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Electrolyte inhomogeneity induced lithium plating in fast charging lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 394-399,I0010页

作者： Yi yang Lei Xu shi-jie yang Chong Yan Jia-Qi Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032ShanxiChina

Fast charging capability of lithium-ion batteries is in urgent need for widespread economic success of electric vehicles. However, the application of the fast charging technology often leads to the inevitable lithium plating on the graphite anode, which is one of the main culprits that endanger battery safety and shorten battery lifespan. The in-depth understanding of the initiation of lithium metal nucleation and the following plating behavior is a key to the development of fast charging cells. Herein, we investigate the overlooked effect of the non-uniform distribution of electrolyte on lithium plating during fast charging. Prior lithium plating occurs on the saturated lithium-graphite compounds in the anode region with sufficient electrolyte since the lithium-ion transport is blocked in the anode region lacking electrolyte. The uniform distribution of electrolyte is crucial for the construction of safe lithium-ion batteries especially in fast charging scenarios.

关键词： Fast charging Lithium-ion batteries Lithium plating Distribution of electrolyte Inhomogeneity

Solitonic Diffusion of Wavepackets in One-Dimensional Bose–Einstein Condensates

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Chinese Physics Letters 2019年第12期36卷 1-4页

作者： Yu Mo Cong Zhang shiping Feng shi-jie yang Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875

Solitonic characteristics are revealed in the diffusion process of a hump or a notch wave packet in a one-dimensional Bose-Einstein *** numerically solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation,we find completely different spreading behavior for attractive or repulsive *** the attractive condensate,a series of bright solitons are continuously generated one after another at the wave front and they nearly stay at the positions where they are generated in the whole diffusion *** contrast,for the repulsive condensate,the initial wave packet splits at the beginning into a series of grey solitons that travel at different *** moving velocity of the grey soliton depends on nonlinear interaction strength,as well as the shape of a particular grey soliton.

关键词： process Einstein attractive

Vortex-pair states in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with coherent coupling

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第5期13卷 295-301页

作者： Yong-Kai Liu Hong-Xia Yue Liang-Liang Xu shi-jie yang College of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Three types of vortex-pair are identified in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates （BEC） of dif- ferent kinds of spin-orbit coupling. One type holds the two vortices in one component of the two- component condensates. Both the other two types hold a vortex in each component of the two- component condensates, and exhibit meron-pair textures that have either null or unit topological charge, respectively. The cores of the two vortices are connected by a string of the relative phase jump. These vortex pairs can be generated from a vortex-free wave packet by incorporating different non- Abelian gauge field into the BEC. When a Rabi coupling is introduced, the distance between the two cores is effectively controlled by the Rabi coupling strength and a transition of vortex configurations is observed.

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensates spin-orbit coupling vortex-pair states

Thermal safety of dendritic lithium against non-aqueous electrolyte in pouch-type lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 158-165,I0005页

作者： Feng-Ni Jiang shi-jie yang Xin-Bing Cheng Peng shi Jun-Fan Ding Xiang Chen Hong Yuan Lei Liu Jia-Qi Huang Qiang Zhang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189JiangsuChina Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

A quantitative relationship between safety issues and dendritic lithium(Li) has been rarely investigated yet. Herein the thermal stability of Li deposits with distinct surface area against non-aqueous electrolyte in pouch-type Li metal batteries is probed. The thermal runaway temperatures of Li metal batteries obtained by accelerating rate calorimeter are reduced from 211 ℃ for Li foil to 111 ℃ for cycled *** initial exothermic temperature is reduced from 194 ℃ for routine Li foil to 142 ℃ for 49.5 m~2g^(-1) dendrite. Li with different specific surface areas can regulate the reaction routes during the temperature range from 50 to 300 ℃. The mass percent of Li foil and highly dendritic Li reacting with ethylene carbonate is higher than that of moderately dendritic Li. This contribution can strengthen the understanding of the thermal runaway mechanism and shed fresh light on the rational design of safe Li metal batteries.

关键词： Pouch-type cell Battery safety Lithium metal anode Lithium dendrite growth Thermal runaway

Plating current density distribution of lithium metal anodes in pouch cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 70-75,I0003页

作者： shi-jie yang Xin Shen Xin-Bing Cheng Feng-Ni Jiang Rui Zhang He Liu Lei Liu Hong Yuan School of Materials Science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina

The uniformity of current density distribution upon electrodes is one of the most important factors determining the lithium dendrites growth and cycling performance of lithium metal batteries(LMBs). Herein,current density distributions of lithium metal anodes induced by various engineering factors, consisting of uneven cathode, electrolyte distribution, and different tab positions, and their effects on the electrochemical performance are investigated theoretically and experimentally in pouch cells. The deviation of current density in lithium metal anodes ranges from 2.47% to 196.18% due to the different levels of uneven cathode materials. However, the deviation is just 13.60% for different electrolyte thicknesses between cathodes and anodes, even a ten-layer separator in some positions. The maximum deviation for variational tab positions is only 0.17%. The nonuniformity in current density distribution results in severe dendrite growth issues and poor electrochemical performance of LMBs. This work not only confirms the direct correlation between the uneven current density distribution and lithium deposition behaviors, but also points out the decisive effects of cathode surface roughness on current distribution of anodes, to which more attentions should be paid in practical applications of LMBs.

