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国外医药（抗生素分册） 1989年第4期10卷 256-261页

作者： shigeaki Ichikawa 张荣富

从自然界分离的微生物的抗生素生产力不适应于商业化生产。在微生物的野生型菌株中,初级和次级代谢均系紧密受控。因此,为了增加发酵产量,长期以来试图阐明其生物合成途径和调节机理,然后结合菌株改良和环境控制,例如前体的补加来消除... 详细信息

从自然界分离的微生物的抗生素生产力不适应于商业化生产。在微生物的野生型菌株中,初级和次级代谢均系紧密受控。因此,为了增加发酵产量,长期以来试图阐明其生物合成途径和调节机理,然后结合菌株改良和环境控制,例如前体的补加来消除或绕过(bypass)其调节机理。

关键词： β内酰胺抗生素氨基酸前体合成

An Iteration Method to Solve the Boundary Layer Flow past a Flat Plate

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2014年第4期2卷 35-40页

作者： Ken-ichi Kusukawa shigeaki Suwa Takeo R. M. Nakagawa Jusup Balasagyn Kyrgyz National University Frunze Str. Bishkek Kyrgyz Republic National Defense Academy Yokosuka Japan Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachiohji Japan

An iteration method similar to the thin-wing-expansion method for the compressible flow has been proposed to solve the boundary layer flow past a flat plate. Using such an iteration, the first step of which is Oseen’s approximation, the boundary layer past a flat plate is studied. As proceeding from the first approximation to the second and third approximations, it is realized that our solution approaches to a well known Howarth’s bench mark one gradually. Hence, it is concluded that the usefulness of the present method has been confirmed.

关键词： Boundary Layer Flow Mathematical Analysis Iteration Method Approximate Solution Navier-Stokes Equation

Low serum adiponectin level is predictor of arterial stiffness in new onset diabetes after renal transplantation

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第3期2卷 327-331页

作者： Kenji Nishimura Toshiaki Hirai shigeaki Nakazawa Kazuaki Yamanaka Hidefumi Kishikawa Yasuji Ichikawa Department of Urology Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital Nishinomiya Japan

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the level of adiponectin in serum of renal transplant patients is associated with arterial stiffness related to new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT). Methods: A total of 90 previously non-diabetic patients who underwent renal transplantation between 1999 and 2009 were enrolled. We evaluated their diabetic risk factors, lipid profiles, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), ankle-brachial blood pressure index (ABPI) and serum adiponectin level before and after transplantation. Results: Eleven (12.2%) patients were diagnosed with NODAT and 79 (87.8%) without (non-NO-DAT). The mean post-transplant serum adiponectin level in NODAT patients was significantly lower than that in non-NODAT patients (11.9 vs. 16.4 μg/ml, p = 0.01), whereas the mean baPWV level in NODAT patients was significantly higher (1686 vs. 1468 cm/s, p = 0.016). We found a significant inverse correlation between mean pre-transplant serum adiponectin and baPWV level (r = -0.27, p = 0.011). Furthermore, patients with lower pretransplant serum adiponectin levels (<20 μg/ml) developed NODAT significantly more frequently than those with higher levels (p = 0.038) and the mean baPWV level in the former was also significantly higher (1520 vs. 1412 cm/s, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Our results indicate that low pre-transplant serum adiponectin level is associated with arterial stiffness in development of NODAT in patients who undergo renal transplantation.

关键词： Adiponectin Arterial Stiffness NODAT PWV

Spatial Distribution of Regenerated Woody Plants in <i>Alnus hirsuta</i>(Turcz.) var. <i>sibirica</i>Stand in Japan

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第2期5卷 210-220页

作者： Hiroyuki Tobita Satoshi Nanami shigeaki F. Hasegawa Kenichi Yazaki Masabumi Komatsu Mitsutoshi Kitao Present Address: Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba Japan Previous Address: Laboratory of Forest Ecology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Osaka Japan Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

The role of N2 fixation in structuring plant communities and influencing ecosystem function will be potentially large. In previous study, we investigated nodule biomass and activity, and calculated the amount of N2 fixation in a naturally established 18-year-old alder (Alnus hirsute (Turcz.) var. sibirica) stand following disturbance by road construction in Takayama, central Japan. In this study, to estimate the facilitation effects by alder on the spatial distribution of the regenerated tree species, we examined the distribution pattern of the regenerated tree species in this naturally established 18-year-old alder stand. The distribution pattern of alder and the regenerated woody species was analyzed in terms of spatial point processes and the regenerated species tended to distribute near the alder site. In particular, bird-dispersed tree species (endozoochory species) with relatively high shade tolerance showed a significant attraction to alder. These results suggest that alder will be used as roost trees and play the role of mother trees for these regenerated species at the degraded site. It was also suggested that the endozoochory species, which occupy 13 of 26 regenerated species in this stand, might regenerate faster than other species at this alder stand.

