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Effects of Seasonal and Perennial Grazing on Soil Fauna Community and Microbial Biomass Carbon in the Subalpine Meadows of Yunnan, Southwest China

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 371-379页

作者： liu shengjie YANG Xiaodong Anthony R. IVES FENG Zhili SHA Liqing Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Mengla 666303 (China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) Department of Zoology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 (USA)

Grazing and over-grazing may drive changes in the diversity and functioning of below-ground meadow ecosystems. A field soil survey was conducted to compare microbial biomass carbon （Cmin） and soil fauna communities in the two main grassland management systems in subalpine regions of Yunnan Province, China： perennial grazing currently practiced due to increasing herd sizes and traditional seasonal grazing. A three-year exclosure experiment was then conducted to further compare the effects of different grazing practices, including treatments of no mowing, perennial grazing （NM ＋ G）, mowing followed by seasonal grazing （M ＋ G）, mowing and no grazing （M ＋ NG）, and no mowing or grazing （NM ＋ NG）. The comparative survey result revealed that Cmin and total density of soil fauna were significantly lower at a perennially grazed site than at a seasonally grazed site. The experiment results showed that in comparison to non-grazing treatments （M ＋ NG and NM ＋ NG）, grazing （NM ＋ G and M ＋ G） reduced total fauna density （by 150 individuals m-2） and the number of taxonomic groups present （by 0.32 taxa m-2）. Mowing decreased Cmin （by 0.31 mg g-l）. Furthermore, the NM ＋ G treatment （perennial grazing） had the lowest density of Collembola （16.24 individuals m-2）, one of the two most common taxonomic groups, although other taxonomic groups responded differently to the treatments. Treatment effects on soil fauna were consistent with those on above-ground grasses, in which C：N ratios were greatly reduced by grazing, with this effect being the greatest for the NM ＋ G treatment. In contrast, different grazing treatments had little effect on C：N ratio of soil. Furthermore, the traditional grazing method （mowing followed by seasonal grazing） may have less severe effects on some taxonomic groups than perennial grazing. Therefore, an appropriate management should aim to protect soil fauna and microbes in this area from over-grazing and against further degradation.

关键词： grass nutrient meadow ecosystems mowing plant and animal communities soil microbes over-grazing

Technical feasibility study of an onshore ballast water treatment system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第4期5卷 610-614页

作者： shengjie liu Manxia ZHANG Xiang LI Xiaojia TANG Lingling ZHANG Yimin ZHU Chengyu YUAN Institute of Environmental Remediation Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institution Dalian 116026China

To fulfill the requirements of Guidelines forapproval of ballast water management system(G8),a setof onshore ballast water treatment equipment utilizingmicro-pore ceramic filtration(MPCF)and UV radiation(MPCF&UV)system was designed and set up with amaximum flow rate of 80 m^(3)·h^(-1).Technical feasibilities ofMPCF&UV system were evaluated in three areas:removalefficiencies of indicator organism and oceanic bacteria,perdurability of a ceramic filter,and application on *** results showed that no indicator organism(Dunaliella)or oceanic bacteria was detected aftertreatment of 20 L MPCF and UV radiation at 1.3×10^(4)μW·s·cm^(-2).A 20 L ceramic filter can run continuouslyfor 5.3 h at the flow rate of 15 m3·h-1 before itspressure drop up to 0.195 *** removal percentage oftotal plankton amounts were 91.9%at a flow rate of70 m^(3)·h^(-1)by 80 L MPCF and UV radiation at 1.3×10^(4)μW·s·cm^(-2).

