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A novel flexible nerve guidance conduit promotes nerve regeneration while providing excellent mechanical properties

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2084-2094页

作者： Tong Li Quhan Cheng Jingai zhang Boxin Liu Yu shi Haoxue Wang Lijie Huang Su zhang Ruixin zhang Song Wang Guangxu Lu Peifu Tang Zhongyang Liu Kai Wang Department of Orthopedics the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Training and Sports Medicine Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police ForceTianjinChina Medical School of Chinese PLA BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Orthopedics Tianjin HospitalTianjinChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Er Quan Hospital of PAPWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Autografting is the gold standard for surgical repair of nerve defects>5 mm in length;however,autografting is associated with potential complications at the nerve donor *** an alternative,nerve guidance conduits may be *** ideal conduit should be flexible,resistant to kinks and lumen collapse,and provide physical cues to guide nerve *** designed a novel flexible conduit using electrospinning technology to create fibers on the innermost surface of the nerve guidance conduit and employed melt spinning to align ***,we prepared disordered electrospun fibers outside the aligned fibers and helical melt-spun fibers on the outer wall of the electrospun fiber *** presence of aligned fibers on the inner surface can promote the extension of nerve cells along the *** helical melt-spun fibers on the outer surface can enhance resistance to kinking and compression and provide *** novel conduit promoted nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat sciatic nerve defect model,suggesting that it has potential for clinical use in human nerve injuries.

关键词： aligned fibers anti-kinking helical fibers nerve guidance conduit nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury topological guidance

The GECAM ground search system for gamma-ray transients

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 161-174页

作者： Ce Cai Yan-Qiu zhang Shao-Lin Xiong Ping Wang Jian-Hui Li Xiao-Bo Li Cheng-Kui Li Yue Huang shi-Jie Zheng Li-Ming Song Shuo Xiao Qi-Bin Yi Yi Zhao sheng-Lun Xie Rui Qiao Yan-Qi Du Zhi-Wei Guo Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong Liu Chen-Wei Wang Wen-Jun Tan Yue Wang Jin-Peng zhang Chao-Yang Li Guo-Ying Zhao Xiao-Yun Zhao Xiao-Lu zhang Zhen zhang Wen-Xi Peng Xiang Ma Jing-Yan shi Dong-Ya Guo Jin Wang Xin-Qiao Li Xiang-Yang Wen Zheng-Hua An Fan zhang College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550001China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550001China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China School of Computer and Information Dezhou UniversityDezhou253023China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

In the era of time-domain,multi-messenger astronomy,the detection of transient events on the high-energy electromagnetic sky has become more important than *** gravitational wave high-energy electromagnetic counterpart all-sky monitor(GECAM)is a dedicated mission to monitor gamma-ray transients,launched in December,2020.A real-time on-board trigger and location software,using the traditional signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)method for blind search,is constrained to relatively bright signals due to the limitations in on-board computing resources and the need for real-time *** this work,we developed a ground-based pipeline for GECAM to search for various transients,especially for weak bursts missed by on-board *** pipeline includes both automatic and manual mode,offering options for blind search and targeted *** targeted search is specifically designed to search for interesting weak bursts,such as gravitational wave-associated gamma-ray bursts(GRBs).From the ground search of the data in the first year,GECAM has been triggered by 54 GRBs and other transients,including soft gamma-ray repeaters,X-ray binaries,solar flares,terrestrial gamma-ray *** report the properties of each type of triggers,such as trigger time and light *** this search pipeline and assuming a soft Band spectrum,the GRB detection sensitivity of GECAM is increased to about 1.1×10^(-8)erg cm^(-2)s^(-1)(10-1000 ke V,burst duration of 20 s).These results demonstrate that the GECAM ground search system(both blind search and targeted search)is a versatile pipeline to recover true astrophysical signals which were too weak to be found in the on-board search.

关键词： gamma-ray sources gravitational waves data analysis gamma-ray telescopes

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Materials and devices for high-density, high-throughput micro-electrocorticography arrays

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 17-28页

作者： Xie, Yang Peng, Yanxiu Guo, Jinhong Liu, Muyang zhang, Bozhen Yin, Lan Ding, He sheng, Xing Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Institute for Precision Medicine Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Materials Science and Engineering The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The pursuit of precisely recording and localizing neural activities in brain cortical regions drives the development of advanced electrocorticography (ECoG) devices. Remarkable progress has led to the emergence of micro-ECoG (µECoG) devices with sub-millimeter resolutions. This review presents the current research status, development directions, potential innovations and applications of high-density, high-throughput µECoG devices. First, we summarize the challenges associated with accurately recording single or multiple neurons using existing µECoG devices, including passive multielectrode and active transistor arrays. Second, we focus on cutting-edge advancements in passive µECoG devices by discussing the design principles and fabrication strategies to optimize three key parameters: impedance, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, recent findings highlight the need for further research and development in active transistor arrays, including silicon, metal oxide, and solution-gated transistors. These active transistor arrays have the potential to unlock the capabilities of high-density, high-throughput µECoG devices and overcome the limitations of passive multielectrode arrays. The review explores the potential innovations and applications of µECoG devices, showcasing their effectiveness for both brain science research and clinical applications. © 2024

