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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 832-852页

作者： Katsuto Shimizu Tetsuji ota Nariaki Onda Nobuya Mizoue Department of Forest Management Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteIbarakiJapan Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Tohoku Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteIwateJapan

Mapping of deforestation,forest degradation,and recovery is essential to characterize country-level forest change and formulate mitigation *** studies have mainly used a simple forest/non-forest classification after forest disturbance to identify deforestation and forest ***,a more flexible approach that is applicable to different forest conditions is *** this study,we examined an approach for mapping deforestation,forest degradation,and recovery using disturbance types and tree canopy cover estimates from annual Landsat time-series data from 1988 to 2020 across *** developed models to estimate both disturbance types and tree canopy cover based on a random forest algorithm using predictor variables derived from a trajectory-based temporal segmentation *** estimated disturbance types and canopy cover in each year were then used in a rule-based classification of deforestation,forest degradation,and *** producer’s and user’s accuracies ranged from 59.1%to 72.9%and 60.8%to 91.6%,respectively,for the forest change classes of mapping deforestation,forest degradation,and *** approach developed here can be adjusted for different definitions of deforestation,forest degradation,and recovery according to research objectives and thus has the potential to be applied to other study areas.

关键词： Deforestation degradation time series Google Earth Engine tropical forest

Energy Efficiency of a Multi-Core Processor by Tag Reduction

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2011年第3期26卷 491-503页

作者：郑龙董冕雄 Kaoru ota 金海 Song Guo 马俊 School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580 Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

We consider the energy saving problem for caches on a multi-core processor. In the previous research on low power processors, there are various methods to reduce power dissipation. Tag reduction is one of them. This paper extends the tag reduction technique on a single-core processor to a multi-core processor and investigates the potential of energy saving for multi-core processors. We formulate our approach as an equivalent problem which is to find an assignment of the whole instruction pages in the physical memory to a set of cores such that the tag-reduction conflicts for each core can be mostly avoided or reduced. We then propose three algorithms using different heuristics for this assignment problem. We provide convincing experimental results by collecting experimental data from a real operating system instead of the traditional way using a processor simulator that cannot simulate operating system functions and the full memory hierarchy. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithms can save total energy up to 83.93% on an 8-core processor and 76.16% on a 4-core processor in average compared to the one that the tag-reduction is not used for. They also significantly outperform the tag reduction based algorithm on a single-core processor.

关键词： tag reduction multi-core processor energy efficiency

Analysis for Effects of Temperature Rise of PV Modules upon Driving Distance of Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaic Electric Vehicles

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 131-150页

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Yasuyuki ota Taizo Masuda Christian Thiel Anastasios Tsakalidis Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau Kenji Araki Kensuke Nishioka Tatsuya Takamoto Takashi Nakado Kazumi Yamada Tsutomu Tanimoto Yosuke Tomita Yusuke Zushi Kenichi Okumura Takashi Mabuchi Akinori Satou Kyotaro Nakamura Ryo Ozaki Nobuaki Kojima Yoshio Ohshita Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya Japan Faculty of Engineering Miyazaki University Miyazaki Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Susono Japan European Commission— Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy Sharp Corporation Nara Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota Japan Nissan Motor Corporation Yokosuka Japan

The development of vehicle integrated photovoltaics-powered electric vehicles (VIPV-EV) significantly reduces CO2 emissions from the transport sector to realize a decarbonized society. Although long-distance driving of VIPV-EV without electricity charging is expected in sunny regions, driving distance of VIPV-EV is affected by climate conditions such as solar irradiation and temperature rise of PV modules. In this paper, detailed analytical results for effects of climate conditions such as solar irradiation and temperature rise of PV modules upon driving distance of the VIPV-EV were presented by using test data for Toyota Prius and Nissan Van demonstration cars installed with high-efficiency InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs 3-junction solar cell modules with a module efficiency of more than 30%. The temperature rise of some PV modules studied in this study was shown to be expressed by some coefficients related to solar irradiation, wind speed and radiative cooling. The potential of VIPV-EV to be deployed in 10 major cities was also analyzed. Although sunshine cities such as Phoenix show the high reduction ratio of driving range with 17% due to temperature rise of VIPV modules, populous cities such as Tokyo show low reduction ratio of 9%. It was also shown in this paper that the difference between the driving distance of VIPV-EV driving in the morning and the afternoon is due to PV modules’ radiative cooling. In addition, the importance of heat dissipation of PV modules and the development of high-efficiency PV modules with better temperature coefficients was suggested in order to expand driving range of VIPV-EV. The effects of air-conditioner usage and partial shading in addition to the effects of temperature rise of VIPV modules were suggested as the other power losses of VIPV-EV.

