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Cold Agglutinin Disease Prevalence and Immunoglobulin M levels in Patients with Splenomegaly from Endemic Areas for Malaria in Rwanda

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2020年第4期10卷 326-336页

作者： shikama felicien Masaisa Florence Nkusi Eugene Ntirenganya Cyprien Devon Hale Butare University Teaching Hospital Huye Rwanda Kigali University Teaching Hospital Kigali Rwanda Butaro Hospital Burera Rwanda University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah USA

Background: Inhabitants from malaria endemic zones often present with enlarged spleen, mainly due to hyper reactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS), and it is seen more commonly associated with elevated levels of Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Cold agglutinin disease is an acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) that is usually due to cold-reacting IgM autoantibodies directed against red cell antigens. The study was conducted in response to the observed high frequency of transfusion dependent anemia in patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic zones in southern province of Rwanda. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of cold agglutinin disease and to assess the distribution of IgM antibodies among these patients. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted over a period of six months from June 2016 to December 2016. The study enrolled adult population from malaria endemic areas of the southern province of Rwanda with unexplained splenomegaly. Blood samples for testing IgM levels, cold agglutinin, FBC, and markers of hemolysis were collected from peripheral health settings and analyzed at the laboratory of Butare University Teaching Hospital. Results: During the study period, we enrolled 188 participants with enlarged spleen. One hundred twenty-five (66%) were females and 34% were males. The mean (±SD) age of the study participants was 35.6 ± 15.2 years. Out of 188 participants, only 4.8% were found with significantly positive Cold Agglutinin Titer (CAT) (≥1:64) and 84% of participants were found to have elevated serum IgM level. Hemoglobin level, white blood count and platelets count decrease with severity of splenomegaly, while IgM level increases with spleen size. Conclusion: Among patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic areas, IgM levels correlate with the stages of splenomegaly while cold agglutinin disease plays a small role in the etiolo

关键词： Cold Agglutinin Hyperreactive Malarial Splenomegaly Malarial Endemic Areas Rwanda

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Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers in Rwanda: Epidemiological, Clinical and Histopathological Features in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Referral Hospital

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期12卷 286-298页

作者： felicien shikama Steve P. Bensen Robert Giraneza Prosper Ndayisaba Elisée Hategekimana Eric Rutaganda Aloys Tuyizere Tindoho Nkakyekorera Benoit Seminega Francois Ngabonziza Placide Kamali Vincent Dusabejambo Dirk J. van Leeuwen Martin Munyaneza Frederick L. Makrauer Audrey H. Calderwood Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare (CHUB) Department of Gastroenterology Kigali Rwanda Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC) Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology New Hampshire USA Department of Internal Medicine Ruhango District Hospital Kigali Rwanda Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare (CHUB) Department of Pathology Kigali Rwanda Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali (CHUK) Department of Gastroenterology Kigali Rwanda Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare (CHUB) Department of Internal Medicine Kigali Rwanda Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare (CHUB) Department of Radiology Kigali Rwanda Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare (CHUB) Department of General Surgery Kigali Rwanda Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston USA

Background: Scant data on upper gastrointestinal cancers in Rwanda exist to guide potential prevention efforts. We evaluated the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological data among patients with gastric and esophageal tumors at a tertiary Referral Hospital in Rwanda. Methodology: We performed a retrospective review of histologically-confirmed esophageal and gastric cancers in adults age ≥ 18 yrs. old presenting to a university teaching hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Butare) from 2014-2019. Variables included age at diagnosis, sex, clinical presentation, tumor location and histopathological type. Results: There were 149 upper gastrointestinal cancers, of which 137 (92%) were gastric and 12 (8%) were esophageal. Gastric cancer patients had a mean age at presentation of 56.9 ± 12.3 years (range 21 - 87). Presenting symptoms were epigastric pain (78.8%), weight loss (53.3%), post-prandial vomiting (52.6%), early satiety (29.9%), epigastric mass (24.8%), hematemesis (19.7%) and melena (16.8%). The location was antrum 50.3%, corpus 21.8%, fundus 8%, and cardia 8%. Tumor type was adenocarcinoma in 94.1%. Helicobacter pylori infection was present in 108 (78.8%). Esophageal cancer patients had a mean age of 54.4 ± 9.5 years (range 35 - 72). Presenting symptoms were dysphagia (100%) and weight loss (83%). The most common site was lower third esophagus (9/12), and adenocarcinoma cancer subtype accounted for 5/12 (41.6%) cases. Conclusion: Gastric adenocarcinoma was the most commonly diagnosed upper gastrointestinal cancers and was associated with a high prevalence of H. pylori infection. This study lays the foundation for future work to improve cancer outcomes in Rwanda.