关键词： Bird-Dispersal N2 Fixation Roost Trees Spatial Distribution Succession

Embryonic stem cells develop into hepatocytes after intrasplenic transplantation in CCl_4-treated mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 866-873页

作者： Kei Moriya Masahide Yoshikawa Ko Saito Yukiteru Ouji Mariko Nishiofuku Noriko Hayashi shigeaki Ishizaka Hiroshi Fukui Division of Hepatology Third Department of Internal Medicine Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara Nara 634-8521 Japan Division of Developmental Biology Department of Parasitology Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara Nara 634-8521 Japan

AIM: To transplant undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells into the spleens of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated mice to determine their ability to differentiate into hepatocytes in the liver. METHODS: CCl4, 0.5 mL/kg body weight, was injected into the peritoneum of C57BL/6 mice twice a week for 5 wk. In group 1 (n = 12), 1 x 105 undifferentiated ES cells (0.1 mL of 1 x 106/mL solution), genetically labeled with GFP, were transplanted into the spleens 1 d after the second injection. Group 2 mice (n = 12) were injected with 0.2 mL of saline twice a week, instead of CCl4, and the same amount of ES cells was transplanted into the spleens. Group 3 mice (n = 6) were treated with CCl4 and injected with 0.1 mL of saline into the spleen, instead of ES cells. Histochemical analyses of the livers were performed on post-transplantation d (PD) 10, 20, and 30. RESULTS: Considerable numbers of GFP-immunopositive cells were found in the periportal regions in group 1 mice (CCl4-treated) on PD 10, however, not in those untreated with CCl4 (group 2). The GFP-positive cells were also immunopositive for albumin (ALB), alpha-1 antitrypsin, cytokeratin 18, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha on PD 20. Interestingly, most of the GFP-positive cells were immunopositive for DLK, a hepatoblast marker, on PD 10. Although very few ES-derived cells were demonstrated immunohistologically in the livers of group 1 mice on PD 30, improvements in liver fibrosis were observed. Unexpectedly, liver tumor formation was not observed in any of the mice that received ES cell transplantationduring the experimental period. CONCLUSION: Undifferentiated ES cells developed into hepatocyte-like cells with appropriate integration into tissue, without uncontrolled cell growth.

关键词：胚胎干细胞肝细胞分化脾内移植 CCl4处理小白鼠

Comparison of Gluteal Muscle Intramuscular Injection Sites of Japanese Healthy Subjects: Considerations for Optimal Insertion of Injection Needle Length

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第2期6卷 203-212页

作者： shigeaki Masuda Yuko Yasuhara Tetsuya Tanioka Asumi Atsuta Kazushi Motoki Kensaku Takase Rozzano C. Locsin Faculty of Nursing School of Medicine Nara Medical University Nara Japan Department of Nursing Tokushima University Graduate School of Health Sciences Tokushima Japan Departmentof Nursing Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Medical Technology Division Tokushima Prefectural Kaifu Hospital Tokushima Japan Department of Neurosurgery Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital Tokushima Japan

Long Acting Injectable (LAI) medications for patients with schizophrenia is commonly administered to relieve their symptoms. Through shared decision-making and clinical evidence-based, psychiatrists should systematically offer LAIs to all patients requiring long-term antipsychotic treatment as a first-line treatment. Gluteal intramuscular (IM) injection requires accurate insertion of needles into the specific muscle area, often the outer upper quadrant of the buttocks, in order to achieve the required blood concentration. The purposes of this study were to compare the “Distance from the Epidermis to the Under-Fascia (DEUF)” and “Distance from the Epidermis to the Iliac Bone (DEB)” of the buttocks IM injection sites at the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal sites among healthy Japanese volunteer subjects, and to identify the optimal insertion injection needle length. The DEUF and DEB at the gluteal regions were measured by ultrasonography. Welch’s one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the DEUF and the DEB at the gluteal IM injection regions. There was no statistically significant difference observed between the right and left mean values of DEUF for Hochstetter and Clark’s point at the ventrogluteal sites, and the Four and Three-way split or Double Cross point at the dorsogluteal sites. However in the DEB, the Hochstetter’s point (P < 0.01) at ventrogluteal site on the right side, and Clark’s point (P < 0.05) were significantly shorter than the Double Cross point at dorsogluteal sites (F = 4.38). The left buttocks Hochstetter’s point was significantly shorter than the Double Cross point (F = 4.38, P < 0.01). These results, however, did not establish a statistically significant difference in the DEUF among injection sites. It was considered that the difference in the DEB depended on muscle volume and thickness in the gluteal injection sites.

