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Investigation of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Stainless Steel Surface and Their Effect on the Appearance Aspects of the Alloy Surface

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2019年第4期9卷 55-87页

作者： shilpa Vaidya N. C. Debnath Physics Department Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai India

Stainless steel alloy SS-304 is widely used in many engineering applications primarily for its excellent corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication and aesthetic appeal. Many kitchen appliances are made from SS-304 alloy because of its durability, ease of cleaning and beautiful finish. However, over the years of continuous usage and cleaning by detergent bar and abrasive clothes the initial brightness and shine of the plates and dishes undergo considerable degradation. In this work, we report the results of a thorough investigation of the physico-chemical characteristics of the surface regions of both new and old SS-304 plates of known history of continuous usage to identify the key physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the loss of shine. Several analytical techniques viz. SEM/EDX, AFM, XPS, XRD, Reflectance FTIR, Profilometry and Reflectance spectrometry in the visible region have been used for experimental investigation of surface structure, morphology, roughness profile, chemical composition and appearance measurements of several steel samples. In addition, glossmeter has been used to measure the gloss of the samples at certain specific angles. It seems that surface roughness is one of the key physical parameters that play an important role in the reduction of brightness and shine. The other parameter is the presence of a thin surface film on the steel surface. In order to analyze the experimental data and to predict the shine and brightness phenomena quantitatively, we have used Fresnel’s theory to compute first the reflectance from each component of SS-304 alloy assuming it to be a smooth surface and then extended it to compute the reflectance of the alloy surface (SS-304). In order to interpret the reflectance from old and used plates, we have further used Beckmann’s theory of light scattering from random rough surface to analyze and predict the appearance aspects of the alloy surface quantitatively. Both the experimental and computed results s

关键词： Loss of Shine in SS-304 Alloy Surface Surface Roughness Appearance Measurements SEM/EDX AFM XPS XRD Reflectance FTIR Profilometry Reflectance Spectroscopy Gloss Presence of Thin Surface Film Beckmann’s Model of Random Rough Surface

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Reactivation of hepatitis B after liver transplantation: Current knowledge, molecular mechanisms and implications in management

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第3期10卷 352-370页

作者： Ranjit Chauhan shilpa Lingala Chiranjeevi Gadiparthi Nivedita Lahiri Smruti R Mohanty Jian Wu Tomasz I Michalak Sanjaya K Satapathy Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group Division of Bio Medical SciencesHealth Sciences Centre Memorial University Division of Transplant Surgery Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Division of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy Brigham Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Disease New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital Department of Medical Microbiology Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences

Chronic hepatitis B(CHB) is a major global health problem affecting an estimated 350 million people with more than 786000 individuals dying annually due to complications, such as cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Liver transplantation(LT) is considered gold standard for treatment of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related liver failure and HCC. However, post-transplant viral reactivation can be detrimental to allograft function, leading to poor survival. Prophylaxis with high-dose hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG) and anti-viral drugs have achieved remarkable progress in LT by suppressingviral replication and improving long-term survival. The combination of lamivudine(LAM) plus HBIG has been for many years the most widely used. However, life-long HBIG use is both cumbersome and costly, whereas long-term use of LAM results in resistant virus. Recently, in an effort to develop HBIG-free protocols, high potency nucleos(t)ide analogues, such as Entecavir or Tenofovir, have been tried either as monotherapy or in combination with low-dose HBIG with excellent results. Current focus is on novel antiviral targets, especially for covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA), in an effort to eradicate HBV infection instead of viral suppression. However, there are several other molecular mechanisms through which HBV may reactivate and need equal attention. The purpose of this review is to address post-LT HBV reactivation, its risk factors, underlying molecular mechanisms, and recent advancements and future of anti-viral therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Liver transplantation Reactivation Hepatitis B immunoglobulin Recurrence Prophylaxis Antivirals

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Curcumin: an adjuvant therapeutic remedy for liver cancer

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 62-70页

作者： shilpa Sharma Anshul Tanwar Devendra K.Gupta Department of Pediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India

The molecular signalling pathways for hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma have been extensively *** treatment of these highly vascular tumors mainly revolves around chemotherapy and *** there is a high associated morbidity and mortality due to advanced stages,adverse effects owing to chemotherapy and *** role of Curcumin as an adjuvant remedy is explored in this *** stimulates apoptosis of cancer cells,acts as anti-proliferative agent,has anti-angiogenic action,prevents tumor invasiveness and metastasis and prevents *** also has been proven to decrease the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents and has a synergistic anticancer *** acts at the molecular level and affects the various metabolic pathways involved in *** also promotes healing and has anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and anti-infective *** natural phytocompounds has immense anti-cancer potential and holds future promise as an adjuvant remedy to treat liver cancer.

