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Mitigation of black carbon emissions could immediately reduce 6.3% of glacier melting in the Qilian Mountains

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 725-736页

作者： ji-Zu chen Wen-Tao DU shi-Chang KANG Xiang QIN Wei-Jun SUN Li-Hui LUO Yang LI Jun-Hua YANG You-Yan jiANG Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Eco-environment Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Zhangye Meteorological Bureau Zhangye 734000China Lanzhou Regional Climate Center Lanzhou 730020China Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Gansu Provincial Industry Technology Center of Inteligent Equipment and Big Data for Disaster Prevention Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of ScienceLanzhou 730000China

Global warming in tandem with surface albedo reduction caused by black carbon(BC)deposition on glaciers accelerated glacier melting;however,their respective contributions remain *** in the Qilian Mountains are crucial for the development of oases in the Hexi Corridor;however,their area has decreased by more than 20%over the past ***,this study developed a dynamic deposition model for light-absorbing particles(LAPs),coupled with a surface energy and mass balance *** comprehensively assessed the effects of BC and warming on the melting of a typical glacier in the Qilian Mountains based on the coupled *** on the glacier surface caused 13.1%of annual glacier-wide melting,of which directly deposited atmospheric BC reduced the surface albedo by 0.02 and accounted for 9.1%of glacier *** air temperature during 2000-2010 has increased by 1.5°C relative to that during the 1950s,accounting for 51.9%of current glacier ***,BC emission have increased by 4.6 times compared to those of the early Industrial Revolution recorded in an ice core,accounting conservatively for 6.3%of current glacier *** BC emissions has a limited influence on current glacier melting;however,in the long-term,mitigation should exert a noteworthy impact on glacier melting through the self-purification of glaciers.

关键词： Glacier Melting Black carbon Simulation Qilian Mountains

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Long-term in vivo chimeric cells tracking in non-human primate

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Protein & Cell 2024年第3期15卷 207-222页

作者： Junmo Wu Yu Kang Xiang Luo Shaoxing Dai Yuxi shi Zhuoyao Li Zengli Tang Zhenzhen chen Ran Zhu Pengpeng Yang Zifan Li Hong Wang Xinglong chen Ziyi Zhao Weizhi ji Yuyu Niu State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Kunming 650500China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

Non-human primates(NHPs)are increasingly used in preclinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of biotech-nology ***,given the ethical issues and costs associated with this model,it would be highly advantageous to use NHP cellular models in clinical ***,developing and maintaining the naive state of primate pluripotent stem cells(PSCs)remains difficult as does in vivo detection of PSCs,thus limiting biotech-nology application in the cynomolgus ***,we report a chemically defined,xeno-free culture system for culturing and deriving monkey PSCs in *** cells display global gene expression and genome-wide hypometh-ylation patterns distinct from monkey-primed *** also found expression of signaling pathways components that may increase the potential for chimera *** for biomedical applications,we were also able to integrate bioluminescent reporter genes into monkey PsCs and track them in chimeric embryos in vivo and in *** engineered cells retained embryonic and extra-embryonic developmental ***,we generated a chimeric monkey carrying bioluminescent cells,which were able to track chimeric cells for more than 2 years in living *** study could have broad utility in primate stem cell engineering and in utilizing chimeric monkey models forclinical studies.

关键词： pluripotent stem cells bioluminescence imaging non-human primates

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Immunomodulatory Function of Pien Tze Huang in T Cell-Mediated Anti-tumor Activity against B16-F10,MC38 and Hep1-6 Tumor Models

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 348-358页

作者： FU Yu-bing LIU chen-feng WANG jin-jia ji Xiao-lin TANG Rong-han LIAO Kun-yu chen Ling-yue HONG Ya-zhen FAN Bin-bin WANG shi-cong LIU Wen-Hsien State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life ScienceXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian Province(361102)China Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development ZhangzhouFujian Province(363000)China