关键词： Pouch cell Lithium metal anode Dendrite Current density distribution Safety

Dry electrode technology for scalable and flexible high-energy sulfur cathodes in all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 612-618,I0017页

作者： Jiang-Kui Hu Hong Yuan shi-jie yang yang Lu Shuo Sun Jia Liu Yu-Long Liao Shuai Li Chen-Zi Zhao Jia-Qi Huang School of Materials Science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and ***,scalable fabrication of sheet-type sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading and excellent performances remains *** this work,sheet-type freestanding sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading were fabricated by dry electrode *** unique fibrous morphologies of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binders in dry electrodes not only provides excellent mechanical properties but also uncompromised ionic/electronic *** employed with thickened dry cathodes with high sulfur loading of 2 mg cm^(-2),ASSLSBs still exhibit outstanding rate performance and cycle ***,the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur monolayer pouch cells(9.2 m Ah)were also demonstrated and exhibited excellent safety under a harsh test *** work verifies the potential of dry electrode technology in the scalable fabrication of thickened sulfur cathodes and will promote the practical applications of ASSLSBs.

关键词： All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfide solid electrolytes Sheet-type electrodes Composite sulfur cathode Dry electrode technology

Dual-layer vermiculite nanosheet based hybrid film to suppress dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 205-210,I0006页

作者： Xiang-Qun Xu Feng-Ni Jiang shi-jie yang Ye Xiao He Liu Fangyang Liu Lei Liu Xin-Bing Cheng Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189JiangsuChina School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina

Lithium metal anode has become a favorable candidate for next-generation rechargeable ***, the unstable interface between lithium metal and electrolyte leads to the growth of dendrites,resulting in the low Coulombic efficiency and even the safety concerns. Herein, a rigid-flexible dual-layer vermiculite nanosheet(VN) based organic-inorganic hybrid film on lithium metal anode is proposed to suppress dendrite growth and relieve volume fluctuations. The inner mechanically robust VN layer(3 μm thick) enhances the mechanical properties of the protective layer, while the outer polymer(4 μm thick) can enhance the flexibility of the hybrid layer. The Li | Li symmetric cell with protected lithium shows an extended life of over 670 h. The full cell with Li anode protected by dual-layer interface exhibits a better capacity retention of 80% after 174 cycles in comparison to bare Li anode with 94 *** study provides a novel approach and a significant step towards prolonging lifespan of lithium metal batteries.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Dendrite Organic-inorganic hybrid layer Dual-layer interface Two-dimensional vermiculite nanosheet

Safer solid-state lithium metal batteries:Mechanisms and strategies

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 1-27页

作者： shi-jie yang Jiang-Kui Hu Feng-Ni Jiang Hong Yuan Ho Seok Park Jia-Qi Huang School of Materials Science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingthe People's Republic of China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingthe People's Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxithe People's Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingthe People's Republic of China Center for Next-Generation Energy Materials and School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Solid-state batteries that employ solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)to replace routine liquid electrolytes are considered to be one of the most promising solutions for achieving high-safety lithium metal *** with high mechanical modulus,thermal stability,and non-flammability can not only inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites but also enhance the safety of lithium metal ***,several internal materials/electrodes-related thermal hazards demonstrated by recent works show that solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)are not ***,understanding the potential thermal hazards of SSLMBs is critical for their more secure and widespread *** this contribution,we provide a comprehensive overview of the thermal failure mechanism of SSLMBs from materials to ***,strategies to improve the thermal safety performance of SSLMBs are included from the view of material enhancement,battery design,and external ***,the future directions are further *** hope that this work can shed bright insights into the path of constructing energy storage devices with high energy density and safety.

关键词： lithium metal batteries safety improvements solid-state batteries thermal failures thermal runaway

Higher-order polysulfides induced thermal runaway for 1.0 Ah lithium sulfur pouch cells

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Particuology 2023年第8期79卷 10-17页

作者： Feng-Ni Jiang shi-jie yang Zi-Xian Chen He Liu Hong Yuan Lei Liu Jia-Qi Huang Xin-Bing Cheng Qiang Zhang College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044JiangsuChina

Comprehensive analyses on thermal runaway mechanisms are critically vital to achieve the safe lithium-sulfur(Li-S)*** reactions between dissolved higher-order polysulfides and Li metal were found to be the origins for the thermal runaway of 1.0 Ah cycled Li-S pouch cells.16-cycle pouch cell indicates high safety,heating from 30 to 300 ℃ without thermal runaway,while 16-cycle pouch cell with additional electrolyte undergoes severe thermal runaway at 147.9 ℃,demonstrating the key roles of the electrolyte on the thermal safety of *** the contrary,thermal runaway does not occur for 45-cycle pouch cell despite the addition of the *** is found that the higher-order polysulfides(Li_(2)S_(x) ≥ 6)are discovered in 16-cycle electrolyte while the sulfur species in 45-cycle electrolyte are Li_(2)S_(x) ≤ *** addition,strong exothermic reactions are discovered between cycled Li and dissolved higher-order polysulfide(Li_(2)S_(6) and Li_(2)S_(8))at 153.0 ℃,driving the thermal runaway of cycled Li-S pouch *** work uncovers the potential safety risks of Li-S batteries and negative roles of the polysulfide shuttle for Li-S batteries from the safety view.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Thermal runaway Polysulfides Pouch cell Polysulfide shuttle