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Grain boundary engineering for enhancing intergranular damage resistance of ferritic/martensitic steel P92

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 186-199页

作者： Lei Peng Shang-Ming Chen Jing-Yi shi Yong-Jie Sun Yi-Fei Liu Yin-Zhong Shen Hong-Ya He Hui-Juan Wang Jie tian State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science333 Long Teng RoadShanghai 201620China Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Ferritic/martensitic(F/M)steel is widely used as a structural material in thermal and nuclear power ***,it is susceptible to intergranular damage,which is a critical issue,under service *** this study,to improve the resistance to intergranular damage of F/M steel,a thermomechanical process(TMP)was employed to achieve a grain boundary engineering(GBE)microstructure in F/M steel *** TMP,including cold-rolling thickness reduction of 6%,9%,and 12%,followed by austenitization at 1323 K for 40 min and tempering at 1053 K for 45 min,was applied to the as-received(AR)P92 *** prior austenite grain(PAG)size,prior austenite grain boundary character distribution(GBCD),and connectivity of prior austenite grain boundaries(PAGBs)were *** to the AR specimen,the PAG size did not change *** fraction of coincident site lattice boundaries(CSLBs,3≤Σ≤29)and Σ3^(n) boundaries along PAGBs decreased with increasing reduction ratio because the recrystallization fraction increased with increasing reduction *** PAGB connectivity of the 6%deformed specimen slightly deteriorated compared with that of the AR ***,potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the intergranular damage resistance of the studied steel could be improved by increasing the fraction of CSLBs along the PAGBs,indicating that the TMP,which involves low deformation,could enhance the intergranular damage resistance.

关键词： Grain boundary engineering Ferritic/martensitic steel Prior austenite grain boundary character distribution Grain boundary connectivity Intergranular damage resistance

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CoFe_(2)O_(4) decorated graphene/C_(18)-functionalized mesoporous silica nanocomposites prepared for magnetic enrichment and electrochemical detection of promethazine in beef

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 208-213页

作者： Xingdong Yang shi-Ming Ying Sen Zhang Jinxia Dai Wei Gao tian-Qi Wang Jun-Qin Qiao Hong-Zhen Lian Li Mao State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering and Centre of Materials AnalysisNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Promethazine(PHZ)is used as a sedative in veterinary medicine,and its residue can threaten the health of *** electrochemical detection of PHZ is suitable method for application in the ***,the traditional electroanalysis is difficult to perform directly in meat samples due to matrix *** work integrates magnetic solid-phase extraction and differential pulse voltammetry for highly sensitive and selective determination of PHZ in beef and beef liver for the first ***_(2)O_(4)/graphene coated with C_(18)-functionalized mesoporous silica(MG@mSiO_(2)-C_(18))is synthesized as dispersed magnetic adsorbent to extract *** glassy carbon electrode modified with nitrogen-doped hollow carbon microspheres(HCM)attracts the MG@mSiO_(2)-C_(18)with PHZ,and directly detects the PHZ without elution ***@mSiO_(2)-C_(18)can separate PHZ to avoid the interference of impurities on following detection,and also concentrate PHZ on magnetic ***,the electrode modification with HCM can amplify the electrochemical signal of ***,the integrated PHZ determination method exhibits a wide linear range from 0.08μmol/L to 300μmol/L with a low limit of detection of 9.8 nmol/*** beef sample analysis presents excellent recovery,demonstrating that this protocol is promising for the rapid and onsite detection of PHZ in real meat samples。

关键词： Promethazine(PHZ) Drug residue Magnetic solid phase extraction Electrochemical detection Beef

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce ammonia emissions under different land-use types in agro-pastoral areas

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 497-507页

作者： Huaisong WANG Rui GUO Yibo tian Nan CUI Xinxin WANG Lei WANG Zhongbao YANG Shuying LI Jixun GUO Lianxuan shi Tao ZHANG Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Vegetation EcologyMinistry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationChangchun 130024China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Dryland AgricultureMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China Mountainous Area Research Institute of Hebei Province Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China College of Agronomy Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Aohan Banner Chifeng 024005China

Ammonia(NH3)emissions,the most important nitrogen(N)loss form,always induce a series of environmental problems such as increased frequency of regional haze pollution,accelerated N deposition,and N *** mycorrhizal(AM)fungi play key roles in N ***,it is still unclear whether AM fungi can alleviate N losses by reducing *** potential mechanisms by which AM fungi reduce NH_(3)emissions in five land-use types(grazed grassland,mowed grassland,fenced grassland,artificial alfalfa grassland,and cropland)were explored in this *** showed that AM fungal inoculation significantly reduced NH3emissions,and the mycorrhizal responses of NH3emissions were determined by land-use *** equation modeling(SEM)showed that AM fungi and land-use type directly affected NH_(3)*** addition,the reduction in NH_(3)emissions was largely driven by the decline in soil NH_(4)^(+)-N and pH and the increases in abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)amoA and bacteria(AOB)amoB genes,urease activity,and plant N uptake induced by AM fungal inoculation and land-use *** present results highlight that reducing the negative influence of agricultural intensification caused by land-use type changes on AM fungi should be considered to reduce N losses in agriculture and grassland ecosystems.

