhibits rate-, state-, and pressure dependency. In this study, to rationally describe friction and simulate boundary value problems, a rate-, state-, and pressure-dependent friction model based on the elastoplastic theory was formulated. First, the evolution law for the friction coefficient was prescribed. Next, a nonlinear sliding surface (frictional criterion) was adopted, and several other evolution laws for internal state variables were prescribed. Subsequently, the typical response characteristics of the proposed friction model were demonstrated, and its validity was verified by comparing the obtained results with those of experiments conducted considering the contact surface between a rough rubber hemisphere and smooth acrylic plate.

关键词： adhesion friction model elastoplastic theory contact surface stick-slip

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TC10 as an essential molecule in axon regeneration through membrane supply and microtubule stabilization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 87-88页

作者： Takeshi Nakamura shingo Koinuma Division of Cell Signaling Research Institute for Biomedical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceNodaJapan

Mammalian central nervous system(CNS)neurons lose axon regenerative ability as they *** failure to regenerate shows a clear contrast to a remarkable potential of axon growth during embryonic development and after an injury in the peripheral nervous system(PNS)(Hilton and Bradke,2017).The absence of regeneration in the mature CNS neurons is caused by an inhibitory influence of the environment of the injured axons and the deficit of intrinsic factors that enable regeneration in the PNS(He and Jin,2016).

关键词： stabilization enable axon

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Impacts of invasive Iris pseudacorus L.(yellow flag) establishing in an abandoned urban pond on native semi-wetland vegetation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1881-1887页

作者： Daisuke Hayasaka shingo Fujiwara Taizo Uchida Graduate School of Agriculture KINDAI University Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University

Iris pseudacorus L., intentionally introduced in Japan as an ornamental plant and to improve aquatic environments, has been declared a noxious species in the Invasive Alien Species Act of Japan due to the suspected high ecological risks to the local species and ecosystems. Although prompt responses to I. pseudacorus have been sought to conserve local biodiversity, knowledge about its invasiveness is lacking. Here, we report the relationship between the establishment of I. pseudacorus and floristic changes in semi-wetland vegetation of an abandoned urban pond(Aoike), Nara City, Nara Prepecture, Japan. In total, 64 vascular plants were recorded in the pond, of which 50 were native species, seven were naturalized non-native, and seven were invasive species. On the other hand, most of these vascular plants(42 species) were grassland species and only several aquatic plants(10 species) were found in this study pond. The number of vascular plant species decreased significantly at quadrats with a coverage of I. pseudacorus above 50%. In addition, tendencies of lower number of native species and concomitant higher number of invasive species were found with increasing coverage of I. pseudacorus. From these results, we suggest that it is important to preferentially manage sites where the coverage of I. pseudacorus is above 50%, in order to preserve the local biodiversity. Additionally, as recommended in the literature, it is essential that the cut reproductive organs are kept submerged under deep water for an effective control of I. pseudacorus.

关键词： biodiversity conservation biological invasions ecological impacts exotic species hydrophytes species traits

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Cell Polarity Signaling： Focus on Polar Auxin Transport

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 899-909页

作者： Xiaowei Gao shingo Nagawa Genxuan Wang Zhenbiao Yang Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agroeology at Lanzhou University Ministry of Education Lanzhou 730000 China CAU-UCR Joint Center for Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Science University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Polar auxin transport, which is required for the formation of auxin gradients and directional auxin flows that are critical for plant pattern formation, morphogenesis, and directional growth response to vectorial cues, is mediated by polarized sub-cellular distribution of PIN-FORMED Proteins （PINs, auxin efflux carriers）, AUX1/AUXI-like proteins （auxin influx facilitators）, and multidrug resistance P-glycoproteins （MDR/PGP）. Polar localization of these proteins is controlled by both developmental and environmental cues. Recent studies have revealed cellular （endocytosis, transcytosis, and endosomal sorting and recycling） and molecular （PINOID kinase, protein phosphatase 2A） mechanisms underlying the polar distribution of these auxin transport proteins. Both TIR1-mediated auxin signaling and TIRl-independent auxinmediated endocytosis have been shown to regulate polar PIN localization and auxin flow, implicating auxin as a selforganizing signal in directing polar transport and directional flows.

关键词： PIN proteins PINOID ROP GTPases polarity protein traffic and secretion signal transduction.

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Ghrelin and gastric acid secretion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6334-6338页

作者： Koji Yakabi Junichi Kawashima shingo Kato Department of Gastroenteology and Hepatology Saitama Medical Center Saitama Medical University Kawagoe-city

Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide, was originally isolated from rat and human stomach. Ghrelin has been known to increase the secretion of growth hormone (GH), food intake, and body weight gain when administered peripherally or centrally. Ghrelin is also known to stimulate the gastric motility and the secretion of gastric acid. In the previous studies, the action of ghrelin on acid secretion was shown to be as strong as that of histamine and gastrin in in-vivo experiment. In the studies, the mechanism for the action of ghrelin was also investigated. It was shown that vagotomy completely inhibited the action of ghrelin on the secretion of gastric acid suggesting that vagal nerve is involved in the mechanism for the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. As famotidine did not inhibit ghrelin-in-duced acid secretion in the study by Masuda et al, they concluded that histamine was not involved in the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. However, we have shown that famotidine completely inhibited ghrelin-induced acid secretion and histidine decarboxylase (HDC) mRNA was increased in gastric mucosa by ghrelin injection which is inhibited by vagotomy Our results indicate that histamine is involved in the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. Furthermore synergistic action of gastrin and ghrelin on gastric acid secretion was shown. Although gastrin has important roles in postprandial secretion of gastric acid, ghrelin may be related to acid secretion during fasting period or at night. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the physiological role of ghrelin in acid secretion.

关键词： Ghrelin Acid secretion Vagal nerve Vogotomy Histamine Histidine decarboxylase

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Is the crop insurance program effective in China? Evidence from farmers analysis in five provinces

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第10期14卷 2109-2120页

作者： WANG Ke ZHANG Qiao shingo Kimura Suraya Akte Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Agri-information Service Technology Ministry of Agriculture Trade and Agricultural Directorate Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chinese crop insurance program in terms of farmers＇ utility and welfare. A simulation model based on the power utility function was first developed to evaluate the effectiveness of crop insurance. Then, the Monte Carlo approach was used to generate the datasets of area, price, yield, cost, and income based on the characteristics of representative farmers, which were clustered and calibrated using the farm-level data of 574 individual farmers from five Chinese provinces. Finally, the effectiveness of Chinese crop insurance was evaluated by comparing the certainty equivalence（CE） of farmers＇ utility/welfare under alternative crop insurance scenarios. Government subsidy is a necessary premise for implementing the crop insurance program. The government should subsidize more than 50% of the crop insurance premium to motivate more farmers to participate in the program. The findings also show that the current crop insurance program in China has increased the farmers＇ welfare but still need to be improved to achieve the Pareto improvement and to make full use of the financial fund of the government. This paper is believed to not only extend academic research but also has significant implications for policymakers, especially in the context of rapid development of Chinese crop insurance with much issues such as rate, subsidy and coverage level needed to be improved.

关键词： crop insurance effectiveness evaluation expected utility model China

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