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On-line Monitoring of Insulation Dielectric Loss Factor Based on Balance Principle

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电力系统自动化 2013年第21期37卷 180-183页

作者： Tianxiang CHEN Zhenhua shao shaozhen QIN Hong TIAN Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen 361024 China Singapore Power Grid Singapore 238164 Singapore

This paper proposes a new on-line measuring method for tan δ of insulation based on passive current sensors. The new method avoids the difficulties encountered during producing sensors with high precision for ratio error and phase displacement error, thus it is cost-effective and of high accuracy. Combining a phase difference algorithm with the computer technology, the method is suitable for micro-controller unit (MCU). The practicability of the method is validated by field tests, thus its anti-interference ability is confirmed.

关键词：介质损耗因数平衡原则在线监测绝缘相位误差高精确度电流传感器位移传感器

Limbic Encephalitis Associated with Anti-y-aminobutyric Acid B Receptor Antibodies： A Case Series from China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第22期128卷 3023-3028页

作者： Hong-Zhi Guan Hai-Tao Ren Xun-Zhe Yang Qiang Lu Bin Peng Yi-Cheng Zhu Xiao-Qiu shao Yong-Qiang Hu Dong Zhou Li-ying Cui Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Department of Neurology Beijing You'anmen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100054 China Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Neuroscience Center Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China

Background： Autoimmune encephalitis associated with antibodies against γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor （GABABR） in patients with limbic encephalitis （LE） was first described in 2010. We present a series of klan Chinese patients tbr further clinical refinement. Methods： Serum and cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） samples from patients referred to the program of encephalitis and paraneoplastic syndrome of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were tested with indirect immunofluorescence. Clinical information of patients with anti-GABABR antibody positivity was retrospectively reviewed, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results： All eighteen anti-GABABR antibody-positive cases had limbic syndromes, and electroencephalogram （EEG） or neuroimaging evidence fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of LE. Four patients had additional antibodies against Hu in serum and one had anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibody in both sera and CSF. Seventeen （17/18） patients presented with new-onset refractory seizure or status epileptics. Twelve （12/18） patients had memory deficits, 11 （11/18） patients had personality change, 7 （7/18） patients had disturbance of consciousness, and 3 （3/18） patients showed cerebellar dysfunction. One patient with LE had progressive motor and sensory polyneuropathy. Lung cancer was detected in 6 （6/18） patients. Ten （10/18） patients showed abnormality in bilateral or unilateral mediotemporal region on magnetic resonance imaging. Ten （10/18） patients had temporal lobe epileptic activity with or without general slowing on EEG. Seventeen patients received immunotherapy and 15 of them showed neurological improvement. Four patients with lung cancer died within 1-12 months due to neoplastic complications. Conclusions： Our study demonstrates that most Han Chinese patients with anti-GABABR antibody-associated LE have prominent refractory epilepsy and show neurological improvement on immunotherapy. Patients with underlying lung tumor have a relatively poor

关键词： Anti-γ-aminobutyric Acid B Receptor Antibody Autoimmune: Limbic Encephalitis Seizure

Characterization of the Nanoscale Microstructure of an Immersion Silver on Sputtered Copper

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2005年第8期24卷 935-939页

作者： TANG Dian WEI Zhe-Liang shao Yan-Qun YOU shao-Xin O'KEEFE Mathew O' KEEFE Thomas Institute for Materials Research Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China Materials Research Center University of Missouri-Rolla Rolla USA MO 65409

Silver has grown its attraction of the scientists in microelectronic field *** deposition of silver onto copper substrates by immersion method has been one of the keen topics. In this study, ethanol was used as the plating solution in which some chemicals were added. The silver deposits were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）, an atom force microscope （AFM）, a transmission electron microscope （TEM） and a selected area electron diffraction （SAED）. It was found that silver immersion using ethanol-based bath has good coverage feature. The highlands of the copper substrate are coated by silver particles whose sizes are around 12 nm, but those sizes at low-lying lands are a little smaller.

关键词： silver immersion copper nanoparticles

冻干与生晒西洋参饮片差异皂苷含量及促斑马鱼血管生成活性比较

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第17期30卷 185-192页

作者：邵娟徐梦丹张雪晶郭云龙蔡广知贡济宇长春中医药大学药学院长春130117 长春中医药大学吉林省人参科学研究院长春130117

目的:分析和测定冻干与生晒西洋参饮片中的差异成分,并比较二者促血管生成活性的差异。方法:基于超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)建立冻干和生晒西洋参饮片的指纹图谱,结合主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLSDA)等化学计量学方法... 详细信息