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Pien Tze Huang(PZH)in mouse models of B16–F10 melanoma,MC38 colorectal cancer,Hep1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma and chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma *** Various tumor models,including B16–F10,MC38 and Hep1-6 tumor hypodermic inoculation models,B16–F10 and Hep1-6 pulmonary metastasis models,Hep1-6 orthotopic implantation model,and chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma model,were utilized to evaluate the anti-tumor function of *** growth was assessed by measuring tumor size and weight of solid tumors isolated from C57BL/6 *** cell proliferation and death of tumor cells in vitro,as well as T cell activation markers,cytokine production and immune checkpoints analysis,single-cell suspensions were prepared from mouse spleen,lymph nodes,and tumors after PZH *** PZH demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth(P0.05).Nevertheless,PZH exhibited a remarkable ability to enhance T cell activation and the production of interferon gamma,tumor necrosis factor alpha,and interleukin 2 in CD4^(+)T cells in vitro(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Importantly,PZH substantially inhibited T cell exhaustion and boosted cytokine production by tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion This study has confirmed a novel immunomodulatory function of PZH in T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity,indicating that PZH holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

关键词： Pien Tze Huang metastasis anti-tumor immunity T cell activation T cell exhaustion immune checkpoints Chinese medicine

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Micro-nanoarchitectonic of aluminum-hydrogel propellant with static stability and dynamic rheology

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 87-96页

作者： Huiyan Guo Huaiyu Li Hongzhi Zhang Lun Pan chengxiang shi Kang Xue Xiangwen Zhang ji-Jun Zou Key Laboratory for Advanced Fuel and Propellant of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The aluminum-water system is a promising propellant due to high energy and low signal characteristics,and the gel form is easier to store and *** this work,hydrogels of water and aluminum particles were prepared using the low-molecular-weight gellant *** various physical properties of gel systems,including the water loss rate,phase transition temperature,and centrifugal stability at different gellant and aluminum contents,were *** properties were assessed through shear thinning tests,thixotropy tests,strain sweep analysis,and frequency sweep *** microstructure of the gel was obtained through scanning electron microscopy *** results show that the aluminum-hydrogel network structure is composed of micron-scale aluminum and agarose nanosheets,and the unique micro-nanostructure endows the gel with excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability,which improve with increasing gellant and aluminum ***,the gel with 2% agarose and 20% aluminum had the best performance;the storage modulus reached 90647 Pa,which was within the linear viscoelastic region,and the maximum withstand pressure was 111.2 kPa,which was 118.8% greater than that of the pure ***,the gel demonstrates remarkable shear thinning behavior and can undergo gel-sol transformation upon shearing or heating to exceeding 114℃.

关键词： aluminum-water propellant gelled propellant rheological property mechanical strength

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A Mode-switching Strategy of Droop Control for VSC-MTDC Systems Considering Maximum DC Voltage Regulation Capability

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 903-912页

作者： Yizhen Wang Fengliang Qiu Zhongguan Wang Yirun ji Zhengguang chen chengshan Wang Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid jiBei Electric Power Co.Ltd. Beijing 100045China State Grid Corporation of China Beijing 100031China IEEE

To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality,renewable energy integration through a voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current(VSC-MTDC)system has been identified as a promising *** tackle the significant DC voltage over-limit problem in a VSC-MTDC system during disturbances,this paper proposes a mode-switching strategy of droop control considering maximum DC voltage regulation *** close relationship between node injection powers and node DC voltages in the MTDC system is elaborated,and the most effective regulation approach of local injection power for limiting DC voltage deviation is *** operating point trajectories of different droop control explains that the DC voltage deviation can be minimized by fully utilizing the capacity of ***,the mode-switching strategy with the maximum DC voltage regulation capability is realized by the switching between the voltage droop control and the constant maximum power *** addition,a mode recovery process and a smooth switching method are developed to make converters regain the capability of maintaining DC voltage and reduce power fluctuation during mode switching,***,three cases are investigated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed mode-switching *** with simulation results of the conventional droop control and the DC voltage deviation-dependent droop control,better performance of transient and steady-state DC voltage deviation is achieved through the proposed strategy.