关键词： Curcumin hepatoblastoma hepatocellular carcinoma diferuloylmethane

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The occurrence of keratinophilic fungi in selected soils of Ladakh (India)

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Natural Science 2010年第11期2卷 1247-1252页

作者： Sunil K. Deshmukh shilpa A. Verekar Archana Shrivastav 不详

138 soil samples were collected from various loca-tions in Ladakh, a cold desert in the Himalayan region, India and the samples were screened for the presence of keratinophilic fungi using the hair baiting techniques. 58 isolates were recovered and identified. The cultures were identified based on their macro- and micro-morphological features. A total of six genera and fourteen species were isolated namely Amauroascus kuehnii (0.72%), Aphanoascus keratinophilus (4.34%), Aphanoascus terreus (2.17%), Auxarthron alboluteum (0.72%), Auxarthron conjugatum (0.72%), Chrysosporium articulatum (0.72%), Chrysosporium mephiticum (0.72%), Chrysosporium minutisporosum (2.17%), Chrysosporium siglerae (0.72%), Chrysosporium sp. (1.44%), Chrysosporium tropicum (15.94 %), Chrysosporium submersum (3.62%), Chrysosporium state of Ctenomyces serratus (6.52%) and Geomyces pannorum (1.45%). The present study shows that keratinophilic fungi exist in the cold desert of Ladakh.

关键词： Cold Desert Ladakh Soil Fungi Keratinophilic Fungi India

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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies crescentic allograft glomerulonephritis after sofosbuvir therapy

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第6期5卷 547-550页

作者： shilpa Gadde Belinda Lee Laura Kidd Rubin Zhang Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Tulane University School of Medicine

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA) are well known to be associated with several types of vasculitis, including pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, a form of rapid progressive glomerular nephritis(RPGN). ANCA vasculitis has also been reported after administration of propylthiouracil, hydralazine, cocaine(adulterated with levimasole), allopurinol, penicillamine and few other drugs. All previously reported cases of drug-associated ANCA glomerulonephritis were in native kidneys. Sofosbuvir is a new and effective drug for hepatitis C virus infection. Here, we report a case of ANCA vasculitis and RPGN following sofosbuvir administration in a kidney transplant recipient. It also represents the first case of drug-associated ANCA vasculitis in a transplanted kidney. Further drug monitoring is necessary to elucidate the degree of association and possible causal effect of sofosbuvir and perinuclear ANCA vasculitis.

关键词： Crescentic glomerulonephritis Vasculitis Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody Sofosbuvir Kidney transplant

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The association of fFN testing on hospital admissions for preterm labor

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第1期3卷 126-129页

作者： shilpa Iyer Thomas McElrath Petr Jarolim James Greenberg Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA

Objective: To determine if the use of fetal fibronectin (fFN) testing has affected hospital admissions for preterm labor. Methods: ICD-9 and CPT codes from all admissions to Brigham & Women’s Hospital between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2010 were evaluated. Data recorded included total deliveries, admissions for preterm labor (PTL) without delivery, length of stay (days) for PTL admissions, preterm deliveries, and number of fFN tests performed. The data was evaluated using a Wilcoxon test of trend and least squares regression. Results: Fetal fibronectin testing was introduced mid-year 2001. As a percentage of total deliveries, the number of admissions for PTL without delivery decreased from 3.97% in 1995 to 2.16% in 2010

关键词： Preterm Labor Fetal Fibronectin Cost

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Increased physical activity, physician recommendation, and senior center participation

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 8-18页

作者： James H. Swan Keith Turner shilpa Shashidhara David Sanders Clinical Ethics Center Memorial Health System Springfield USA Department of Psychology Sociology and Social Work Angelo State University San Angelo USA Programs in Applied Gerontology University of North Texas Denton USA

Physical activity is a recognized preventive health measure for seniors and an important focus for senior centers. This paper employs the Andersen Behavioral Model to explore increased physical activity and participation in three types of senior center activities: physical fitness, dance/aerobic classes, and chair exercises. Data were collected in 2006 on 798 and in 2007 on 742 participants at 21 multipurpose senior centers in a large urban county. Logistic regression analysis (PROC RLOGIST in SAS-callable SUDAAN) was employed to predict increased physical activity, with modes of center participation in physical activity as mediating factors. Predisposing and enabling factors predicted both engaging in center-based exercise programs and increases in physical activity;but the strongest predictors of increases in physical activity were needed factors: physician recommendations to increase exercise and to lose weight. Implications are that both SCs and healthcare providers are important to promote physical activity in the older population.