关键词： Epidemiology Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer H. pylori Rwanda

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The Research of Sound Energy Harvesters based on Helmholtz Resonator and Acoustic Metamaterial

The Research of Sound Energy Harvesters based on Helmholtz R...

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作者： felicien Terence Ruddy GREDIBERT BIDA 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

声能采集是低功率设备供电的有效方案之一,作为符合环保标准的可再生能源的一部分,声能一旦转化为电能,就可用于为低功率设备供电。虽然在我们的环境中分布着大量的声能,但这种能量的密度很低,给其回收和转换带来了挑战。基于此,本论文... 详细信息

声能采集是低功率设备供电的有效方案之一,作为符合环保标准的可再生能源的一部分,声能一旦转化为电能,就可用于为低功率设备供电。虽然在我们的环境中分布着大量的声能,但这种能量的密度很低,给其回收和转换带来了挑战。基于此,本论文分别研究了基于亥姆霍兹腔和声学超材料的声能放大采集方案,用于改善声能到电能的回收和转换效果。研究了基于亥姆霍兹谐振腔的声能采集器。首先在Solid Works下设计了由锥形腔、压电板、永磁体和线圈构成的亥姆霍兹谐振腔声能采集器,该结构可以同时在压电板和线圈两处采集声能。然后在建模软件COMSOL Multiphysics下进行有限元仿真,研究了亥姆霍兹谐振腔的声压放大效果。分析了不同亥姆霍兹谐振腔结构参数对声能采集的影响。研究结果表明:两个不同结构参数的锥形腔亥姆霍兹收集器在1 Pa压力(90d B)下的共振频率分别为1634 Hz和1745 Hz,各自锥形腔内的声压放大分别达到192 d B SPL和189 d B SPL,实现了声能的有效放大。两种不同结构参数的亥姆霍兹谐振腔声能采集器分别通过压电片和永磁体获得了22 m W、48 m W和18 m W、36 m W的功率。研究了基于声学超材料的声能采集器。首先对比分析圆柱、三角形和方形晶胞对声学超材料声能放大效果的影响。圆柱形晶胞的声学超材料获得了595Hz-756Hz,宽度为161 Hz的带隙,三角形晶胞获得了555 Hz-700 Hz,宽度为145Hz的带隙,方形晶胞的声学超材料获得了584Hz-748 Hz,宽度为164 Hz的带隙。然后,基于宽频采集的需求,选择方形晶胞构造声学超材料板,进行了声能放大效果仿真,结果表明,方形晶胞构成的声学超材料能够有效的实现声能在中间区域的聚集和放大。

关键词：声能采集亥姆霍兹谐振器声学超材料

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无变压器光伏并网变流器的共模电压分析

无变压器光伏并网变流器的共模电压分析

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作者： Irivuzimana felicien 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

目前太阳能、风能等可再生资源被应用得越来越广泛。太阳能以及光伏发电技术具有环境友好和较易获得的特点,受到了人们的欢迎。同时,分布式能源也是应对当今日益增长的人口以及经济的一种解决方案。电力电子技术的发展促进了可再生能源... 详细信息

