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Brain activity following esophageal acid infusion using positron emission tomography

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5481-5489页

作者： shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Manabu Tashiro Tomoyuki Koike Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Shuichi Ohara Satoshi Watanabe Shin Fukudo Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University Division of Behavioral Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate symptoms and brain activity following esophageal acid infusion. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1 and 2) and distilled water (pH 7) were randomly and repeatedly infused into the esophagus. The brain activity was evaluated by positron emission tomography. The severity of heartburn elicited by the infusion was rated on an auditory analog scale of ***: The severity of heartburn following each infusion showed a step-wise increase with increasing acidity of the perfusate. The heartburn scores were significantly higher in the second pH 1 infusion compared with the first infusion. Acid and distilled water infusion induced activation of various brain areas such as the anterior insula, temporal gyrus, and anterior/ posterior cingulate cortex. At pH 1 or 2, in particular, activation was observed in some emotion-related brain areas such as the more anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, or the temporal pole. Strong activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was found by subtraction analysis of the two second pH 1 infusions, with a significant increase of heartburn symptoms. CONCLUSION: Emotion-related brain areas were activated by esophageal acid stimulation. The orbitofrontal area might be involved in symptom processing, with esophageal sensitization induced by repeated acid stimulation.

关键词： Esophageal acid infusion Brain imaging Positron emission tomography

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Tongue-like Barrett's esophagus is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4196-4203页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara shigeyuki kobayashi Ken Ariizumi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Yoshifumi Inomata Katsuaki Kato Daisuke Shibuya Shigemitsu Aida Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai 980-8574Japan Miyagi Cancer Society Sendai980-0011Japan Department of Gastroenterlogy Sendai City HospitalSendai 984-8501Japan

AIM:To test this hypothesis of barrett esophagus (BE) classified into two types and to further determine if there was any correlation between the shape of endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia (ESEM), prevalence of reflux esophagitis (RE) and heartburn. METHODS: A total of 6504 Japanese who underwent endoscopy for their annual stomach check-up were enrolled in this study. BE was detected without histological confirmation that is ESEM. We originally classified cases of ESEM into 3 types based on its shape: Tongue-like (T type), Dome-like (D type) and Wave-like (W type) ESEM. The respective subjects were prospectively asked to complete questionnaires concerning the symptoms of heartburn, dysphagia, and abdominal pain for a one-month period. RESULTS: ESEM was observed in 10.3% of 6504 subjects (ESEM < 1 cm, 9.4%; 1 cm ≤ ESEM < 3 cm, 1.7%; ESEM ≥ 3 cm, 0.5%). The frequency of ESEM was significantly higher in males compared with female subjects. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of heartburn and RE were significantly higher in the T type ESEM than in the W type ESEM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The T type ESEM was strongly associated with reflux symptoms and RE whereas the W type ESEM was not associated with GERD.

关键词： Tongue-like endoscopically suspectedesophageal metaplasia Dome-like endoscopicallysuspected esophageal metaplasia Wave-likeendoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia Gastroesophageal reflux disease

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Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in a large unselected general population in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1358-1364页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara shigeyuki kobayashi Ken Ariizumi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Yoshifumi Inomata Katsuaki Kato Daisuke Shibuya Shigemitsu Aida Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai CityJapan Miyagi Cancer Society Sendai CityJapan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai City Hospital Sendai cityJapan Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai CityJapan

AIM:To examine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in a large unselected general population in Japan. METHODS: In Japan, mature adults are offered regular check-ups for the prevention of gastric cancer. A notice was sent by mail to all inhabitants aged > 40 years. A total of 160 983 Japanese (60 774 male, 100 209 female; mean age 61.9 years) who underwent a stomach check up were enrolled in this study. In addition, from these 160 983 subjects, we randomly selected a total of 82 894 (34 275 male, 48 619 female; mean age 62.4 years) to evaluate the prevalence of abdominal pain. The respective subjects were prospectively asked to complete questionnaires concerning the symptoms of heartburn, dysphagia, and abdominal pain for a 1 mo period. RESULTS: The respective prevalences of the symptoms in males and females were: heartburn, 15.8% vs 20.7%; dysphagia, 5.4% vs 7.8%; and abdominal pain, 6.6% vs 9.6%. Among these symptoms, heartburn was significantly high compared with the other symptoms, and the prevalence of heartburn was significantly more frequent in females than in males in the 60-89-year agegroup. Dysphagia was also significantly more frequent in female patients. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of typical GERD symptoms (heartburn) was high, at about 20% of the Japan population, and the frequency was especially high in females in the 60-89 year age group.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Heartburn Dysphagia Abdominal pain