关键词： agricultural intensification grassland management functional genes plant N uptake N leaching N loss

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Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 132-142页

作者： Weidi Zhao Cui Ji Jie Zheng shi Zhou Junsheng tian Yumei Han Xuemei Qin School of Physical Education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Biomedicine and Health Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Physical Activity Sport and Exercise Research ThemeFaculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityLismore NSW2480Australia Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Health Yantai Nanshan UniversityYantai 265706China

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San(XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group(C), CUMS control group(M), Venlafaxine positive treatment group(V), and XYS treatment group(X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and Gene Cards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were ***: Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test,and retention time on the rotarod test(P < 0.01). The above behaviors and exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in V and X groups compared with M group(P < 0.05, 0.01). Compared with C group, a total of 18 different metabolites were changed in the liver mitochondria of rats in M *** different metabolites and six metabolic pathways were regulated in the liver mitochondria of rats in X group compared with M group. The results of network pharmacology showed that 88 intersecting targets for depression and XYS were obtained, among which 15 key targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling ***

关键词： depression exercise capacity liver mitochondrial metabolomics Xiaoyao San

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Application of plant DNA metabarcoding of lake sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： kai WU kai LI Weihan JIA Kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna LIAO Fang tian College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid development of environmental DNA (eDNA) technologies,sedimentary DNA (sedDNA)emerges as a promising tool for monitoring plant compositions in remote *** Tibetan Plateau (TP),renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and lakes,presents a potentially demanding region for the application of sedDNA on vegetation ***,we used the g and h universal primers for the P6 loop region of the chloroplast trn L (UAA)intron to amplify plant DNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and small lakes on the southwestern *** applicability and limitations of using plant DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and palaeo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing sedDNA,pollen,and vegetation survey *** results showed that plant DNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial taxa,of which 30.1%can be identified at the species *** plant sedDNA approach can effectively disclose the dominant plant taxa (including Asteraceae,Cyperaceae and Poaceae) and significant vegetation assemblages in the vicinity of the investigated *** number of taxa and taxonomic resolution of plant sedDNA exceeded that of pollen analysis(75 taxa detected,5.3%can be identified at species level).Unlike pollen that retains a broad spectrum of regional plant signals(including Pinus and Artemisia),plant sedDNA mirrors very local plants,underscoring its utility in local vegetation monitoring and *** conclude,plant DNA metabarcoding of (small) lake sediments warrant increased attention in the future for local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the TP.

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Participant Heterogeneity of Systemic Scleroderma Interventional Trials Worldwide

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 99-107页

作者： Li-Qing shi shi-Hang Zhou Ping-Lang Ruan Bo Zhang Yue Xin Cheng Zhao Xu Yao Jing-Ru tian Qian-Jin Lu Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingJiangsu 210042China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs NanjingJiangsu 210042China Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomicsthe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410011China

Objective:Heterogeneity of participants in clinical trials distorts intervention ***,factors associated with participant heterogeneity in randomized clinical trials(RCTs)focusing on systemic sclerosis(SSc)are not *** conducted this systematic review to establish normative standards for future research and help develop management ***:Three databases and 4 registries were searched to identify characteristics of SSc RCTs across different *** of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool and logistic regression was performed to calculate crude and adjusted odds ***:In total,261 trials met our inclusion *** quality of SSc RCTs worldwide was relatively poor,with no trend of improvement in recent years,and only 12.2%were ranked as having a low risk of *** with a low risk of bias as well as single-center,single-country,or open-label trials tended to have better participant adherence than trials with a high risk of bias and multiple-center,multiple-country,or double-blind ***,trial registration and primary outcome definition contributed to high *** income was also relevant;participant adherence in high-income countries,but not in upper-and lower-middle-income countries,was significantly altered by different ***:Overall,the risk of bias,national income,and trial design may lead to participant heterogeneity of SSc RCTs and ultimately confound the general clinical utility of the *** with a rigorous design and transparent conduction protocol are crucial for obtaining unbiased data that can serve as a reference and for maintaining the fundamental repeatability of SSc RCTs.

关键词： systemic sclerosis randomized clinical trials heterogeneity participant adherence national income risk of bias

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Dynamic simulation insights into friction weakening effect on rapid long-runout landslides:A case study of the Yigong landslide in the Tibetan Plateau,China

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China Geology 2024年第2期7卷 222-236页

作者： Zi-zheng Guo Xin-yong Zhou Da Huang shi-jie Zhai Bi-xia tian Guang-ming Li School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China tianjin Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute(TMEDI) Tianjin 300392China

This study proposed a novel friction law dependent on velocity,displacement and normal stress for kinematic analysis of runout process of rapid *** well-known Yigong landslide occurring in the Tibetan Plateau of China was employed as the case,and the derived dynamic friction formula was included into the numerical simulation based on Particle Flow *** showed that the friction decreased quickly from 0.64(the peak)to 0.1(the stead value)during the 5s-period after the sliding initiation,which explained the behavior of rapid movement of the *** monitored balls set at different sections of the mass showed similar variation characteritics regarding the velocity,namely evident increase at the initial phase of the movement,followed by a fluctuation phase and then a stopping *** peak velocity was more than 100 m/s and most particles had low velocities at 300s after the landslide *** spreading distance of the landslide was calculated at the two-dimension(profile)and three-dimension scale,*** with the simulation result without considering friction weakening effect,our results indicated a max distance of about 10 km from the initial unstable position,which fit better with the actual situation.