目前太阳能、风能等可再生资源被应用得越来越广泛。太阳能以及光伏发电技术具有环境友好和较易获得的特点,受到了人们的欢迎。同时,分布式能源也是应对当今日益增长的人口以及经济的一种解决方案。电力电子技术的发展促进了可再生能源的发展和利用,同时也激发了人们的研究热情。大部分光伏系统均需并入电网。当光伏系统及电网间无隔离变压器时,可以提高系统效率,减小系统的体积和造价。然而,光伏池板与大地之间的寄生电容会导致系统中产生共电流。共模电流的存在会损坏光伏池板并且还会带来安全问题,因此需要对其进行抑制。脉宽调制技术及逆变器拓扑的选择对解决共模电流的问题发挥着重要的作用。共模电流是由共模电压的变化导致的。因此,为了减小共模电流使其符合相应的标准,同时保证光伏系统在人机交互时的安全性,也需要对共模电压进行分析。本文主要针对非隔离型光伏并网系统进行调研和分析。本文主要由以下五个章节组成:第1章主要介绍了本文的研究背景、意义、目前所存在的问题以及研究目标。第2章对单相逆变器的共模电压和漏电流进行了分析。对H桥逆变器的共模等效电路进行了详细的介绍。同时推导了相应的数学表达式。对DC和AC侧的解耦方法原理也进行了讨论。第3章对三相逆变器的共模电压和漏电流进行了分析。第4章介绍了研究的结果。同时还介绍了能够同时实现功率解耦及共模电流抑制的逆变器。最后,在第5章中根据上述理论分析和所得结果给出了本文的结论,并且对后续工作进行了展望。

关键词：非隔离共模电压漏电流光伏系统

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Assessment of antidiabetic activity and acute toxicity of leaf extracts from Physalis peruviana *** guinea-pig

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第11期3卷 841-846页

作者： felicien Mushagalusa Kasali Justin Ntokamunda Kadima Pius Tshimankinda Mpiana Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Damien Sha-Tshibey Tshibangu Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine et PharmacyOfficial University of Bukavu Faculty of Medicine National University of Rwanda Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa

Objective:To verify the antidiabetic activity of leaf extracts from Physalis peruviana *** used in the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and to point out the possible ***:Aqueous decoctions prepared from dried leaves powder were administrated to guinea pigs at the dose range of 100 mg/kg to 3.2 g/kg of body *** hypoglycemic activity was evaluated by glucose tolerance test,loading animals with glucose 4 g/kg and measuring blood glucose concentrations at various *** effect was compared to the control and glibenclamide as antidiabetic reference *** toxicity was evaluated by recording mortality rate,changes on blood biomarkers and damage caused to vital ***:At a dose of 100 mg/kg,the aqueous extract induced a significant reduction of peak concentration at 30 min after glucose loading as compared with control or reference(P<0.05).At doses greater than 400 mg,some alterations on blood,kidney and liver markers were *** 800 mg/kg,mortality was observed with LD_(50)estimated at about 1280 mg/*** the autopsy,vital organs were in haemorrhage and swelling ***:The crude aqueous extracts from the leaves of Physalis peruviana *** hypoglycemic aclivily in animal model,but at high doses the plant may cause severe intoxication.

关键词： Physalis peruviana Leaves Antidiabetic Hypoglycemic Toxicity Diabetes

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酸乳发酵凝乳过程中的理化性质和生物活性

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无锡轻工业学院学报 2000年第5期19卷 443-445页

作者：沈辉 Celestin SAB UMUKAMA Etienne NZEYI MANA felicien NIBRKORO 无锡轻工大学食品学院江苏无锡214036 布隆迪大学食品工程系

全脂牛奶在室温发酵制作酸乳过程中 ,其酸度随着发酵时间的延续和微生物添加量的增加而上升 ,pH值则逐渐降低 ;而酸乳粘度则随着发酵时间的延续上升达到最高点开始下降 .当微生物添加量为 4 %～ 5% ,发酵 1 2h时 ,酸乳凝乳良好 ,口感适... 详细信息

全脂牛奶在室温发酵制作酸乳过程中 ,其酸度随着发酵时间的延续和微生物添加量的增加而上升 ,pH值则逐渐降低 ;而酸乳粘度则随着发酵时间的延续上升达到最高点开始下降 .当微生物添加量为 4 %～ 5% ,发酵 1 2h时 ,酸乳凝乳良好 ,口感适宜 ,活性乳酸菌总数达到 1 0 7数量级 .

