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Impact of oxygen incorporation on interface optimization and defect suppression for efficiency enhancement in Cu2ZnSn（S,Se）4 solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 77-85页

作者： shicheng deng Songfan Wang Yuanyuan Wang Qian Xiao Yuena Meng Dongxing Kou Wenhui Zhou Zhengji Zhou Zhi Zheng Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologySchool of Materials Henan University Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials College of Chemical and Materials Engineering Xuchang University

Kesterite Cu2ZnSn（S,Se）4（CZTSSe） solar cells suffer from severe carrier recombination, limiting the photovoltaic performance. Unfavorable energy band alignment at the p-n junction and defective front interface are two main causes. Herein, oxygen incorporation in CZTSSe via absorber air-annealing was developed as a strategy to optimize its surface photoelectric property and reduce the defects. With optimized oxygen incorporation conditions, the carrier separation and collection behavior at the front interface of the device is improved. In particular, it is found that oxygen incorporated absorber exhibits increased band bending, larger depletion region width, and suppressed absorber defects. These indicate the dynamic factors for carrier separation become stronger. Meanwhile, the increased potential difference between grain boundaries and intra grains combined with the decreased concentration of interface deep level defect in the absorber provide a better path for carrier transport. As a consequence, the champion efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells has been improved from 9.74% to 12.04% with significantly improved open-circuit voltage after optimized air-annealing condition. This work provides a new insight for interface engineering to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of CZTSSe devices.

关键词： Defect suppression Interface optimization Kesterite Surface oxidation Thin film solar cell

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长江经济带装备制造业产能利用率的测算及影响因素研究——基于企业异质性视角

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管理评论 2024年第1期36卷 53-70页

作者：邓世成吴玉鸣许荠方华东理工大学商学院上海200237 重庆对外经贸学院大数据与智能工程学院重庆401520

化解产能过剩、提升产能利用率是我国工业经济结构转型升级的重要任务。本文根据1998—2013年中国工业企业数据库,基于超越对数成本函数法测算了长江经济带装备制造业的产能利用率,并从理论和实证层面探讨了产能利用率的影响因素及其异... 详细信息

化解产能过剩、提升产能利用率是我国工业经济结构转型升级的重要任务。本文根据1998—2013年中国工业企业数据库,基于超越对数成本函数法测算了长江经济带装备制造业的产能利用率,并从理论和实证层面探讨了产能利用率的影响因素及其异质性。研究发现:长江经济带装备制造业产能利用率具有阶段性特征,其波动趋势与经济周期基本一致;与行业和所有制相比,产能过剩问题更多出现在区域层面。可变投入要素价格主导了长江经济带装备制造业的产能过剩,技术进步和市场调节对产能利用率呈现正向效应,政府干预对产能利用率呈现负向效应。政府干预会削弱市场调节对产能利用率的正向促进作用,政府和市场对产能利用率的影响均呈现边际递减效应。各因素对产能利用率的影响效应受到区域、所有制、行业异质性的多重制约,具有明显的结构性特征。

关键词：装备制造业产能利用率影响因素异质性分析

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Independent control of circularly polarized light with exceptional topological phase coding metasurfaces

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 534-542页

作者： YICHENG LI shicheng WAN SHAOXUAN deng ZHENGWEI deng BO LV CHUNYING GUAN JUN YANG ANDREY BOGDANOV PAVEL BELOV JINHUI SHI Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices Physics for Oceanic Applications Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics of Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China School of Physics and Engineering ITMO UniversitySt.Petersburg 197101Russia School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510008China Qingdao Innovation and Development Center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao 266000China

Exceptional points,as degenerate points of non-Hermitian parity-time symmetric systems,have many unique physical properties.Due to its flexible control of electromagnetic waves,a metasurface is frequently used in the field of nanophotonics.In this work,we developed a parity-time symmetric metasurface and implemented the 2πtopological phase surrounding an exceptional point.Compared with Pancharatnam-Berry phase,the topological phase around an exceptional point can achieve independent regulation of several circular polarization beams.We combined the Pancharatnam-Berry phase with the exceptional topological phase and proposed a composite coding metasurface to achieve reflection decoupling of different circular polarizations.This work provides a design idea for polarimetric coding metasurfaces in the future.