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Early effects of Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets on intragastric pH in CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2049-2054页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Toru Horii Ryousuke Kikuchi shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Kaori Suzuki Takanori Hishinuma Junichi Goto Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Clinical Pharmacy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Pharmacotherapy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan

AIM: To compare rabeprazole (RPZ; 10 mg) with Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets (LPZ; 30 mg OD) in terms of antisecretory activity and blood drug concentration after a single dose. METHODS: Eight H pylori-negative cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 extensive metabolizers were assigned to receive a single oral dose of RPZ 10 mg or LPZ 30 mg OD. Twelve hour intragastric pH monitoring was perform- ed on the day of treatment. Blood samples were also collected after the administration of each drug. RESULTS: LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in blood drug concentration than RPZ 10 mg; consequently, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in median pH in the third and fourth hours of the study. CONCLUSION: In H pylori-negative CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly faster inhibition of gastric acid secretion than RPZ 10 mg.

关键词： LPZ 30 mg orally disintegrating tablets Intragastric pH Blood drug concentration Cytochrome P450 2C19 extensive metabolizers H pylori-negative

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Stronger inhibition of gastric acid secretion by lafutidine, a novel H_2 receptor antagonist, than by the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2406-2410页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Toru Horii Ryousuke Kikuchi shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Kaori Suzuki Takanori Hishinuma Junichi Goto Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Clinical Pharmacy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Pharmacotherapy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital Sendai 9808574 Japan

AIM: To compare the antisecretory activity and plasma drug concentrations of a single oral dose of 10 mg lafutidine, a novel H2 receptor antagonist, with those of the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole (LPZ) 30 mg. METHODS: Ten volunteers without H pylori infection participated in this crossover study comparing lafutidine 10 mg with LPZ 30 mg. Intragastric pH was monitored for 6 h in all participants, and blood samples were collected from four randomly selected individuals after single-dose administration of each drug. RESULTS: The median intragastric pH was significantly higher in individuals who received lafutidine 10 mg than in those who received LPZ 30 mg 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h after administration. Maximal plasma drug concentration was reached more promptly with lafutidine 10 mg than with LPZ 30 mg. CONCLUSION: In H pylori-negative individuals, gastric acid secretion is more markedly inhibited by lafutidinethan by LPZ.

关键词： Lafutidine Lansoprazole H2 receptor antagonists Proton pump inhibitors Antisecretory activity

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Involvement of gonadal soma-derived factor in the reproduction of teleosts

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 417-421页

作者： Tohru kobayashi Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuoka422-8526Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences University of ShizuokaShizuoka422-8526Japan

Gonadal soma-derived factor(Gsdf)is a member of the transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)superfamily and a teleost-specific *** studies suggested that Gsdf promotes spermatogonial proliferation;however recent reports have shed light on its role in sex differentiation based on expression profiles and gain-and loss-of-function *** paper discusses the involvement of Gsdf in gonadal sex differentiation and sex changes in teleosts.

关键词： Teleosts Medaka Gsdf Sex determination Sex differentiation Sex change Pituitary

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利用动态子结构系统和MDOF接触网模型对受电弓/接触网系统进行混合仿真测试

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国外铁道车辆 2021年第4期58卷 32-37页

作者： [日]shigeyuki kobayashi [日]Yoshitaka YAMASHITA [日]Takayuki USUDA 岳枰屹(译) 刘宏友(校) 不详

本文基于动态子结构系统(DSS),提出一种受电弓/接触网系统混合仿真(HS)法。与逆传递函数法等常用方法相比,DSS能够更好地避免作动器动力学不稳定性,能更精确地描述受电弓与接触网之间的动力学响应。