关键词： ballast water ceramic filter UV plankton oceanic bacteria

Activity-density and spatial distribution of termites on a fine-scale in a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,southwest China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第1期5卷 169-180页

作者： Myo Thant Xiaobing Lin Anjana JAtapattu Min Cao Shang-wen Xia shengjie liu Xiaodong Yang CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbanna 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental ConservationNay Pyi TawMyanmar Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil Nanchang 331717China Agronomy Division Coconut Research InstituteLunuwila 61150Sri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences and School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The community composition and activity-density of termites can influence nutrient cycling and other ecological ***,the spatial distribution and the activity-density of termites on a fine-scale in tropical forests are still *** checked the spatial distribution patterns of the feeding groups and species of termites and their co-occurrence pattern in a 1-ha(100 m×100 m)plot,and their correlatiion with the environmental *** used a standard protocol to collect termite assemblages and classified them into five feeding groups based on their preferrred diet:fungus growers,litter feeders,soil feeders,soil-wood feeders,and wood *** measured the environmental factors:soil pH,litter mass,aboveground plant biomass,and topographic position index(TPI).Soil-wood feeders showed the highest activity-density,followed by wood feeders,fungus growers,soil feeders,and litter ***-wood feeders and fungus growers demonstated a strong correlation while litter feeders showed weak correlations with other feeding *** feeding groups and most of the termite species displayed a positive association with the high TPI and the low soil pH *** results indicated that the examined environmental factors influenced the termite community assemblages and distribution patterns on a fine-scale in tropical rainforests.

关键词： Competition Co-occurrence Feeding groups Fine-scale Spatial distribution Tropical rainforest

Non-contact biomimetic mechanism for selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics on heterogeneous metal nanocatalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第4期65卷 726-732页

作者： Wenting Zhou Laiyang Li Ruixuan Qin Jiaxin Zhu shengjie liu Shiguang Mo Zaifa Shi Huihuang Fang Pengpeng Ruan Jun Cheng Gang Fu Nanfeng Zheng State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materialsand Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China

While the enzymatic reduction of unsaturated compounds usually has high specificity,highly selective reduction processes are hardly realized by heterogeneous industrial catalysts,which is critical for the green production of many fine ***,we report an unexpected discovery of a biomimetic behavior of dicyandiamide(DICY)-modified Pt nanocatalysts for the green hydrogenation of a wide range of *** demonstrate that the surface modification by DICY not only prevents the direct contact of nitroaromatic reactants with Pt surface but also induces an effective non-contact hydrogenation mechanism mediated by protons and *** such a process,the DICY layer serves as a“semi-permeable membrane”to allow the permeation of H_(2) molecules for being activated into electrons and protons at the Pt-DICY *** the generation of separated protons and electrons,the nitro group with strong electrophilic properties can be hydrogenated through the electron transfer followed by the proton transfer,which is facilitated by the hydrogen bonding network formed by protonated *** unique mechanism makes it highly directional toward the hydrogenation of nitro groups without side *** to its capability to largely eliminate the waste generation,the developed Pt-DICY catalysts have been successfully applied for the green industrial production of many important aniline intermediates.

关键词： hydrogenation catalysis nitroaromatics proton/electron separation non-contact hydrogenation biomimetic mechanism

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SNP-based linkage mapping for validation of adult plant stripe rust resistance QTL in common wheat cultivar Chakwal 86

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 176-186页

作者： Qingdong Zeng Jianhui Wu Shuo Huang Fengping Yuan shengjie liu Qilin Wang Jingmei Mu Shizhou Yu Li Chen Dejun Han Zhensheng Kang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University Extension Center for Agricultural Technology Agriculture Department of Tibetan Autonomous Region

Wheat crops in China are constantly challenged by stripe rust. Deployment of cultivars with diverse resistances is the best strategy to control the disease. A recombinant inbred line(RIL) population derived from a cross between the resistant cultivar Chakwal 86 and susceptible landrace Mingxian 169 was studied in multiple environments to examine the underlying genetics and to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL) for stripe rust *** hundred and twenty-eight RILs were genotyped with wheat 35 K SNP array and a genome-wide linkage map with 1480 polymorphic SNP markers, or bins, was *** major QTL on chromosomes 1BL and 3BS, and one minor QTL on 6BS had significant effects in reducing stripe rust severity. The QTL were validated using composite interval mapping(CIM) and inclusive composite interval mapping(ICIM). These methods explained59.0%–74.1% of the phenotype variation in disease response. The QTL on chromosome 1 BL was confirmed to be Yr29/Lr46 and the one on 3BS was the resistance allele identified in CIMMYT germplasm but was not Yr30/Sr2. The QTL on 6BS probably corresponded to previously known QTL. RILs with combined QTL were more resistant than those with single or no QTL. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) assays for the QTL with largest effect QTL on chromosome 3BS were performed on a subset of RILs and 150 unrelated wheat lines. The QTL on 3BS with its linked KASP markers can be used in marker-assisted selection to improve stripe rust resistance in breeding programs.

