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Air pressure law of a reservoir constructed in karst sinkholes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 1048-1057页

作者： YU Bo TAI shengping ZheNG Kexun CheN Shiwan HAN Xiao WANG Senlin ZUO Shuangying Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Guiyang 550081China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and EnvironmentMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Karst sinkholes with natural negative landform provide favorable conditions for the pumped storage reservoir construction for less excavation work.However,the construction of the reservoir would plug the natural karst channels for water and air,which would cause remarkable air pressure in karst channels when the groundwater level fluctuates.A large laboratory simulation test was carried out to study the air pressure variation of a reservoir built on the karst sinkhole.The air pressure in the karst channel and inside the model was monitored during the groundwater rising and falling process.Result showed that the variation of air pressure in the karst channel and the surrounding rock exhibited a high degree of similarity.The air pressure increased rapidly at the initial stage of water level rising,followed by a slight decrease,then the air pressure increased sharply when the water level approached the top of the karst cave.The initial peak of air pressure and the final peak of air pressure were defined,and both air pressure peaks were linearly increasing with the water level rising rate.The negative air pressure was also analyzed during the drainage process,which was linearly correlated with the water level falling rate.The causes of air pressure variation in karst channels of a pumped storage reservoir built on the karst sinkhole were discussed.The initial rapid increase,then slight decrease and final sudden increase of air pressure were controlled by the combined effects of air compression in karst channel and air seepage into the surrounding rock.For the drainage process,the instant negative air pressure and gradual recovering of air pressure were controlled by the combined effects of negative air pressure induced by water level falling and air supply from surrounding rock.This work could provide valuable reference for the reservoir construction in karst area.

关键词： Simulation test Karst sinkhole Pumped storage reservoir Air pressure Flow rate

The OsBSK1-2-MAPK module regulates blast resistance in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 110-120页

作者： shengping Li Xinquan Xiang Zhijuan Diao Na Xia Ling Lu Jing Zhang Zhiwei Chen Dingzhong Tang State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for GeneticsBreeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsPlant Immunity CenterFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Life Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina

Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsBSK1-2 was reported to play an important role in regulation of response to rice blast,but the signaling pathway remained unknown.In this study,we identified OsMAPKKK18 and previously uncharacterized MAPKKKs OsMAPKKK16 and OsMAPKKK19 that interact with OsBSK1-2.Expression of all three MAPKKKs was induced by Magnaporthe oryzae infection,and all three induced cell death when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.Knockout of OsMAPKKK16 and OsMAPKKK18 compromised blast resistance and overexpression of OsMAPKKK19 increased blast resistance,indicating that all three MAPKKKs are involved in regulation of rice blast response.Furthermore,both OsMAPKKK16 and OsMAPKKK19 interacted with and phosphorylated OsMKK4 and OsMKK5,and chitin-induced MAPK activation was suppressed in osmapkkk16 and osbsk1-2 mutants.OsMAPKKK18 was earlier reported to interact with and phosphorylate OsMKK4 and affect chitin-induced MAPK activation,suggesting that OsBSK1-2 is involved in regulation of immunity through multiple MAPK signaling pathways.Unlike BSK1 in Arabidopsis,OsBSK1-2 was not involved in response to avirulent M.oryzae strains.Taken together,our results revealed important roles of OsMAPKKK16/18/19 and a OsBSK1-2-OsMAPKKK16/18/19-OsMKK4/5 module in regulating response to rice blast.

关键词： Disease resistance Magnaporthe oryzae Oriza sativa Rice blast

Optical Fibre Communication Feature Analysis and Small Sample Fault Diagnosis Based on VMD-FE and Fuzzy Clustering

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Energy Engineering 2024年第1期121卷 203-219页

作者： Xiangqun Li Jiawen Liang Jinyu Zhu shengping Shi Fangyu Ding Jianpeng Sun Bo Liu Gannan Power Supply Company of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Supply Company Hezuo747000China Digital Communication Department Gannan Power Supply Company of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Supply CompanyHezuo747000China

To solve the problems of a few optical fibre line fault samples and the inefficiency of manual communication optical fibre fault diagnosis,this paper proposes a communication optical fibre fault diagnosis model based on variational modal decomposition(VMD),fuzzy entropy(FE)and fuzzy clustering(FC).Firstly,based on the OTDR curve data collected in the field,VMD is used to extract the different modal components(IMF)of the original signal and calculate the fuzzy entropy(FE)values of different components to characterize the subtle differences between them.The fuzzy entropy of each curve is used as the feature vector,which in turn constructs the communication optical fibre feature vector matrix,and the fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to achieve fault diagnosis of faulty optical fibre.The VMD-FE combination can extract subtle differences in features,and the fuzzy clustering algorithm does not require sample training.The experimental results show that the model in this paper has high accuracy and is relevant to the maintenance of communication optical fibre when compared with existing feature extraction models and traditional machine learning models.

