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Weight gain after 35 years of age is associated with increased breast cancer risk: findings from a large prospective cohort study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 651-655页

作者： Katherine De la Torre Woo-Kyoung shin Hwi-Won Lee Dan Huang Sukhong Min Aesun shin Wonshik Han Daehee Kang Department of Preventive Medicine Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Division of Food and Pharmaceutical Technology Mokwon UniversityDaejeon 35349Republic of Korea Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Cancer Research Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080Republicof Korea

Adiposity affects lifetime estrogen exposure,which is a key factor in breast ***,adiposity effects,often assessed as the body mass index(BMI),on pre-and post-menopausal breast cancer risk are *** weight gain may reflect body fat mass accumulation during adulthood better than the BMI,potentially representing age-related metabolic changes.

关键词： breast cancer assessed

Intelligent reflecting surface for sum rate enhancement in MIMO systems

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 94-100页

作者： Chan-Yeob Park Ji-Sung Jung Yeong-Rong Lee Beom-Sik shin Hyoung-Kyu Song Department of Information and Communication Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoulGwangjin-guGunja-dong 98Republic of Korea Department of Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone Sejong University SeoulGwangjin-guGunja-dong 98Republic of Korea

The research for the Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)which has the advantages of cost and energy efficiency has been *** capacity can be effectively increased by appropriately setting the phase value of IRS elements according to the channel ***,the problem of obtaining an appropriate phase value of IRs is difficult to solve due to the non-convex *** paper proposes an iterative algorithm for the alternating optimal solution in the Single User Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(SU-MIMO)*** proposed iterative algorithm finds an alternating optimal solution that is the phase value of IRS one by *** results show that the proposed method has better performance than that of the randomized IRS *** number of iterations for maximizing the performance of the proposed algorithm depends on the channel state between the IRS and the receiver.

关键词： Intelligent reflecting surface MIMO Sum rate

Driving inward growth of lithium metal in hollow microcapsule hosts by heteroatom‐controlled nucleation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 262-272页

作者： Siwon Kim Hong Rim shin Ki Jae Kim Min‐Sik Park Jong‐Won Lee Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Integrated Education for Frontier Science and Technology(BK21 Four)Kyung Hee UniversityYonginRepublic of Korea

The application of Li metal anodes in rechargeable batteries is impeded by safety issues arising from the severe volume changes and formation of dendritic Li ***‐dimensional hollow carbon is receiving increasing attention as a host material capable of accommodating Li metal inside its cavity;however,uncontrollable and nonuniform deposition of Li remains a *** this study,we synthesize metal–organic framework‐derived carbon microcapsules with heteroatom clusters(Zn and Ag)on the capsule walls and it is demonstrated that Ag‐assisted nucleation of Li metal alters the outward‐to‐inward growth in the microcapsule ***‐incorporated microcapsules are prepared via chemical etching of zeolitic imidazole framework‐8 polyhedra and are subsequently decorated with Ag by a galvanic displacement reaction between Ag^(+)and metallic *** introduced Ag significantly reduces the energy barrier and increases the reaction rate for Li nucleation in the microcapsule host upon Li *** combined electrochemical,microstructural,and computational studies,we verify the beneficial role of Ag‐assisted Li nucleation in facilitating inward growth inside the cavity of the microcapsule host and,in turn,enhancing electrochemical *** study provides new insights into the design of reversible host materials for practical Li metal batteries.

关键词： hollow carbon hosts lithium metal batteries lithium plating metal-organic frameworks nucleation

Feasibility of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection in elderly patients aged≥80 years

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第1期14卷 49-62页

作者： Yasuhiro Inokuchi Ayaka Ishida Kei Hayashi Yoshihiro Kaneta Hayato Watanabe Kazuki Kano Mitsuhiro Furuta Kosuke Takahashi Hirohito Fujikawa Takanobu Yamada Kouji Yamamoto Nozomu Machida Takashi Ogata Takashi Oshima shin maeda Department of Gastroenterology Kanagawa Cancer CenterYokohama 241-8515KanagawaJapan Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Kanagawa Cancer CenterYokohama 241-8515KanagawaJapan Department of Biostatics Yokohama City University School of Medicine.Yokohama 236-0004KanagawaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0004KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Endoscopic resection,especially endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),is increasingly performed in elderly patients with early gastric cancer,and lesions beyond the expanded indications are also resected endoscopically in some *** is essential to assess whether gastric ESD is safe and suitable for elderly patients and investigate what type of lesions carry an increased risk of ESD-related *** To assess the efficacy and feasibility of gastric ESD for elderly patients,and define high-risk lesions and prognostic *** Among a total of 1169 sessions of gastric ESD performed in Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital from 2006 to 2014,179 sessions(15.3%)were performed in patients aged≥80 years,and 172 of these sessions were done in patients with a final diagnosis of gastric *** patients were studied retrospectively to evaluate short-term outcomes and *** short-term outcomes included the rates of en bloc resection and curative resection,complications,and procedurerelated *** was assessed according to the Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines ***’s exact test was used to statistically analyze risk *** characteristics of each group were compared using Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U *** rates at each time point were based on Kaplan-Meier *** survival rates were compared between patients with gastric cancer in each group with use of the log-rank *** identify prognostic factors that jointly predict the hazard of death while controlling for model overfitting,we used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)Cox regression model including factors curative/noncurative,age,gender,body mass index,prognostic nutritional index,Charlson comorbidity index(CCI),Glasgow prognostic score,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and antithrombotic agent *** selected the LASSO Cox regression model that resulted in minimal prediction error in 10-f

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Elderly Charlson comorbidity index Early gastric cancer Complications Prognostic indicators

Dynamic Hand Gesture-Based Person Identification Using Leap Motion and Machine Learning Approaches

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1205-1222页

作者： Jungpil shin Md.AlMehedi Hasan Md.Maniruzzaman Taiki Watanabe Issei Jozume School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of AizuAizuwakamatsuFukushima965-8580Japan Department of Computer Science&Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering&TechnologyRajshahi6204Bangladesh

Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.