关键词： Genetic linkage Haplotype analysis QTL mapping Puccinia striiformis Single nucleotide polymorphism Triticum aestivum

Combined linkage and association mapping reveals two major QTL for stripe rust adult plant resistance in Shaanmai 155 and their haplotype variation in common wheat germplasm

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 783-792页

作者： Cai’e Zhou Dan liu Xu Zhang Qimeng Wu shengjie liu Qingdong Zeng Qilin Wang Changfa Wang Chunlian Li Ravi PSingh Sridhar Bhavani Zhensheng Kang Dejun Han Weijun Zheng Jianhui Wu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) El BatanTexcocoEstado de Mexico 56237Mexico

The development and deployment of diverse resistance sources in new wheat cultivars underpin the durable control of stripe *** the present study,two loci for adult plant resistance(APR),QYr SM155.1 and QYr SM155.2,were identified in the Chinese wheat breeding line Shaanmai *** SM155.1 was mapped to a 3.0-c M interval between the single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers AX-109583610 and AX-110907562 on chromosome arm 2 *** SM155.2 was mapped to a 2.1-c M interval flanked by the SNP markers AX-110378556 and AX-86173526 on chromosome arm 7 AS.A genome-wide association study was used to identify markers associated with APR in a panel of 411 spring wheat *** and 11 SNPs were significantly associated with QYr SM155.1 and QYr SM155.2,respectively,corresponding to physical intervals of 653.75–655.52 Mb on 2 BL and 81.63–83.93 Mb on7 *** characterize the haplotype variation and the distribution of these QTL,haplotype analysis was performed based on these SNPs in an independent panel of 1101 worldwide wheat *** major haplotypes(2 B_h1,2 B_h2,and 2 B_h3)for QYr SM155.1 and four major haplotypes(7 A_h1,7 A_h2,7 A_h3,and 7 A_h4)for QYr SM155.2 were *** individually harboring QYr SM155.1_h1 and QYr SM155.2_h1 haplotypes and their combination displayed *** assays of 1306 current Chinese cultivars and breeding lines using markers flanking QYr SM155.1 and QYr SM155.2 indicated that the resistance haplotypes of the two QTL were present in respectively 1.45%and 14.16%of *** resistance haplotype frequencies at these two loci using marker-assisted selection should benefit wheat production in China.

关键词： Linkage and association mapping Stripe rust resistance QYr SM155.1 QYr SM155.2 Haplotype variation

A Putative Chloroplast-Localized Ca2＋/H＋ Antiporter CCHA1 Is Involved in Calcium and pH Homeostasis and Required for PSII Function in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第8期9卷 1183-1196页

作者： Chao Wang Weitao Xu Honglei Jin Taijie Zhang Jianbin Lai Xuan Zhou Shengchun Zhang shengjie liu Xuewu Duan Hongbin Wang Changlian Peng Chengwei Yang Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development College of Life Science South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrel and Guangdeng Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South Ohina Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzheu Guangdong Province 510650 China