关键词： Intramuscular Injection Dorsogluteal Ventrogluteal Ultrasonography Distance from the Epidermis to the Under-Fascia Distance from the Epidermis to the Iliac Bone Optimal Insertion Injection Needle Length

Anti-inflammatory activity of probiotic Bifidobacterium: Enhancement of IL-10 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from ulcerative colitis patients and inhibition of IL-8 secretion in HT-29 cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第16期14卷 2511-2516页

作者： Akemi Imaoka Tatsuichiro Shima Kimitoshi Kato shigeaki Mizuno Toshiki Uehara Satoshi Matsumoto Hiromi Setoyama Taeko Hara Yoshinori Umesaki Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research Yaho Kunitachi Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nihon University School of Medicine

AIM: To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of probiotic Bifidobacteria in Bifidobacteria-fermented milk (BFM) which is effective against active ulcerative colitis (UC) and exacerbations of UC, and to explore the immunoregulatory mechanisms. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from UC patients or HT-29 cells were co-cultured with heat-killed probiotic bacteria or culture supernatant of Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult (BbrY) or Bifidobacterium bifidum strain Yakult (BbiY) to estimate the amount of IL-10 or IL-8 secreted. RESULTS: Both strains of probiotic Bifidobacteria contained in the BFM induced IL-10 production in PBMNC from UC patients, though BbrY was more effective than BbiY. Conditioned medium (CM) and DNA of both strains inhibited IL-8 secretion in HT-29 cells stimulated with TNF-α, whereas no such effect was observed with heat- killed bacteria. The inhibitory effect of CM derived from BbiY was greater than that of CM derived from BbrY. DNAs of the two strains had a comparable inhibitory activity against the secretion of IL-8. CM of BbiY induced a repression of IL-8 gene expression with a higher expression of IκB-ζ mRNA 4 h after culture of HT-29 cells compared to that in the absence of ***: Probiotic Bifidobacterium strains in BFM enhance IL-10 production in PBMNC and inhibit IL-8 secretion in intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that BFM has anti-inflammatory effects against ulcerative colitis.

关键词：大肠炎非急性疾病白介素-8 双歧杆菌

Promoted differentiation of cynomolgus monkey ES cells into hepatocyte-like cells by co-culture with mouse fetal liver-derived cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第42期12卷 6818-6827页

作者： Ko Saito Masahide Yoshikawa Yukiteru Ouji Kei Moriya Mariko Nishiofuku Shigehiko Ueda Noriko Hayashi shigeaki Ishizaka Hiroshi Fukui Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nara Medical University Kashihara Nara Japan Division of Developmental Biology Department of Parasitology Nara Medical University Kashihara Nara Japan

AIM: To explore whether a co-culture of cynomolgus monkey embryonic stem (cES) cells with embryonic liver cells could promote their differentiation into hepatocytes. METHODS: Mouse fetal liver-derived cells (MFLCs) were prepared as adherent cells from mouse embryos on embryonic d (ED) 14, after which undifferentiated cES cells were co-cultured with MFLCs. The induction of cES cells along a hepatic lineage was examined in MFLC- assisted differentiation, spontaneous differentiation, and growth factors (GF) and chemicals-induced differentiations (GF-induced differentiation) using retinoic acid, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), FGF2, FGF4, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), oncostatin M (OSM), and dexamethasone. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of α-fetoprotein, albumin (ALB), α-1-antitrypsin, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α was observed earlier in the differentiating cES cells co-cultured with MFLCs, as compared to cES cells undergoing spontaneous differentiation and those subjected to GF-induced differentiation. The expression of cytochrome P450 7a1, a possible marker for embryonic endoderm-derived mature hepatocytes, was only observed in cES cells that had differentiated in a co-culture with MFLCs. Further, the disappearance of Oct3/4, a representative marker of an undifferentiated state, was noted in cells co-cultured with MFLCs, but not in those undergoing spontaneous or GF-induced differentiation. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed an increased ratio of ALB-immunopositive cells among cES cells co-cultured with MFLCs, while glycogen storageand urea synthesis were also demonstrated. CONCLUSION: MFLCs showed an ability to induce cES cells to differentiate toward hepatocytes. The co-culture system with MFLCs is a useful method for induction of hepatocyte-like cells from undifferentiated cES cells.

关键词：细胞分化肝细胞胎儿治疗

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing colon cancer with atypical bulky lymph node metastasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7715-7716页

作者： Kuangi Fu Akihiro Kobayashi Norio Saito Yasushi Sano Shigeharu Kato Hiroaki Ikematsu Takahiro Fujimori Yasushi Kaji shigeaki Yoshida Department of Radiology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Surgery National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan Department of Radiology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognosis and died within 12 mo. We here describe a 71-year old man with AFP-producing colon cancer who presented with an unusual bulky lymph node metastasis instead of hematogenous spread. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to curative surgical resection, which prolonged his survival.

关键词：结肠癌淋巴细胞胎蛋白 X线断层摄影术