关键词： Rapid long-runout landslide PFC Friction weakening Three-dimension Numerical simulation Tibetan Plateau Hydrogeology Engineering Geological hazards survey engineering

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DeepSI:A Sensitive-Driven Testing Samples Generation Method of Whitebox CNN Model for Edge Computing

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 784-794页

作者： Zhichao Lian Fengjun tian School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

In recent years,Deep Learning(DL)technique has been widely used in Internet of Things(IoT)and Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)for edge computing,and achieved good *** more and more studies have shown the vulnerability of neural ***,it is important to test the robustness and vulnerability of neural *** specifically,inspired by layer-wise relevance propagation and neural network verification,we propose a novel measurement of sensitive neurons and important neurons,and propose a novel neuron coverage criterion for robustness *** on the novel criterion,we design a novel testing sample generation method,named DeepSI,which involves definitions of sensitive neurons and important ***,we construct sensitive-decision paths of the neural network through selecting sensitive neurons and important ***,we verify our idea by setting up several experiments,then results show our proposed method achieves superior performances.

关键词： neuron sensitivity Layer-wise Relevance Propagation(LRP) neural network verification deeplearning testing

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Molecule-based vertical transistor via intermolecular charge transport throughπ-πstacking

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4573-4581页

作者： Cheng Liu Cheng Fu Lingyu Tang Jianghua Wu Zhangyan Mu Yamei Sun Yanghang Pan Bailin tian kai Bao Jing Ma Qiyuan He Mengning Ding Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Theπ-πstacking is a well-recognized intermolecular interaction that is responsible for the construction of electron hopping channels in numerous conducting frameworks/***,the exact role ofπ-to-πchannels within typical single crystalline organic semiconductors remains unclear as the orientations of these molecules are diverse,and their control usually requires additional side chain groups that misrepresent the intrinsic properties of the original semiconducting ***,the construction of conduction channels with intrinsicπ-πstacking in the molecule-based device is crucial for the utilization of their unique transport characteristics and understanding of the transport *** this end,we present a molecular intercalation strategy that integrates two-dimensional layered materials with functional organic semiconductor molecules for functional molecule-based *** organic semiconductor molecules can be effectively intercalated into the van der Waals gaps of semi-metallic TaS_(2) withπ-πstacking configuration and controlled intercalant *** results show that the vertical charge transport in the stacking direction shows a tunneling-dominated mechanism that strongly depends on the molecular ***,we demonstrated a new type of molecule-based vertical transistor in which TaS_(2) andπ-πstacked organic molecules function as the electrical contact and the active channel,***/off ratios as high as 447 are achieved under electrostatic modulation in ionic liquid,comparable to the current state-of-the-art molecular *** study provides an ideal platform for probing intrinsic charge transport acrossπ-πstacked conjugated molecules and also a feasible approach for the construction of high-performance molecule-based electronic devices.

关键词： π-πstacking electrochemical intercalation organic semiconductor electrical transport tunneling field effect transistor

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The Active Compensation Technique for Large Reflector Antennas Based on Quadratic Curve Fitting

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 229-237页

作者： tian-Xiang Zheng Bin-Bin Xiang Han-Wei Cui Wei Wang Pei-Yuan Lian Shang-Ming Lin Yang Zhang Jian-Ping Zhou kai Li School of Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang University School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Active reflectors are often used to compensate the surface distortion caused by environmental factors that degrade the electromagnetic performance of large high-frequency reflector antennas. This is crucial for maintaining high gain operation in antennas. A distortion compensation method for the active reflector of a large dual-reflector antenna is proposed. A relationship is established between the surface deformation and the optical path difference for the primary reflector by geometric optics. Subsequently, employing finite element analysis, a polynomial fitting approach is used to describe the impact of adjusting points on the reflector surface based on the coordinates of each node. By standardizing the positions of various panels on the reflector, the fitting ns can be applied to the reflector panels of similar shapes. Then, based on the distribution characteristics of the primary reflector panels, the adjustment equation for the actuators is derived by the influence matrix method. It can be used to determine the adjustment amount of actuators to reduce the rms of the optical path difference. And, the least squares method is employed to resolve the matrix equation. The example of a 110 m aperture dual-reflector antenna is carried out by finite element analysis and the proposed method. The results show that the optical path difference is reduced significantly at various elevation cases, which indicates that the proposed method is effective.

关键词： Methods: analytical Methods: numerical Telescopes

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