Calcium is important for chloroplast, not only in its photosynthetic but also nonphotosynthetic functions. Mul- tiple Ca2＋/H＋ transporters and channels have been described and studied in the plasma membrane and organ- elle membranes of plant cells; however, the molecular identity and physiological roles of chloroplast Ca2＋/H＋ antiporters have remained unknown. Here we report the identification and characterization of a member of the UPFO016 family, CCHA1 （a chloroplast-localized potential Ca2＋/H＋ antiporter）, in Arabidopsis thaliana. We observed that the ccha I mutant plants developed pale green leaves and showed severely stunted growth along with impaired photosystem II （PSII） function. CCHA1 localizes to the chloroplasts, and the levels of the PSII core subunits and the oxygen-evolving complex were significantly decreased in the ccha I mutants compared with the wild type. In high Ca2＋ concentrations, Arabidopsis CCHA1 partially rescued the growth defect of yeast gdtl3 null mutant, which is defective in a Ca2＋/H＋ antiporter. The cchal mutant plants also showed significant sensitivity to high concentrations of CaCI2 and MnCI2, as well as variation in pH. Taken these results together, we propose that CCHA 1 might encode a putative chloroplast-localized Ca2＋/H＋ antiporter with critical functions in the regulation of PSII and in chloroplast Ca2＋ and pH homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Ca2+/H+ antiporter Ca2+ homeostasis pH homeostasis CCHA1

Extreme drought changes in Southwest China from 1960 to 2009

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第1期23卷 3-16页

作者： ZHANG Mingjun HE Jinyun WANG Baolong WANG shengjie LI Shanshan liu Wenli MA Xuening College of Geography and Environment Sciences Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China

Based on the daily data of temperature and precipitation of 108 meteorological stations in Southwest China from 1960 to 2009, we calculate the monthly and yearly surface humid indexes, as well as the extreme drought frequency. According to the data, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the extreme drought frequency in inter-annual, inter-decadal, summer monsoon period and winter monsoon period are analyzed. The results are indicated as follows. （1） In general, the southwestern Sichuan Basin, southern Hengduan Mountains, southern coast of Guangxi and northern Guizhou are the areas where the extreme drought frequency has significantly increased in the past 50 years. As for the decadal change, from the 1960s to the 1980s the extreme drought frequency has presented a decreasing trend, while the 1990s is the wettest decade and the whole area is turning wet. In the 2000s, the extreme drought frequency rises quickly, but the regional differences reduce. （2） During summer monsoon period, the extreme drought frequency is growing, which generally occurs in the high mountains around the Sichuan Basin, most parts of Guangxi and ＂the broom-shaped mountains＂ in Yunnan. It is distinct that the altitude has impacts on the ex- treme drought frequency; during winter monsoon period, the area is relatively wet and the extreme drought frequency is decreasing. （3） During summer monsoon period, the abrupt change is observed in 2003, whereas the abrupt change during winter monsoon period is in 1989. The annual extreme drought frequency variation is a superposition of abrupt changes during summer monsoon and winter monsoon periods. The departure sequence vibration of annual extreme drought frequency is quasi-5 years and quasi-12 years.

关键词： Southwest China extreme drought summer monsoon winter monsoon

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评价长度对沥青路面性能PCI结果的影响

江苏大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第4期36卷 465-468页

作者：刘圣洁长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室陕西西安710064

为研究评价长度对PCI结果的影响,选取8个评价长度进行分析,并计算了不同评价长度对沥青路面PCI评价结果的影响,将其评价结果与标准的1 000 m长度评价结果对比.研究结果表明:当选定的评价长度小于标准的评价长度时,得到的PCI评价结果较... 详细信息

为研究评价长度对PCI结果的影响,选取8个评价长度进行分析,并计算了不同评价长度对沥青路面PCI评价结果的影响,将其评价结果与标准的1 000 m长度评价结果对比.研究结果表明:当选定的评价长度小于标准的评价长度时,得到的PCI评价结果较标准长度的PCI的结果偏大;当选定的评价长度大于标准的评价长度时,得到的PCI评价结果较标准长度的PCI的结果偏小.研究发现,当评价长度为(1 000±500)m时,得到的总体PCI与标准值计算的总体PCI值的偏离度较小.当无法满足标准长度的划分或仅需对该路段总体性能进行评价时,为保证PCI的精度,评价长度应尽量偏大而不宜偏小.

关键词：评价长度 PCI 道路工程沥青路面路面性能