目的:分析和测定冻干与生晒西洋参饮片中的差异成分,并比较二者促血管生成活性的差异。方法:基于超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)建立冻干和生晒西洋参饮片的指纹图谱,结合主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLSDA)等化学计量学方法确定2种饮片的差异皂苷成分,采用UPLC测定其中6种代表性成分在冻干与生晒西洋参饮片中的含量;选取受精24 h的转基因斑马鱼品系Tg(fli1a∶EGFP)胚胎,分别使用不同剂量的冻干与生晒西洋参70%甲醇提取物(10、30 mg·L^(-1))干预正常斑马鱼和血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂Ⅱ(PTK787)诱导的节间血管(ISV)损伤斑马鱼模型,观察斑马鱼肠下静脉(SIV)和ISV发育情况,测定SIV直径、平均交叉数和平均发芽数,计算ISV血管指数,比较2种饮片的促血管生成活性。结果:冻干与生晒西洋参饮片指纹图谱相似度均>0.950,分别确定了17个共有峰,指认了其中6个共有峰分别为峰6(人参皂苷Rg_(1))、峰7(人参皂苷Re)、峰8(人参皂苷Rb_(1))、峰11(人参皂苷Rc)、峰13(人参皂苷Rb_(2))、峰16(人参皂苷Rd);PCA及OPLS-DA筛选出11种差异性皂苷成分,表明2种饮片的成分含量存在一定差异;含量测定结果显示,冻干西洋参饮片中人参皂苷Rg_(1)、Re、Rb_(1)、Rb_(2)含量高于生晒西洋参饮片,而人参皂苷Rc、Rd含量低于生晒西洋参饮片(P<0.05,P<0.01)。在对正常斑马鱼胚胎促血管生成作用研究中,与空白组比较,冻干及生晒西洋参高剂量组SIV血管直径、平均发芽率及平均交叉率均显著升高(P<0.01),且冻干西洋参组血管直径、平均交叉数及平均发芽数均高于生晒西洋参组(P<0.05)。对ISV损伤的斑马鱼胚胎促血管生成作用研究显示,与空白组比较,模型组斑马鱼ISV发育受到抑制;与模型组比较,冻干及生晒西洋参各剂量组均可促进ISV的生长与萌发,相同剂量下,冻干西洋参组的正常血管数目明显高于生晒西洋参组(P<0.05)。结论:冻干处理西洋参饮片可有效避免其中人参皂苷类成分的流失与二次转化,其促斑马鱼血管生成活性优于生晒西洋参饮片,可为优质西洋参饮片的生产与开发提供参考。

关键词：西洋参饮片冻干生晒指纹图谱含量测定化学计量法促血管生成

Metal distribution characteristic of MSWI bottom ash in view of metal recovery

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 178-189页

作者： Yi Xia Pinjing He Liming shao Hua Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Center for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns&Rural Area Ministry of Housing and Urban-RuralDevelopment of China(MOHURD)Shanghai 200092China

Bottom ash is the major by-product of municipal solid waste incineration（MSWI）, and is often reused as an engineering material, such as road-base aggregate. However, some metals（especially aluminum） in bottom ash can react with water and generate gas that could cause expansion and failure of products containing the ash; these metals must be removed before the ash is utilized. The size distribution and the chemical speciation of metals in the bottom ash from two Chinese MSWI plants were examined in this study, and the recovery potential of metals from the ash was evaluated. The metal concentrations in these bottom ashes were lower than that generated in other developed countries. Specifically, the contents of Al,Fe, Cu and Zn were 18.9–29.2, 25.5–32.3, 0.7–1.0 and 1.6–2.5 g/kg, respectively. Moreover,44.9–57.0 wt.% of Al and 55.6–75.4 wt.% of Fe were distributed in bottom ash particles smaller than 5 mm. Similarly, 46.6–79.7 wt.% of Cu and 42.9–74.2 wt.% of Zn were concentrated in particles smaller than 3 mm. The Fe in the bottom ash mainly existed as hematite, and its chemical speciation was considered to limit the recovery efficiency of magnetic separation.

关键词： Municipal solid waste incineration Bottom ash Metal speciation Metal recovery Size distribution

Enhancement of anaerobic biodegradability of flower stem wastes with vegetable wastes by co-hydrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第3期20卷 297-303页

作者： ZHANG Bo HE Pinjing Lü Fan shao Liming State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongfi University Shanghai 200092 China