关键词：受电弓/接触网系统动态子结构混合仿真日本

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Comparison of incidence of acute kidney injury after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with that after open retropubic and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomies in patients with prostate cancer

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 139-143页

作者： Shunsuke Sato Toshiaki Tanaka Takeshi Maehana Kohei Hashimoto Ko kobayashi Naoya Masumori Department of Urology Sapporo Medical UniversitySapporoJapan

Background:We retrospectively evaluated the postoperative renal function in patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy to compare the incidences of postoperative acute kidney injury(AKI)among the patients who had undergone robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),retropubic radical prostatectomy(RRP),and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(exLRP).Materials and methods:Patients with prostate cancer who had undergone radical prostatectomy at our institution between 2008 and 2014 were ***-assisted radical prostatectomy was performed using an intraperitoneal approach in a 25-degree Trendelenburg position,whereas other procedures were performed with the patient in the supine *** evaluated the serum creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates immediately after surgery and on postoperative day *** evaluated the incidence of AKI after prostatectomy using the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria of the Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes ***:A total of 150 consecutive patients were included,with each of the 3 groups(RARP,RRP,and exLRP)comprising 50 *** AKI was observed in 15(30.0%),1(2.0%),and 3(6.0%)patients in the RARP,RRP,and exLRP groups,*** 1 AKI was observed in all the patients except *** incidence of AKI in RARP group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(p<0.001).In the RARP group,the serum creatinine level was significantly elevated immediately after the surgery;however,it returned to baseline on postoperative day *** procedures were the only independent factor associated with AKI ***:This study suggest that compared with RRP and exLRP,RARP is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative AKI,although most patients recover ***-abdominal pneumoperitoneum may contribute to AKI onset.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Renal function Prostatectomy

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Fundamental Study on Response Properties of Structures Constructed on Lunar Regolith

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第1期13卷 27-40页

作者： Yuji Miyamoto Takaharu Nakano Toshio kobayashi Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan SANSEI Inc. Tokyo Japan

The Artemis Program, for constructing the lunar base, is in progress. How to design and construct architectural and civil engineering structures in the lunar environment has become an important issue. The lunar surface is covered with soft sand, called regolith, and it is required to protect lunar bases and structures, as well as internal precision equipment, against vibrational disturbances such as moonquakes and meteorite collisions. Therefore, in this study, the static and cyclic triaxial compression tests of the regolith simulant were conducted. The reference strain and equivalent damping factor of the regolith simulant were smaller compared to sandy soil on Earth. In addition, a shaking table test using model specimens was conducted on the response properties of regolith ground alone and structures set on regolith ground. The buried foundation and pile foundation notably suppressed the horizontal response attributed to the rocking component compared to a direct foundation.

关键词： Lunar Development Regolith Soil-Structure Interaction Triaxial Compression Test Shaking Table Test

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TiO₂-PES Fibrous Composite Material for Ammonia Removal Using UV-A Photocatalyst

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 1-19页

作者： Anh Phuong Le Thi Masaru Ohshiro Takaomi kobayashi Department of Science and Technology Innovation Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan Kasai Corporation Niigata Japan

This study focused on the development and characterization of TiO2-PES composite fibers with varying TiO2 loading amounts using a phase inversion process. The resulting composite fibers exhibited a sponge-like structure with embedded TiO2 nanoparticles within a polymer matrix. Their photocatalytic performance for ammonia removal from aqueous solutions under UV-A light exposure was thoroughly investigated. The findings revealed that PeTi8 composite fibers displayed superior adsorption capacity compared to other samples. Moreover, the study explored the impact of pH, light intensity, and catalyst dosage on the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia. Adsorption equilibrium isotherms closely followed the Langmuir model, with the results indicating a correlation between qm values of 2.49 mg/g and the porous structure of the adsorbents. The research underscored the efficacy of TiO2 composite fibers in the photocatalytic removal of aqueous under UV-A light. Notably, increasing the distance between the photocatalyst and the light source resulted in de-creased hydroxyl radical concentration, influencing photocatalytic efficiency. These findings contribute to our understanding of TiO2 composite fibers as promising photocatalysts for ammonia removal in water treatment applications.

关键词： Ammonia Removal Photocatalyst TiO2-PES Composite Fiber Fibrous Material

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