关键词： Physical Activity Senior Centers Physician Recommendations Patient Compliance Andersen Behavioral Model

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Tin Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis from Waste Waters

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第2期5卷 50-54页

作者： Jitender Gaur shilpa Jain Suresh Chand Narender Kumar Kaushik Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India J & S Research and Innovations New Delhi India Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India J & S Research and Innovations New Delhi India 3Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India

Tin and its derivatives are extensively used in modern technology tools which lead requirement for development of green methods for its waste management and profitable recycling. Presence of tin in water bodies causes enormous environmental concern due to its acute toxicity to living beings. We demonstrate a simple and zero emission process for extraction of tin ions from aqueous solution using dithiocarbamate-based copolymer and its single step quantitative recovery and transformation into SnS nanoparticles. The polymer shows high metal extraction capacity, 1.06 g SnCl2 per gram of polymer. The polymer metal composite and SnS nanoparticles are analyzed using TEM, FTIR, XRD spectroscopy techniques. The FTIR shows formation of Sn-S bonding in the polymer metal composite. This study has implication for cost effective and green approach for purification of water and waste management.

关键词： Tin Sulfide Nanoparticles Metal Extraction Green Chemistry Hydrothermal Synthesis Water Purification

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Modulation by Insulin of the Co-Localized LDL Receptor in Normal and Type-I Diabetic Subjects

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 231-245页

作者： shilpa Suneja Gopalakrishnan Ramakrishnan Nikhil Tandon N.C. Chandra 不详

Ongoing insulin therapy maintains LDL receptors at highly expressed state in Type-1 diabetic people;yet Type-1 diabetics are liable of having higher plasma LDL level. This disparity has raised doubt on the probability of existence of functionally active LDL receptor in such people. Confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation have made it evident that a portion of insulin and LDL receptors remain together in a co-localized mode, which only gets freed in presence of insulin. The findings of this study have shown that insulin therapy protects Type-1 diabetic people from the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by decimating the inactivity of the co-localized LDL receptors in addition to its regular effect of having increased glucose tolerance. The existence of co-localized state of these two receptors and their dependence on insulin for independent activity has, at least, presented a reason for developing hypercholesterolemia and advanced coronary atherosclerotic lesion in chronic Type-1 diabetic subjects.

关键词： LDL receptor Insulin receptor Type-1 diabetes Atherosclerosis Insulin LDL

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Mortality characteristics during the two waves of COVID-19 in India:A retrospective observational study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2022年第2期11卷 77-84页

作者： Nalini Ramesh Humaney shilpa Sachin Kuthe Shamim Akhtar Vivek K Pande Department of Medicine Nkpsims and Lata Mangeshkar HospitalNagpurIndia

Objective:To evaluate patient demographic characteristics and risk factors for mortality during the first and the second wave among COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital of ***:Data were taken from the hospital’s electronic system for COVID-19 patients from August 2020 to December 2020,and the second from January 2021 to May *** mortality rate,demographic and clinical characteristics,laboratory profile,and reasons for the death of the two waves were retrieved and compared,and the risk factors of the two waves were ***:In the first wave,1177 COVID-19 cases visited the hospital and 96(8.2%)*** comparison,the death rate in the second wave was significantly higher(244/2038,12.0%)(P<0.001).No significant difference in age[60(50-69)vs.60.5(53-70),P=0.11]or gender(P=0.34)was observed between the two *** to the first *** were significantly more cases with fever,cough,weakness,loss of taste and smell,and sore throat during the second wave(P<0.05),but significantly fewer cases with kidney disease(6.6%vs.13.5%,P=0.038)and diabetes mellitus(35.7%vs.50.0%,P=0.015).Besides,during the second wave,more patients had abnormal X-ray findings,higher levels of lymphocytes and serum ferritin(P<0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in the rate of death cases with acidosis,septic shock,acute kidney injury,diabetes mellitus,cardiovascular events,hypothyroidism(P<0.05).Multivariate regression showed that during the first wave,age(OR:1.10;95%CI:1.02-1.21),diabetes mellitus(OR:3.16;95%CI:2.08-3.53),and abnormal X-ray(2.67;95%CI:2.32-2.87)were significant independent risk factors of mortality;while in the second wave,age(OR:1.13;95%CI:1.12-1.28),diabetes mellitus(OR:8.98;95%CI:1.79-45.67),abnormal X-ray(OR:12.83;95%CI:2.32-54.76),high D-dimer(OR:10.89;95%CI:1.56-134.53),and high IL-6(OR:7.89;95%CI:1.18-47.82)were significant independent risk factors of ***:Overall mortality and incidence of severe diseas

关键词： SARS-COV-2 COVID-19 Second wave First wave Pandemic

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