关键词： Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics (VIPV) VIPV-Powered Electric Vehicles Driving Distance PV Modules Solar Irradiation Temperature Rise Radiative Cooling

Experimental investigation on cohesionless sandy bank failure resulting from water level rising

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第1期33卷 47-56页

作者： Ryosuke Arai Kazuyuki ota Takahiro Sato Yasushi Toyoda Fluid Dynamics Sector Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry

In the last decade, sediment replenishment forming cohesionless sandy banks below dams has become an increasingly common practice in Japan to compensate for sediment deficits downstream. The erosion process of the placed cohesionless sediment is a combination of lateral toe-erosion and the following mass failure. To explore cohesionless bank failure mechanisms, a series of experiments was done in a soil tank using a compacted sandy soil mass exposed to an increasing water level. Two types of uniform sand(D50= 0.40 mm and 0.17 mm) and two bank heights（50 cm and 25 cm） were used under the condition of a constant bank slope of 75°. The three dimensional（3D） geometry of the bank after failure was measured using a handheld 3D scanner. The motion of bank failure was captured using the particle image velocimetry（PIV） technique, and the matric suction was measured by tensiometers. The compacted sandy soil was eroded by loss of matric suction accompanying the rise in water level which subsequently caused rotational slide and cantilever toppling failure due to destabilization of the bank. The effect of erosion protection resulting from the slumped blocks after these failures is discussed in the light of different failure mechanisms. Tensile strength is analyzed by inverse calculation of cantilever toppling failure events. The tensile strength had non-linear relation with degree of saturation and showed a *** findings of the study show that it is important to incorporate the non-linear relation of tensile strength into stability analysis of cantilever toppling failure and prediction of tension crack depth within unsaturated cohesionless banks.

关键词： Riverbank erosion Matric suction Cohesionless bank Tensile strength

Sustainable Campus Initiative at Keio University after the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第2期3卷 123-130页

作者： Yingjiu Bai Yasushi Ikeda Shizuko ota Hikaru Kobayashi Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio UniversityKanagawa 252-8520Japan Office of Environmental Information Minister’s SecretariatMinistry of the EnvironmentGovernment of JapanTokyo 100-8975Japan

After the shock of the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011, the issue of local sustainability is presently center stage in the Japanese political process, and educational and research values are imperative for long-term cost savings, risk management, and clean, efficient energy generation. This study illustrates the Sustainable Campus Initiative approach at Keio University that students have been undertaking to make the campus more sustainable and resilient during post-disaster restoration. To unveil innovative recovery concepts, processes, and social challenges, several outcomes that maximize energy efficiency and conservation opportunities are discussed. The results indicate that the Sustainable Campus Initiative contributed to energy relief in the summer of 2011. It made campus life more creative during a period when the 15 percent mandatory power-saving order by the government to big clients of Tokyo and Tohoku Electric was established. Pilot experiments provide a useful example of how the communications media have an extraordinary ability to increase public understanding of social issues. Since the March 11 disaster, power shortages have redirected renewed attention to fossil fuels. As large energy consumers, universities have an increased responsibility to demonstrate their commitment to sustainable design and encourage innovative development concepts in their regions in the future.

关键词： disaster Great Earthquake

Event-Oriented Dynamic Security Service for Demand Response in Smart Grid Employing Mobile Networks

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China Communications 2015年第12期12卷 63-75页

作者： GUO Longhua DONG Mianxiong Kaoru ota WU Jun LI Jianhua School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Information and ElectronicEngineering Muroran Institute of Technology

Equipped with millions of sensors and smart meters in smart gird,a reliable and resilient wireless communication technology is badly *** networks are among the major energy communication networks which contribute to global energy consumption increase *** one of core technologies of smart grid employing mobile networks,Demand Response(DR) helps improving efficiency,reliability and security for electric power grid *** of DR events is one of the most important issues in ***,the security requirements of different DR events are dynamic for variousactual *** address this,an event-oriented dynamic security service mechanism is proposed for *** kinds of security services including security access service,security communication service and security analysis service for DR event are composited dynamically by the fine-grained sub *** experiment prototype of the network of State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC) is *** and evaluations shows the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in smart grid employing mobile network.