关键词： Droop control maximum DC voltage regulation capability mode-switching VSC-MTDC

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Cell Mechanics Regulates the Dynamic Anisotropic Remodeling of Fibril Matrix at Large Scale

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 401-415页

作者： Mingxing Ouyang Yanling Hu Weihui chen Hui Li Yingbo ji Linshuo Qiu Linlin Zhu Baohua ji Bing Bu Linhong Deng Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences School of Medical and Health Engineering and School of PharmacyChangzhou UniversityChangzhou213164China Institute of Biomechanics and Applications Department of Engineering MechanicsZhejang UniversityHangzhou310027China.

Living tissues often have anisotropic and heterogeneous organizations, in which developmental processes are coordinated by cells and extracellular matrix modeling. Cells have the capability of modeling matrix in long distance;however, the biophysical mechanism is largely unknown. We investigated the dynamic remodeling of collagen I (COL) fibril matrix by cell contraction with designed patterns of cell clusters. By considering cell dynamic contractions, our molecular dynamics simulations predicted the anisotropic patterns of the observed COL bundling in experiments with various geometrical patterns without spatial limitation. The pattern of COL bundling was closely related to the dynamic remodeling of fibril under cell active contraction. We showed that cell cytoskeletal integrity (actin filaments and microtubules), actomyosin contractions, and endoplasmic reticulum calcium channels acting as force generations and transductions were essential for fiber bundling inductions, and membrane mechanosensory components integrin and Piezo played critical roles as well. This study revealed the underlying mechanisms of the cell mechanics-induced matrix remodeling in large scales and the associated cellular mechanism and should provide important guidelines for tissue engineering in potential biomedical applications.

关键词： contraction Dynamic Matrix

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Thermal stability of permafrost under U-shaped crushed rock embankment of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 158-169页

作者： Kun-Ming XU Guan-Li jiANG ji chen Qing-Bai WU State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beiluhe Observation Station of Frozen Soil Environment and Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China

The U-shaped crushed rock embankment(UCRE),of which widely utilized in the permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,has the capability to rapidly reduce the ground temperature of the underlying ***,there remains uncertainty regarding the adaptation of UCRE to climate change and its long-term cooling *** study focuses on nine UCRE monitoring sites along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to analyze the dynamic variations of the ground temperature underlying permafrost from 2006 to *** efficiency of UCRE in stabilizing permafrost temperature in different permafrost zones is evaluated by considering the permafrost table,ground temperature,and MAGT,as well as the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the crushed rock layer and the ground temperature variation index(GTVI).The results show that UCRE is suitable for application in extremely unstable warm permafrost regions where the MAGT is higher than-0.5℃.Moreover,UCRE effectively diminishes the disparity in permafrost thermal stability between the sunny and shaded shoulders of the *** short-term and long-term effect of cooling permafrost is experiencing a change related with permafrost ***,in stable cold permafrost regions with MAGT lower than-1.5℃,the long-term cooling effect of UCRE on permafrost seems to gradually di-minishes,but UCRE continues to fulfill the role of stabilizing the underlying permafrost thermal state over the *** results show that UCRE can quickly restore and stabilize the thermal state of permafrost in the early stages of construction,and adapt to the influence of future climate *** findings provide important guidance for understanding the variations of permafrost thermal stability beneath the embankment in permafrost regions,as well as for improving the embankment stability and operational safety of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Railway U-shaped crushed rock embankment Climate change Permafrost zone Ground temperature variation index Long-term coolingrole

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Surface reconstruction of heterostructures in alkaline medium towards enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2636-2647页