关键词： Optical fibre fault diagnosis OTDR curve variational mode decomposition fuzzy entropy fuzzy clustering

Solar-wind–magnetosphere energy influences the interannual variability of the northern-hemispheric winter climate

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National Science Review 2020年第1期7卷 141-148页

作者： shengping he Huijun Wang Fei Li Hui Li Chi Wang Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Center for Climate Research Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Norwegian Institute for Air Research State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences

Solar irradiance has been universally acknowledged to be dominant by quasi-decadal variability, which has been adopted frequently to investigate its effect on climate decadal variability. As one major terrestrial energy source, solar-wind energy flux into Earth’s magnetosphere(Ein) exhibits dramatic interannual variation, the effect of which on Earth’s climate, however, has not drawn much attention. Based on the Einestimated by 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we demonstrate a novelty that the annual mean Eincan explain up to 25% total interannual variance of the northern-hemispheric temperature in the subsequent boreal winter. The concurrent anomalous atmospheric circulation resembles the positive phase of Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation. The warm anomalies in the tropic stratopause and tropopause induced by increased solar-wind–magnetosphere energy persist into the subsequent winter.Due to the dominant change in the polar vortex and mid-latitude westerly in boreal winter, a ‘top-down’propagation of the stationary planetary wave emerges in the Northern hemisphere and further influences the atmospheric circulation and climate.

关键词： solar wind winter climate interannual variability stratosphere

Relationship between Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Energy and Eurasian Winter Cold Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第6期37卷 652-661页

作者： Xinping XU shengping he Huijun WANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The profound impact of solar irradiance variations on the decadal variability of Earth’s climate has been investigated by previous studies.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the energetic particle precipitation(EPP)influence on the surface climate,which is an emerging research topic.The solar wind is a source of magnetospheric EPP,and the total energy input from the solar wind into Earth’s magnetosphere(Ein)shows remarkable interdecadal and interannual variability.B ased on the new Ein index,this study reveals a significant interannual relationship between the annual mean Einand Eurasian cold extremes in the subsequent winter.Less frequent cold events are observed over Eurasia(primarily north of 50°N)following the higher-than-normal Ein activity in the previous year,accompanied by more frequent cold events over northern Africa,and vice versa.This response pattern shows great resemblance to the first empirical orthogonal function of the variability of cold extremes over Eurasia,with a spatial correlation coefficient of 0.79.The pronounced intensification of the positive North Atlantic Oscillation events and poleward shift of the North Atlantic storm track associated with the anomalously higher Ein favor the anomalous extreme atmospheric circulation events,and thus less frequent extreme cold temperatures over northern Eurasia on the interannual time scale.It is further hypothesized that the wave-mean flow interaction in the stratosphere and troposphere is favorable for the connection of Ein signals to tropospheric circulation and climate in the following winter.

关键词： Eurasian interannual winter

Connection between the Silk Road Pattern in July and the Following January Temperature over East Asia

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 378-388页

作者： shengping he Yang LIU Huijun WANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University o fin formation Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029

This study investigates a cross-seasonal influence of the Silk Road Pattern（SRP）in July and discusses the related mechanism.Both the reanalysis and observational datasets indicate that the July SRP is closely related to the following January temperature over East Asia during 1958/59–2001/02.Linear regression results reveal that,following a higher-than-normal SRP index in July,the Siberian high,Aleutian low,Urals high,East Asian trough,and meridional shear of the East Asian jet intensify significantly in January.Such atmospheric circulation anomalies are favorable for northerly wind anomalies over East Asia,leading to more southward advection of cold air and causing a decrease in temperature.Further analysis indicates that the North Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies（SSTAs）might play a critical role in storing the anomalous signal of the July SRP.The significant SSTAs related to the July SRP weaken in October and November,re-emerge in December,and strengthen in the following January.Such an SSTA pattern in January can induce a surface anomalous cyclone over North Pacific and lead to dominant convergence anomalies over northwestern Pacific.Correspondingly,significant divergence anomalies appear,collocated in the upper-level troposphere in situ.Due to the advection of vorticity by divergent wind,which can be regarded as a wave source,a stationary Rossby wave originates from North Pacific and propagates eastward to East Asia,leading to temperature anomalies through its influence on the large-scale atmospheric circulation.