关键词： dynamically smart overhead infrastructure broadcast badly password electricity prototype authentication

The effect of weeding frequency and schedule on weeding operation time: a simulation study on a sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation in Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2129-2135页

作者： Keiko Fukumoto Tetsuji ota Nobuya Mizoue Shigejiro Yoshida Yukio Teraoka Tsuyoshi Kajisa Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University1-21-24 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0065Japan Forest and Forest Products Research Institute Forest Research and Management Organization1 MatsunosatoTsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687Japan

This study quantified the effect of weeding frequency and weeding schedules on weeding operation time in a sugi(Cryptomeria japonica)plantation stand.A weeding operation time estimation model was developed;then the cumulative weeding operation time after six growing seasons was simulated using the developed *** developed model included weed height,relative height of weeds to sugi,and initial planting *** simulated cumulative weeding operation time decreased approximately 6%for each one-treatment decrease in weeding *** a three-treatment weeding frequency scenario,the simulated cumulative operation time when weeding was conducted during non-consecutive years was longer than that when weeding was conducted during three consecutive *** results suggest that carrying out weeding treatment during consecutive years is the more effective for reduction of weeding *** conclude that weeding schedule as well as weeding frequency must be considered for reduction of weeding operation time.

关键词： Weeding Operation time Simulation Lowcost silviculture Growth model

Effects of Ocean Particles on the Upwelling Radiance and Polarized Radiance in the Atmosphere–Ocean System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第9期32卷 1186-1196页

作者： SHI Chong WANG Pucai Teruyuki NAKAJIMA Yoshifumi ota TAN Saichun SHI Guangyu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on a vector radiative transfer model of the atmosphere–ocean system,the influence of oceanic components on radiation processes,including polarization effects,was investigated in the wavelength region ranging from 0.380 to 0.865 μ*** components considered were phytoplankton,inorganic suspended material（sediment）,and colored,dissolved organic *** to their important roles in oceanic radiation processes,the sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance to the rough ocean surface,represented by the wind velocity 10 m above the ocean surface,and aerosol,were taken into *** results demonstrated that both radiance and polarized radiance just below the ocean surface were sensitive to the change of the concentrations of the considered components,while the dependence of polarized radiance on the observation geometry was more sensitive than *** differences in the specular plane existed between the impacts of the phytoplankton and sediment on the degree of polarization just above the ocean surface at 670 *** the top of the atmosphere（TOA）,polarization was relatively insensitive to changing concentrations of ocean particles at longer ***,the radiance at the TOA in the solar plane was more sensitive to the aerosol optical thickness than wind *** contrast,wind velocity strongly influenced the radiance at the TOA in the sun glint region,while the polarization degree showed less dependence in that ***,a nonlinear optimal inversion method was proposed to simultaneously retrieve the aerosol and wind velocity using radiance measurement.

关键词： ocean particles atmosphere–ocean system radiative transfer polarization ocean color

Decomposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) on Mineral Surface under Controlled Relative Humidity

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第2期80卷 185-191页

作者： Shuji TAMAMURA Tsutomu SATO Yukie ota Ning TANG Kazuichi HAYAKAWA Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa lshikawa Japan Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa University lshikawa Japan

The fate of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons （PAHs） residing in the atmosphere has received enormous attention in recent years due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic risks on human health. In this context, the stability of pyrene （as a representative PAHs） on quartz, alumina, montmorillonite, kaolinite, humic acid and quartz coated with sorbed humic acid was investigated at controlled relative humidity （RH： i.e. 5% and 30%） without light irradiation in order to detect the presence of catalytic effect of mineral surface on PAHs decomposition. The stability of pyrene was found to depend strongly on the physicochemical properties of the substrates. Quartz showed a strong catalytic effect for the decomposition of pyrene even though it was coated with sorbed humic acid. Pyrene sorbed on montmorillonite and humic acid remained stable during the experimental period （i.e. 3 days）. Moisture in the experimental cell also affected the stability of pyrene in particular minerals. Especially, pyrene sorbed on alumina was rapidly decomposed at higher RH. However, there were almost no effect in the case of quartz, kaolinite and humic acid. Depending on the physicochemical properties of aerosols and RH, PAHs associated with minerals in the atmosphere would be decomposed and/or stably reside in the atmosphere.

关键词： mineral PAHs relative humidity decomposition

A case of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia with spheroidal degeneration:a clinicopathological study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第8期15卷 1401-1403页

作者： Shoichiro ota Satoru Kase Takayuki Tanaka Susumu Ishida Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8638Japan

Dear Editor,I am Shoichiro ota from Hokkaido University hospital,*** intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)is a disease concept that includes dysplasia and carcinoma in ***,CIN is characterized by tumor cell proliferation located within the epithelium with preservation of the basement membrane[1].In addition to histological diagnosis,anterior segment optical coherence tomography(ASOCT)plays an important role in clinical diagnosis,showing diffuse epithelial thickening with homogeneous high-intensity reflection in case of CIN[2-3].

关键词： diagnosis degeneration neoplasia