作者： Ming-Yang Yang ji Yuan Xue-Lian Fu jing-jing chen jing Hu Zhou-Guang Lu chen Liu Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyShenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Constructing heterostructures has proved to be a successful strategy to fabricate electrocatalysts with high efficiency for water ***,the structure evolution in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction lacks investigation and the specific active center remains ***,we take the well-designed Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) heterostructures as a model to investigate the electrocatalytic activity and the surface reconstruction process of heterostructure catalysts in alkaline *** Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) heterostructures,with Ni_(3)S_(2) nanorods as the core and VO_(2) nanoflakes as the shell,coupled with the high conductive Ni_(3)S_(2),the hydrophilic VO_(2) and modulated electronic structures at the interfaces,exhibited prominent activity and superior stability at various current ***,the ex-situ characterizations confirmed that the surface reconstruction from Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) into Ni_(3)S_(2)@amorphous-Ni(OH)_(2) in alkaline media could optimize the water dissociation barrier and exposed large active area,thereby contributing to improved electrocatalytic *** study not only introduces novel high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),but also provides a new avenue for re-examining hetero-structural catalysts in alkaline solutions.

关键词： Heterostructures Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) Surface reconstruction Water dissociation Alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Atmospheric oxidation capacity and O_(3) formation in a coastal city of southeast China:Results from simulation based on four-season observation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 68-80页

作者： Gaojie chen Taotao Liu jinsheng chen Lingling Xu Baoye Hu chen Yang Xiaolong Fan Mengren Li Youwei Hong Xiaoting ji jinfang chen Fuwang Zhang Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000China College of Harbour and Coastal Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Environmental Monitoring Center of Fujian Fuzhou 350013China

The pollution of atmospheric ozone in China shows an obvious upward trend in the past ***,the studies on the atmospheric oxidation capacity and O_(3)formation in four seasons in the southeastern coastal region of China with the rapid urbanization remain ***,a four-season field observation was carried out in a coastal city of southeast China,using an observation-based model combining with the Master Chemical Mechanism,to explore the atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC),radical chemistry,O_(3)formation pathways and *** results showed that the average net O_(3)production rate(14.55 ppbv/hr)in summer was the strongest,but the average O_(3)concentrations in autumn was *** AOC and ROx levels presented an obvious seasonal pattern with the maximum value in summer,while the OH reactivity in winter was the highest with an average value of 22.75 sec^(-1).The OH reactivity was dominated by oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs)(30.6%-42.8%),CO(23.2%-26.8%),NO_(2)(13.6%-22.0%),and alkenes(8.4%-12.5%)in different *** photolysis dominated OH primary source on daytime in winter,while in other seasons,HONO photolysis in the morning and ozone photolysis in the afternoon contributed *** analysis indicated that O_(3)production was controlled by VOCs in spring,autumn and winter,but a VOC-limited and NOx-limited regime in summer,and alkene and aromatic species were the major controlling factors to O_(3)***,the study characterized the atmospheric oxidation capacity and elucidated the controlling factors for O_(3)production in the coastal area with the rapid urbanization in China.

关键词： Atmospheric oxidation capacity Radical chemistry Ozone production Sensitivity analysis

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Insights on selective Pb adsorption via O 2p orbit in UiO-66 containing rich-zirconium vacancies

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 357-361页

作者： Yu-Hang Li Shuai Gao Lu Zhang Hanchun chen Chong-chen Wang Haodong ji Eco-environment and Resource Efficiency Research Laboratory School of Environment and EnergyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Building Structure and Environment Remediation School of Environment and Energy EngineeringBeijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044Chin

Herein,we constructed defective UiO-66 with rich Zr vacancy structure model,in which the defective structure was verified by various ***,the Pb adsorption experiments affirmed that defective UiO-66 could display better adsorption and selective adsorption ability than that of perfect *** results of partial density of states(PDOS)and Mulliken charge population indicated that the blue shift of O 2p and Zr 4d orbit induced the electron rearrangement of atoms closed to the bonding sites,while the positive charge number of Zr atoms decreased than *** with the expansion of pore size,Pb atom was more inclined to transfer and bond with unsaturated coordination *** significantly,quantitative structure-activity relationships(QSARs)demonstrated that selective capture of Pb instead of Zn,Cu,Cd and Hg displayed by defective UiO-66 was determined jointly by bond strength,adsorption energy and electron *** work provided some theoretical direction for the purpose of the fabrication of adsorbent and the investigation of mechanism.

关键词： Selective adsorption Heavy metal Density functional theory UiO-66 Zr vacancies

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