The vegetable wastes and flower stems were co-digested to evaluate the anaerobic hydrolysis performance of difficultly biodegradable organic wastes by introducing readily biodegradable organic wastes. The experiments were carried out in batches. When the vegetable wastes were mixed with the flower stems at the dry weight ratio of 1 to 13, the overall hydrolysis rate increased by 8%, 12%, and 2% according to the carbon, nitrogen, and total solid （TS） conversion rate, respectively. While the dry weight ratio was designed as 1 to 3, there was a respective rise of 5%, 15%, and 4% in the conversion rate of carbon, nitrogen, and TS. The enhancement of anaerobic hydrolysis from the mixed vegetable wastes and flower stems can be attributed to the formation of volatile fatty acids （VFA） and nutrient supplement like nitrogen content. The maximum VFA concentration can achieve 1.7 g/L owing to the rapid acidification of vegetable wastes, loosing the structure of lignocellulose materials. The statistic bivariate analysis revealed that the hydrolysis performance was significantly related to the physical and biochemical compositions of the feeding substrate. Especially, the soluble carbon concentration in the liquid was significantly positively correlated to the concentration of nitrogen and hemicellulose, and negatively correlated to the concentration of carbon and lignocellulose in the feeding substrate, suggesting that the regulation and control of feedstock can have an important influence on the anaerobic hydrolysis of organic wastes.

关键词： municipal solid wastes hydrolysis feedstock characteristics VFA bivariate analysis

Research on the Error Averaging Effect in A Rolling Guide Pair

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第4期32卷 104-115页

作者： Yanbing Ni Haiyang Zhou Cuiyan shao Jinhe Li Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education Tianjin University

By studying the e ects of geometric precision on kinematic accuracy, an error mapping model has been established, based on the hypothesis that a motion pair and its installation surface are rigid. However, when using this assumption,there is a significant error induced in high-precision computer numerical control(CNC) machine tools as compared with reality. One of the most important reasons for this error is failing to consider the error averaging e ect of motion pair elements. Therefore, this work examines a high-precision horizontal machining center as its research object, and analyzes the error averaging mechanism of a rolling guide pair under a deformation of the rolling elements. The carriage bearing forces caused by guideway straightness errors are obtained by constructing a geometric error model of a single carriage. The relationship between guideway straightness errors and carriage bearing forces is described by a transfer function in the spatial frequency domain, and its characteristics are analyzed. It quantifies the so-called error averaging e ect of the rolling guide system and, on this basis, a static model for four carriages is established to reflect the error averaging e ect of the rolling guide pair on the position and orientation errors of the motion pair. In addition, it is found that the wavelengths and phase di erences of guideway errors a ect this error averaging mechanism, but the amplitude and preload have little influence thereon. The experiment result shows that the kinematic straightness errors in the x-and y-directions were approximately 1/3 to 1/2 of the guideway straightness errors in the corresponding directions. The results can be used to guide the precision design and assembly of machine tools.

关键词： Rolling guide pair Error averaging mechanism Guideway straightness errors Precision design

Importance of storage time in mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第7期28卷 76-83页

作者： Fan Lü Xian Xu Liming shao Pinjing He State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuses Tongji University Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji University Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area Ministry of Housing and Urban–Rural Development of PR China

Storage was used as a pretreatment to enhance the methanization performance of mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste. Food wastes were separately stored for 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 12 days, and then fed into a methanogenic reactor for a biochemical methane potential（BMP） test lasting up to 60 days. Relative to the methane production of food waste stored for 0–1 day（285–308 m L/g-added volatile solids（VSadded））, that after2–4 days and after 5–12 days of storage increased to 418–530 and 618–696 m L/g-VSadded,respectively. The efficiency of hydrolysis and acidification of pre-stored food waste in the methanization reactors increased with storage time. The characteristics of stored waste suggest that methane production was not correlated with the total hydrolysis efficiency of organics in pre-stored food waste but was positively correlated with the storage time and acidification level of the waste. From the results, we recommend 5–7 days of storage of food waste in anaerobic digestion treatment plants.

关键词： Food waste Bio-pretreatment Storage Fermentation Biochemical methane potential Hydrolysates

Docking navigation method for UAV autonomous aerial refueling

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2019年第1期62卷 29-44页

作者： Delin LUO Jiang shao Yang XU Jinpeng ZHANG School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen University China Airborne Missile Academy Aviation Key Laboratory of Science Technology on Airborne Guided Weapon

In this paper, a docking navigation method for autonomous aerial refueling(AAR) of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) based on a binocular vision system(BVS) is proposed. A BVS simulation platform is built for simulation research purposes. First, unnecessary scene information in the image is filtered through green light-emitting diodes(LEDs) and filters. Then the image is processed via graying, binarization, and median filtering to highlight the connected area of the LED in the image. Subsequently, the center of mass of the connected area is selected as the feature point(FP), and the FPs are described using an improved Haar wavelet transform. The multidimensional description vector of FP is obtained and matched. Finally,the position and pose of the refueling cone sleeve are estimated. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the presented AAR navigation method.

关键词： autonomous aerial refueling AAR position and pose estimation improved Haar wavelet transform IHWT binocular vision system BVS BVS simulation platform