关键词： Bioelectronics Electrocorticography Flexible electronics Micro-electrocorticography Neural electrode array

Impact of land use change on carbon storage in the middle reaches of the Yellow River,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2025年第2期17卷 167-181页

作者： shi Xiaoliang zhang Jie LIU Simin DING Hao CHEN Xi WANG Li zhang Dan College of Geomatics Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China China National Forestry-Grassland Development Research Center Beijing 100714China

The implementation of long-term shelterbelt programs in the middle reaches of the Yellow River(MRYR),China not only has improved the overall ecological environment,but also has led to the changes of land use pattern,causing carbon storage ***,the relationship between carbon storage and land use change in the MRYR is not concerned,which results in the uncertainty in the simulation of carbon storage in this *** use changes directly affect the carbon storage capacity of ecosystems,and as an indicator reflecting the overall state of land use,land use degree has an important relationship with carbon *** this study,land use data and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model were used to assess the trends in land use degree and carbon storage in the MRYR during *** potential impact index and the standard deviation ellipse(SDE)algorithm were applied to quantify and analyze the characteristics of the impact of land use changes on carbon ***,land use transitions that led to carbon storage variations and their spatial variations were *** results showed that:(1)the most significant periods of carbon storage changes and land use transitions were observed during 1990-1995 and 1995-2020,with the most changed areas locating in the east of Fenhe River and in northwestern Henan Province;(2)the positive impact of land use degree on carbon storage may be related to the environmental protection measures implemented along the Yellow River,while the negative impact may be associated with the expansion of construction land in plain areas;and(3)the conversion of other land use types to grassland was the primary factor affecting carbon storage changes during *** future land use planning,attention should be given to the direction of grassland conversion,and focus on reasonably limiting the development of construction *** enhance carbon storage,it will be crucial to increase the area

关键词： carbon storage land use degree integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model potential impact standard deviation ellipse(SDE)

Comparative Analysis of Noise Margin Between Pure SET-SET and Hybrid SET-PMOS Inverters

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 146-155页

作者： Fan zhang Yi Liu Yibo Wang Minghu Wu sheng Hu Youli Dong Hubei Key Laboratory for High-Efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy and Operation Control of Energy Storage System Hubei University of Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of Technology

Single-electron transistor（SET） is considered as one of the promising candidates for future electronic devices due to its advantages of low power consumption and high integration. The comparative analysis of SET-based inverters, especially the noise margin, is carried out. Pure SET-SET and hybrid SET with p type metal oxide semiconductor（SET-PMOS） inverters are designed for investigation. The effects of SET supply voltage, junction resistance and junction capacitance on noise tolerance and power consumption of inverters are studied. For hybrid SET-PMOS inverters, the noise margin for a logic high（NMH） is less than 60 mV under various conditions, which may become the bottleneck of its application. For pure SET-SET inverters, both NMH and the noise margin for a logic low（NML） could reach 300 mV at a supply voltage of 0.8 V. The minimum power consumption of pure SET-SET and hybrid SET-PMOS inverters is 2.85 nW and 58 nW, respectively. The pure SET-SET inverters have greater noise tolerance and lower power consumption, which is more conducive to large-scale integration. When junction capacitance CJ= 0.0273 aF and junction resistance RT≥1 MΩ in SET-SET inverters at a supply voltage of 0.8 V, the NMH and NML are not significantly affected by the junction resistance and the noise margin fluctuates at 300 mV.

关键词： Resistance Power demand Noise Metals Capacitance Inverters Large scale integration Logic Junctions Single electron transistors

Interpretable Machine Learning Method for Compressive Strength Prediction and Analysis of Pure Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Concrete

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 65-78页

作者： shi Yuqiong LI Jingyi zhang Yang LI Li Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F Uni-versityYangling 712100China College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Security Technology Chongqing 401420China Chongqing College of Mobile Communication Chongqing 401520China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology Research Center(Hong Kong Branch) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHung HomHong KongChina

In order to study the characteristics of pure fly ash-based geopolymer concrete(PFGC)conveniently,we used a machine learning method that can quantify the perception of characteristics to predict its compressive *** this study,505 groups of data were collected,and a new database of compressive strength of PFGC was *** order to establish an accurate prediction model of compressive strength,five different types of machine learning networks were used for comparative *** five machine learning models all showed good compressive strength prediction performance on *** them,R2,MSE,RMSE and MAE of decision tree model(DT)are 0.99,1.58,1.25,and 0.25,*** R2,MSE,RMSE and MAE of random forest model(RF)are 0.97,5.17,2.27 and 1.38,*** two models have high prediction accuracy and outstanding generalization *** order to enhance the interpretability of model decision-making,we used importance ranking to obtain the perception of machine learning model to 13 *** 13 variables include chemical composition of fly ash(SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),Si/Al),the ratio of alkaline liquid to the binder,curing temperature,curing durations inside oven,fly ash dosage,fine aggregate dosage,coarse aggregate dosage,extra water dosage and sodium hydroxide *** temperature,specimen ages and curing durations inside oven have the greatest influence on the prediction results,indicating that curing conditions have more prominent influence on the compressive strength of PFGC than ordinary Portland cement *** importance of curing conditions of PFGC even exceeds that of the concrete mix proportion,due to the low reactivity of pure fly ash.