关键词： properties. exceptional topological

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Effects of thinning on the understory light environment of different stands and the photosynthetic performance and growth of the reforestation species Phoebe bournei

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 12-28页

作者： shicheng Su Nianqing Jin Xiaoli Wei College of Forestry Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025People’s Republic of China Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025People’s Republic of China

Light levels determine regeneration in stands and a key concern is how to regulate the light environment of different stand types to the requirements of the understory.In this study,we selected three stands typical in south China(a Cryptomeria japonica plantation,a Quercus acutissima plantation,and a mixed stand of both)and three thinning intensities to determine the best understory light environ-ment for 3-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings.The canopy structure,understory light environment,and photosynthe-sis and growth indicators were assessed following thin-ning.Thinning improved canopy structure and understory light availability of each stand;species composition was the reason for differences in the understory light environ-ment.Under the same thinning intensity,the mixed stand had the greatest light radiation and most balanced spectral composition.P.bournei photosynthesis and growth were closely related to the light environment;all three stands required heavy thinning to create an effective and sustained understory light environment.In a suitable understory light environment,the efficiency of light interception,absorption,and use by seedlings was enhanced,resulting in a higher carbon assimilation the main limiting factor was stomatal conductance.As a shade-avoidance signal,red/far-red radia-tion is a critical factor driving changes in photosynthesis and growth of P.bournei seedlings,and a reduction increased light absorption and use capacity and height:diameter ratios.The growth advantage transformed from diameter to height,enabling seedlings to access more light.Our findings suggest that the regeneration of shade-tolerant species such as P.bournei could be enhanced if a targeted approach to thinning based on stand type was adopted.

关键词： Thinning Understory light environment Phoebe bournei Photosynthetic performance Growth performance

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Could π-aromaticity cross an unsaturated system to a fully saturated one?

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 298-302页

作者： shicheng Dong Jun Zhu State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChem)Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China

The classification of π-/σ-aromaticity depends on the electrons with the dominating contributions.Traditionally,π-andσ-aromaticity are used to describe the unsaturated and saturated systems,respectively.Thus,it is rarely reported that π-aromaticity is dominated in a saturated system.Here we demonstrate that π-aromaticity could be dominating in several fully saturated four-membered rings(4MRs),supported by various aromaticity indices including ΔBL,NICS,EDDB,MCI,and Ad NDP.The origin of suchπ-aromaticity in saturated rings could be attributed to an introduction of two additional electrons into the π-type LUMO of the parent neutral species.Our findings represent a novel approach to achieve π-aromaticity into a fully saturated system which has traditionally been dominated by σ-aromaticity.

关键词： π-Aromaticity Saturated rings Silicon

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Fewer is more:efficient object detection in large aerial images

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 105-123页

作者： Xingxing XIE Gong CHENG Qingyang LI shicheng MIAO Ke LI Junwei HAN School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Zhengzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping

Current mainstream object detection methods for large aerial images usually divide large images into patches and then exhaustively detect the objects of interest on all patches,no matter whether there exist objects or not.This paradigm,although effective,is inefficient because the detectors have to go through all patches,severely hindering the inference speed.This paper presents an objectness activation network(OAN) to help detectors focus on fewer patches but achieve more efficient inference and more accurate results,enabling a simple and effective solution to object detection in large images.In brief,OAN is a light fully-convolutional network for judging whether each patch contains objects or not,which can be easily integrated into many object detectors and jointly trained with them end-to-end.We extensively evaluate our OAN with five advanced detectors.Using OAN,all five detectors acquire more than 30.0% speed-up on three large-scale aerial image datasets,meanwhile with consistent accuracy improvements.On extremely large Gaofen-2 images(29200 × 27620 pixels),our OAN improves the detection speed by 70.5%.Moreover,we extend our OAN to driving-scene object detection and 4K video object detection,boosting the detection speed by 112.1% and 75.0%,respectively,without sacrificing the accuracy.

关键词： efficient object detection large aerial images objectness activation network

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Ultra‑Efficient and Cost‑Effective Platinum Nanomembrane Electrocatalyst for Sustainable Hydrogen Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 95-110页

作者： Xiang Gao shicheng Dai Yun Teng Qing Wang Zhibo Zhang Ziyin Yang Minhyuk Park Hang Wang Zhe Jia Yunjiang Wang Yong Yang Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of MaterialsShanghai UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic MaterialsSoutheast UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Hydrogen production through hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising solution to combat climate change by replacing fossil fuels with clean energy sources.However,the widespread adoption of efficient electrocatalysts,such as platinum(Pt),has been hindered by their high cost.In this study,we developed an easy-to-implement method to create ultrathin Pt nanomembranes,which catalyze HER at a cost significantly lower than commercial Pt/C and comparable to non-noble metal electrocatalysts.These Pt nanomembranes consist of highly distorted Pt nanocrystals and exhibit a heterogeneous elastic strain field,a characteristic rarely seen in conventional crystals.This unique feature results in significantly higher electrocatalytic efficiency than various forms of Pt electrocatalysts,including Pt/C,Pt foils,and numerous Pt singleatom or single-cluster catalysts.Our research offers a promising approach to develop highly efficient and cost-effective low-dimensional electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production,potentially addressing the challenges posed by the climate crisis.