关键词： Person identification leap motion hand gesture random forest support vector machine

Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee Jae Il shin Yong Wook Kim Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease *** cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s *** stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of *** performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal *** searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,*** study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control *** use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the *** with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational *** the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

Breaking the in-coupling efficiency limit in waveguide-based AR displays with polarization volume gratings

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1919-1930页

作者： Yuqiang Ding Yuchen Gu Qian Yang Zhiyong Yang Yuge Huang Yishi Weng Yuning Zhang shin-Tson Wu College of Optics and Photonics University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Meta Reality Labs Research 9845 Willows Road NERedmondWA 98052USA

Augmented reality(AR)displays,heralded as the next-generation platform for spatial computing,metaverse,and digital twins,empower users to perceive digital images overlaid with real-world environment,fostering a deeper level of human-digital *** the rapid evolution of couplers,waveguide-based AR displays have streamlined the entire system,boasting a slim form factor and high optical ***,challenges persist in the waveguide combiner,including low optical efficiency and poor image uniformity,significantly hindering the long-term usage and user *** this paper,we first analyze the root causes of the low optical efficiency and poor uniformity in waveguide-based AR *** then discover and elucidate an anomalous polarization conversion phenomenon inherent to polarization volume gratings(PVGs)when the incident light direction does not satisfy the Bragg *** new property is effectively leveraged to circumvent the tradeoff between in-coupling efficiency and eyebox *** feasibility demonstration experiments,we measure the light leakage in multiple PVGs with varying thicknesses using a laser source and a liquid-crystal-on-silicon light *** experiment corroborates the polarization conversion phenomenon,and the results align with simulation *** explore the potential of such a polarization conversion phenomenon further,we design and simulate a waveguide display with a 50°field of *** achieving first-order polarization conversion in a PVG,the in-coupling efficiency and uniformity are improved by 2 times and 2.3 times,respectively,compared to conventional *** groundbreaking discovery holds immense potential for revolutionizing next-generation waveguide-based AR displays,promising a higher efficiency and superior image uniformity.

关键词： polarization waveguide coupling

Understanding the spectrum of non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis:insights from animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 84-91页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Joong-Sun Kim Taekyun shin Changjong Moon Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR programChonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is generally considered to be a non-traumatic,physically debilitating neurological *** addition to experiencing motor disability,patients with multiple sclerosis also experience a variety of nonmotor symptoms,including cognitive deficits,anxiety,depression,sensory impairments,and ***,the pathogenesis and treatment of such non-motor symptoms in multiple scle rosis are still under *** studies for multiple sclerosis benefit from the use of disease-appropriate animal models,including experimental autoimmune *** to understanding the pathophysiology and developing treatments for non-motor symptoms,it is critical to chara cterize the animal model in terms of its ability to replicate certain non-motor features of multiple *** such,no single animal model can mimic the entire spectrum of *** review focuses on the non-motor symptoms that have been investigated in animal models of multiple sclerosis as well as possible underlying ***,we highlighted gaps in the literature to explain the nonmotor aspects of multiple sclerosis in expe rimental animal models,which will serve as the basis for future studies.

关键词： anxiety cognitive deficit depression experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis motor disability neurological disorder pain pathophysiology preclinical study sensory impairments

A review of understanding electrocatalytic reactions in energy conversion and energy storage systems via scanning electrochemical microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 155-177页

作者： Jihye Park Jong Hwan Lim Jin-Hyuk Kang Jiheon Lim Ho Won Jang Hosun shin Sun Hwa Park Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Material Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Applied Measurement Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

To address climate change and promote environmental sustainability,electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems emerge as promising alternative to fossil fuels,catering to the escalating demand for *** optimal energy efficiency and cost competitiveness in these systems requires the strategic design of electrocatalysts,coupled with a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms and degradation behavior occurring during the electrocatalysis *** electrochemical microscopy(SECM),an analytical technique for studying surface electrochemically,stands out as a powerful tool offering electrochemical *** possesses remarkable spatiotemporal resolution,enabling the visualization of the localized electrochemical activity and surface *** review compiles crucial research findings and recent breakthroughs in electrocatalytic processes utilizing the SECM methodology,specifically focusing on applications in electrolysis,fuel cells,and metal–oxygen batteries within the realm of energy conversion and storage *** with an overview of each energy system,the review introduces the fundamental principles of SECM,and aiming to provide new perspectives and broadening the scope of applied research by describing the major research categories within SECM.

关键词： Scanning electrochemical microscopy Electrocatalyst Electrocatalysis Water splitting Fuel cell Metal-oxygen battery