关键词：酸乳凝乳发酵乳酸菌理化性质生物活性牛奶

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The Management of Lumbosciatic Disc Related Disease at Renaissance University Teaching Hospital of N’Djamena-Chad: About 156 Cases

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2023年第1期13卷 25-32页

作者： Goumantar felicien Toudjingar Yannick Canton Kessely Ngaoussandjim Ndom-Assal Olivier Ouambi Donald Djasde Mahouli Fata Vounki Alio Hamit Mahamat Momar Code Ba Department of Neurosurgery La Renaissance University Hospital N’Djamena Chad Department of Neurosurgery Reference Nationale University Hospital Center N’Djamena Chad Department of Neurosurgery Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Low back disc disease (LSD) is a neurosurgical condition with significant socioeconomic repercussions. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and report the modalities of management. Methodology: This study on lumbosciatic disc disease was carried out in the neurosurgery department of the University Hospital Center (CHU), la Renaissance in N’Djamena. It covered a period of 12 months (from September 2019 to August 2020). A descriptive and an analytical approach were used. The variables studied were epidemiology, clinic, radiology and therapy. Results: the results showed that LSD represented 14.7% of the reasons for consultation in neurosurgery. The average age was 45.8, and to some extent, it ranges between 18 and 76. Lifting was the main reason behind lumbosciatic disc disease with 35.9% of cases, followed by a sedentary life style which represents 30.8%. Lumbosciatica L5 was noted in 49.4%. Obesity and overweight were significant risk factors (P = 0.02) reported in 59% of cases. Motor and sensory deficits were observed in 14.8% and 17.3% of cases, respectively. CT of the lumbar spine was performed in 91% and MRI in 28.9%. The L4-L5 disc herniation represented 74.3% of cases, with a lateral location in 44.2% and L5 radicular impingement in 30.8%. Conservative treatment was instituted in 87.2% and surgical treatment in 12.8% of cases. Conclusion: LSD is caused by a sedentary lifestyle, physical work and overweight. Surgery deals with complicated cases and cases not responding to conservative treatment.

关键词： Lumbosciatica Herniated Disc Surgical Treatment Conservative Treatment Chad

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Unilateral Frontal Sinus Aspergillosis: A Case Report and Review Literature

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2020年第2期10卷 101-106页

作者： Yannick Canton Kessely felicien G. Toudjingar Loobé Regis Mwabanyol Mahamat Ali Bolti Aboubakar Aouami Kader Ndiaye Olivier Ouambi Yusra Aboulbachar Ali Momar Code Ba Neurosurgery Department Hopital “La Renaissance de Ndjari” N’Djamena Tchad

Frontal sinus aspergillosis is a rare infection that can be usually associated with immunocompromised states and life-threatening with high mortality rate. The authors report in a developing country a case of immunocompetent patient with left unilateral frontal headache, associated with left eye ptosis. The Brain CT Scan revealed frontal sinus aspergillosis. She underwent surgery followed by itraconazole cure. The outcome is successful after a period of 14 months with resolution of symptomatology. Anatomopathological examination confirmed aspergillosis. They share their experience of management of this disease in a country where neurosurgery is very young specialty and where molecules against aspergillosis are not available.