关键词： Platinum Hydrogen evolution reaction Lattice distortion Heterogeneous strain

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城市群绿色技术创新的空间网络结构特征及其效应研究——以成渝地区双城经济圈为例

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管理学报 2022年第12期19卷 1756-1765页

作者：邓世成吴玉鸣华东理工大学商学院

通过构建绿色技术创新水平评价指标体系,剖析2006~2019年成渝地区双城经济圈绿色技术创新的时空演化趋势,并结合社会网络分析法和空间面板模型,揭示绿色技术创新空间网络的结构特征及其效应。研究发现:经济圈绿色技术创新水平波动上升,... 详细信息

通过构建绿色技术创新水平评价指标体系,剖析2006~2019年成渝地区双城经济圈绿色技术创新的时空演化趋势,并结合社会网络分析法和空间面板模型,揭示绿色技术创新空间网络的结构特征及其效应。研究发现:经济圈绿色技术创新水平波动上升,空间“辐射效应”逐步凸显。绿色技术创新网络结构由“双核心”向“多核心”转变,空间网络趋于紧密和稳定。成都和重庆处于网络核心地位,是主要溢出城市和中心行动者;德阳、绵阳、宜宾主要承担着“桥梁”和“中介”作用。经济圈板块间联系密切,绿色技术创新的空间溢出主要以板块内溢出为主。整体网密度和城市节点中心性显著提升了城市绿色技术创新水平,接近中心度的正向效应最为突出。

关键词：成渝地区双城经济圈绿色技术创新空间关联网络社会网络分析空间计量

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Sequential reactant water management by complementary multisite catalysts for surpassing platinum hydrogen evolution activity

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1232-1241页

作者： Yu Lin Defang Ding shicheng Zhu Qunlei Wen Huangjingwei Li Zhen Li Youwen Liu Yi Shen China Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a near-zero-emission approach to advance hydrogen energy.However,the activity limited by the multiple reaction steps involving H_(2)O molecules transfer,absorption,and activation still unqualified the thresholds of economic viability.Herein,we proposed a multisite complementary strategy that incorporates hydrophilic Mo and electrophilic V into Ni-based catalysts to divide the distinct steps on atomically dispersive sites and thus realize sequential regulation of the HER process.The Isotopic labeled in situ Raman spectroscopy describes 4-coordinated hydrogen bonded H_(2)O to be free H_(2)O passing the inner Helmholtz plane in the vicinity of the catalysts under the action of hydrophilic Mo sites.Furthermore,potential-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)reveals that electrophilic V sites with abundant 3d empty orbitals could activate the lone-pair electrons in the free H_(2)O molecules to produce more protic hydrogen,and dimerize into H_(2) at the Ni sites.By the sequential management of reactive H_(2)O molecules,NiMoV oxides multisite catalysts surpass Pt/C hydrogen evolution activity(49 mV@10 mA∙cm^(-2) over 140 h).Profoundly,this study provides a tangible model to deepen the comprehension of the catalyst–electrolyte interface and create efficient catalysts for diverse reactions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution activity complementary multisite catalysts sequential reactive water management interfacial water molecules

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Early prediction of growth patterns after pediatric kidney transplantation based on height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第10期137卷 1199-1206页

作者： Feng Yi Feng Yonghua Hu Mingyao Xu Hongen Wang Zhigang Xu shicheng Yan Yongchuang Feng Chenghao Li Zhou Feng Guiwen Shang Wenjun Department of Renal Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China Precision Medicine Center Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China

Background: Growth retardation is a common complication of chronic kidney disease in children, which can be partially relieved after renal transplantation. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for growth patterns of children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after kidney transplantation using machine learning algorithms based on genomic and clinical variables.Methods: A retrospective cohort of 110 children who received kidney transplants between May 2013 and September 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited for whole-exome sequencing (WES), and another 39 children who underwent transplant from October 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled for external validation. Based on previous studies, we comprehensively collected 729 height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon regions. Seven machine learning algorithms and 10-fold cross-validation analysis were employed for model construction.Results: The 110 children were divided into two groups according to change in height-for-ageZ-score. After univariate analysis, age and 19 SNPs were incorporated into the model and validated. The random forest model showed the best prediction efficacy with an accuracy of 0.8125 and an area under curve (AUC) of 0.924, and also performed well in the external validation cohort (accuracy, 0.7949; AUC, 0.796).Conclusions: A model with good performance for predicting post-transplant growth patterns in children based on SNPs and clinical variables was constructed and validated using machine learning algorithms. The model is expected to guide clinicians in the management of children after renal transplantation, including the use of growth hormone, glucocorticoid withdrawal, and nutritional supplementation, to alleviate growth retardation in children with ESRD.

关键词： Growth Machine learning Pediatric kidney transplantation Single-nucleotide polymorphism

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