关键词： machine learning pure fly ash geopolymer compressive strength feature perception

Application of large language models to quantum state simulation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 49-65页

作者： Shuangxiang Zhou Ronghang Chen Zheng An Chao zhang shi-Yao Hou College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Center for Computational Sciences Sichuan Normal University Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Quantum computers leverage the unique advantages of quantum mechanics to achieve acceleration over classical computers for certain problems. Currently, various quantum simulators provide powerful tools for researchers, but simulating quantum evolution with these simulators often incurs high time costs. Additionally, resource consumption grows exponentially as the number of quantum bits increases. To address this issue, our research aims to utilize Large Language Models(LLMs) to simulate quantum circuits. This paper details the process of constructing 1-qubit and 2-qubit quantum simulator models, extending to multiple qubits, and ultimately implementing a 3-qubit example. Our study demonstrates that LLMs can effectively learn and predict the evolution patterns among quantum bits, with minimal error compared to the theoretical output states. Even when dealing with quantum circuits comprising an exponential number of quantum gates, LLMs remain computationally efficient. Overall, our results highlight the potential of LLMs to predict the outputs of complex quantum dynamics, achieving speeds far surpassing those required to run the same process on a quantum computer. This finding provides new insights and tools for applying machine learning methods in the field of quantum computing.

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Fault Warning of Satellite Momentum Wheels With a Lightweight Transformer Improved by FastDTW

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第3期12卷 539-549页

作者： Yiming Gao shi Qiu Ming Liu Lixian zhang Xibin Cao the School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology IEEE

The momentum wheel assumes a dominant role as an inertial actuator for satellite attitude control systems. Due to the effects of structural aging and external interference, the momentum wheel may experience the gradual emergence of irreversible faults. These fault features will become apparent in the telemetry signal transmitted by the momentum wheel. This paper introduces ADTWformer, a lightweight model for long-term prediction of time series, to analyze the time evolution trend and multi-dimensional data coupling mechanism of satellite momentum wheel faults. Moreover, the incorporation of the approximate Markov blanket with the maximum information coefficient presents a novel methodology for performing correlation analysis,providing significant perspectives from a data-centric ***, the creation of an adaptive alarm mechanism allows for the successful attainment of the momentum wheel fault warning by detecting the changes in the health status curves. The analysis methodology outlined in this article has exhibited positive results in identifying instances of satellite momentum wheel failure in two scenarios, thereby showcasing considerable promise for large-scale applications.

关键词： Approximate Markov blanket fault early warning maximal information coefficient satellite momentum wheel

Prompt fission neutron uranium logging(Ⅱ):dead-time effect of the neutron time spectrum

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第2期36卷 82-94页

作者： Yan zhang Chi Liu shi-Liang Liu Hao-Ran zhang Hai-Tao Wang Jin-Hui Qu Wen-Xing Hu Ren-Bo Wang Bin Tang National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resources Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The acquisition of neutron time spectrum data plays a pivotal role in the precise quantification of uranium via prompt fission neutron uranium logging(PFNUL).However,the impact of the detector dead-time effect remains paramount in the accurate acquisition of the neutron time ***,it is imperative for neutron logging instruments to establish a dead-time correction method that is not only uncomplicated but also practical and caters to various logging *** study has formulated an innovative equation for determining dead time and introduced a dead-time correction method for the neutron time spectrum,called the“dual flux method.”Using this approach,a logging instrument captures two neutron time spectra under disparate neutron *** carefully selecting specific“windows”on the neutron time spectrum,the dead time can be accurately *** substantiate its efficacy and discern the influencing factors,experiments were conducted utilizing a deuterium-tritium(D-T)neutron source,a Helium-3(3He)detector,and polyethylene shielding to collate and analyze the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes(at high voltages).The findings underscore that the“height”and“spacing”of the two windows are the most pivotal influencing ***,the“height”(fd)should surpass 2,and the“spacing”twd should exceed 200μ*** dead time of the 3 He detector determined in the experiment was 7.35μ*** the dead-time correction,the deviation of the decay coefficients from the theoretical values for the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes decreased from 12.4%to within 5%.Similarly,for the PFNUL instrument,the deviation in the decay coefficients decreased from 22.94 to 0.49%after correcting for the dead-time *** results demonstrate the exceptional efficacy of the proposed method in ensuring precise uranium *** dual flux method was experimentally validated as a universal approach applicable to pulsed neutron logging instrumen

关键词： PFNUL Neutron time spectrum Dead time Pulsed source Correction method