关键词： Silk Road Pattern teleconnection East Asia cross-seasonal influence

Variation in Principal Modes of Midsummer Precipitation over Northeast China and Its Associated Atmospheric Circulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第1期36卷 55-64页

作者： Tingting HAN shengping he Huijun WANG Xin HAO Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationNanjing University for Information Science and Technology Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study documents the first two principal modes of interannual variability of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China(NEC) and their associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. It is shown that the first principal mode exhibits the largest amount of variability in precipitation over the south of NEC(referred to as the south mode), whereas the second principal mode behaves with the greatest precipitation anomaly over the north of NEC(referred to as the north mode). Further findings reveal that, through modulating moisture transportation and upper-and lower-troposphere divergence circulation as well as vertical movement over NEC, the anomalous northwestern Pacific anticyclone and the anticyclone centered over northern NEC exert the dominant influence on the south and north modes, respectively. Additionally, it is quantitatively estimated that water vapor across the southern boundary of NEC dominates the moisture budget for the south mode, while the north mode has a close connection with moisture through NEC's northern and western boundaries. Furthermore, the north(south) mode is strongly related to the intensity(meridional shift) of the East Asian westerly jet.

关键词：发行量降水大气中国东北 NEC 调查结果垂直运动

Subseasonal Reversal of East Asian Surface Temperature Variability in Winter 2014/15

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第6期35卷 737-752页

作者： Xinping XU Fei LI shengping he Huijun WANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education Nanjing University of lnformation Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research Kjeller 2007 Norway Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Bergen 5007 Norway

Although there has been a considerable amount of research conducted on the East Asian winter-mean climate, subseasonal surface air temperature（SAT） variability reversals in the early and late winter remain poorly understood. In this study,we focused on the recent winter of 2014/15, in which warmer anomalies dominated in January and February but colder conditions prevailed in December. Moreover, Arctic sea-ice cover（ASIC） in September–October 2014 was lower than normal,and warmer sea surface temperature（SST） anomalies occurred in the Ni ？no4 region in winter, together with a positive Pacific Decadal Oscillation（PDO｜＋） phase. Using observational data and CMIP5 historical simulations, we investigated the PDO｜＋ phase modulation upon the winter warm Ni ？no4 phase（autumn ASIC reduction） influence on the subseasonal SAT variability of East Asian winter. The results show that, under a PDO｜＋ phase modulation, warm Ni ？no4 SST anomalies are associated with a subseasonal delay of tropical surface heating and subsequent Hadley cell and Ferrel cell intensification in January–February, linking the tropical and midlatitude regions. Consistently, the East Asian jet stream（EAJS） is significantly decelerated in January–February and hence promotes the warm anomalies over East Asia. Under the PDO｜＋ phase,the decrease in ASIC is related to cold SST anomalies in the western North Pacific, which increase the meridional temperature gradient and generate an accelerated and westward-shifted EAJS in December. The westward extension of the EAJS is responsible for the eastward-propagating Rossby waves triggered by declining ASIC and thereby favors the connection between ASIC and cold conditions over East Asia.

关键词： East Asia subseasonal temperature Arctic sea-ice Nino4 SST Pacific Decadal Oscillation

Impact of Global OceanicWarming on Winter Eurasian Climate

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第10期35卷 1254-1264页

作者： Xin HAO shengping he Tingting HAN Huijun WANG Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 0025Norway Joint Center for Global Change Studies(JCGCS) Beijing 100875China

In the 20 th century, Eurasian warming was observed and was closely related to global oceanic warming(the first leading rotated empirical orthogonal function of annual mean sea surface temperature over the period 1901–2004). here, large-scale patterns of covariability between global oceanic warming and circulation anomalies are investigated based on NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data. In winter, certain dominant features are found, such as a positive pattern of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), low-pressure anomalies over northern Eurasia, and a weakened East Asian trough. Numerical experiments with the CAM3.5, CCM3 and GFDL models are used to explore the contribution of global oceanic warming to the winter Eurasian climate. Results show that a positive NAO anomaly, low-pressure anomalies in northern Eurasia, and a weaker-than-normal East Asian trough are induced by global oceanic warming. Consequently, there are warmer winters in Europe and the northern part of East Asia. However, the Eurasian climate changes differ slightly among the three models. Eddy forcing and convective heating from those models may be the reason for the different responses of Eurasian climate.

关键词： global oceanic warming Eurasian warming convective heating