关键词： Aspergillosis Fungal Infection Sinus Surgery

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Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Aeollanthus pubescenson Multidrug Resistant Strains of Salmonellaand Escherichia coliIsolated from Laying Hens Farming in Benin

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第9期9卷 804-823页

作者： Aguidissou Oscar Nestor Boko Kadoeito Cyrille Sessou Philippe Yovo Mahudro Komagbe S.Gwladys Ayihou Yannick Alitonou Guy Alain Avlessi felicien Farougou Souaï bou Sohounhloue Koko Codjo Dominique Unite de Recherche sur les Maladies Transmissibles Laboratoire de Recherche en Biologie AppliqueeEcole Polytechnique d’Abomey-CalaviUniversite Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Laboratoire d’etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquee Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-CalaviUniversite Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin

Infections due to Escherichia coli and Salmonella are of the major constraints for the laying hen’s industry as they cause mortality and serious economic losses. The use of conventional antibiotics to control bacterial has shown limits because it allows multidrug-resistance. The main objective of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of essential oil from Aeollanthus pubescens on multidrug resistant strains of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens faming in the department of Atlantique in Benin. Altogether, 11 strains of Salmonella and 16 strains of Escherichia coli have been isolated from 101 samples of different organs including liver, spleen, lung, feces and yolk according to standardized methods and their biochemical profile using API 20E gallery. Test of sensitivity was carried out on 11 antibiotics of six different families on identified strains in order to determine their resistance profile. A sensitivity test was carried out on multi-drug resistant strains with Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil to determine their sensitivity with regard to this essential oil. The results showed that the majority of Salmonella strains presented resistance to Tetracyclines (72.7%) and Sulfonamides (63.6%) and all Escherichia coli strains are resistant to Sulfonamides (100%) followed by Tetracycline (93.75%) and Ampicillin (75%). Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil was active on all the multi-drug resistant strains investigated with Minimal inhibitory concentration varying from 0.41 ± 0 mg/ml to 0.83 ± 0 mg/ml for Salmonella and from 0.41 ± 0 mg/ml to 1.66 ± 0 mg/ml for Escherichia coli (P Salmonella and the multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli investigated. Those results provide alternatives to control poultry bacterial pathologies in Republic of Benin. However, disease due to Escherichia coli and Salmonella must be taken more seriously and study on their resistance to antibiotic must be deepened as well.

关键词： Laying Hens Escherichia coli Salmonella Antibiore-sistance Aeollanthus pubescens

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In VitroSickling Inhibitory Effects and Anti-Sickle Erythrocytes Hemolysis of Dicliptera colorataC. B. Clarke, Euphorbia hirtaL. and Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 43-48页

作者： Pius T. Mpiana Blaise K. Lombe Aladdin M. Ombeni Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Damien S. T. Tshibangu Louisette K. Wimba Dorothée D. Tshilanda felicien K. Mushagalusa Sévérin K. Muyisa Faculté des Sciences Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa D.R. Congo Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Bukavu Bukavu D.R. Congo Université Officielle de Bukavu Bukavu D.R. Congo

Diclipteracolorata C. B. Clarke, Euphorbia hirta L. and Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench are reported among plant species used in Congolese traditional medicine to treat Sickle Cell Disease. These medicinal plants have been investigated for their inhibitory effect on the induced sickling process of red blood cells using Emmel’s test. Aqueous plant extracts showed good antisickling activity as revealed by the observed normal biconcave form of sickle red blood cells in anoxic conditions. The calculated radius of treated red blood cells by Euphorbia hirta L., Diclipteracolorata C. B. Clarke and Sorghum biocolor (L.) Moench extracts are 3.31 ± 0.55;3.34 ± 0.53;3.17 ± 0.52, respectively. Euphorbia hirta L. is the most active with a normalization rate, more than 70%. The chemical screening performed on these plants showed the presence of anthocyanins which were then extracted. The test carried out with anthocyanin extracts showed that these phenolic compounds have a good antisickling activity and, additionally, possess an anti-hemolytic effect on SS blood. This suggests that the evidenced biological activity of these plants would be due to anthocyanins. The results hence obtained justify the use of these plants in Congolese traditional medicine.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Antisickling Activity Anti-Hemolytic Properties Diclipteracolorata Sorghum bicolor Euphorbia hirta Anthocyanins

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