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Threshold of climate extremes that impact vegetation productivity over the Tibetan Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1967-1977页

作者： Zhenggang piao Xiangyi LI Hao XU Kai WANG Shuchang TANG Fei KAN Songbai HONG College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vegetation growth is adversely impacted by multiple climate extremes related to the water and thermal stress over the Tibetan Plateau(TP).However,it remains unknown at which stress level these climate extremes can trigger the abrupt shifts of vegetation response to climate extremes and result in the maximum vegetation response across *** fill this knowledge gap,we combined the hydrometeorological data and the satellite-derived vegetation index to detect two critical thresholds that determine the response of vegetation productivity to droughts,high-temperature extremes,and low-temperature extremes,respectively,during *** results show that the response of vegetation productivity to droughts rapidly increases once crossing -1.41±0.6 standard deviation(σ)below the normal conditions of soil *** crossing-2.98σ±0.9σ,vegetation productivity is maximum damaged by ***-temperature extremes,which have the two thresholds of 1.34σ±0.4σand 2.31σ±0.4σover TP,are suggested to trigger the strong response of vegetation productivity at a milder stress level than low-temperature extremes(two thresholds:-1.44σ±0.5σand-2.53σ±0.8σ).Moreover,we found the compounded effects of soil moisture deficit in reducing the threshold values of both high-and low-temperature *** on the derived thresholds of climate extremes that impact vegetation productivity,Earth System Models project that southwestern TP and part of the northeastern TP will become the hotspots with a high exposure risk to climate extremes by *** study deciphers the high-impact extreme climates using two important thresholds across TP,which advances the understanding of the vegetation response to different climate extremes and provides a paradigm for assessing the impacts of climate extremes on regional ecosystems.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Climate extremes Thresholds Vegetation productivity

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Mobile mini-fluorimeter for antibiotic aptasensing based on surface-plasmonic effect of burlike nanogolds enhanced by digitized imaging diagnosis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 418-422页

作者： Tiantian Man Fulin Zhu Yaqi Huang Yuhao piao Yan Su shengyuan Deng Ying Wan School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Antibiotic abuse now poses a grave threat to global ecology and bestirs public concerns about the residue issue in daily *** traceability measurements along supply chain or logistic circulation have become increasingly essential given the labile nature of diverse synthetic residuals on *** an attempt to answer this urgency,here a miniaturized fluorometric aptasensor prototype was contrived that catered to the point-of-care screening norm for two typical additives:chloramphenicol and *** key target-indicating module worked in vitro based on the competitive binding-induced fluorescence recovery of fluorescein-labeled aptamers,which were photobleached beforehand in the format of double helix on burlike nanogold ***“prickly”geometry of the latter not just enriched the capture probes at preferentially substrate-accessible spires;but also contributed to a tip-enhanced surface plasmon effect,sensitizing the signal-on during the duplex dissociation even at nanomolar threshold of the *** the other hand,to encompass a full portable,a set of optical devices were mounted within a 3D-printed cartridge(adaptor)to converge the light beam and route it towards the detector,for which the smartphone camera came up in handy with a home-developed App for calibrating the emissive *** by the high-dynamic-range compression,an imaging diagnostic algorithm was built in to grid and digitize each slide in the album for augmented detection ***,a novel bio-to-silico integration was invented that capable of in situ rapid reporting on the antibiotic presence with high sensitivity and *** field practices in spiked milk on sales proved the precision and rudimentary feasibility of the well-assembled model of appliance,thus holding nice prospects in nonexpert(e.g.,family and local community)utilities for foodborne antibiotic identification.

关键词： Chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin Aptasensor Gold nanoburs Smartphone fluorimetric suite Digitized image postprocessing

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长波红外平面计算衍射光学系统设计

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光学学报 2024年第14期44卷 210-217页

作者：王喆盛忠韩璟圳甄政张承然马德超朴明旭长春理工大学光电工程学院北京遥感设备研究所

提出一种平面计算衍射光学系统，分析平面衍射光学系统的像差特性，基于波前像差理论并利用Zernike多项式构建波前像差模型，通过傅里叶变换建立点扩散函数模型，结合反卷积算法处理图像，消除了轴外像差对成像的影响。设计一种波段为8... 详细信息

提出一种平面计算衍射光学系统，分析平面衍射光学系统的像差特性，基于波前像差理论并利用Zernike多项式构建波前像差模型，通过傅里叶变换建立点扩散函数模型，结合反卷积算法处理图像，消除了轴外像差对成像的影响。设计一种波段为8～12μm、焦距为12 mm、F数为1.2的平面衍射光学系统，利用计算成像的方法将视场从1°扩大到4°，物距为4 m到无限远。结果表明，该方法效果明显，成像质量得到提升，实现了光学系统的小型化和轻量化，为光学系统的集成化提供了新思路。

关键词：光学设计计算成像衍射元件点扩散函数空间变化反卷积

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Signal space transform and multidimensional information joint processing for moving target

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Chinese Journal of Acoustics 2024年第1期43卷 23-48页

作者： SHI Yunjia piao shengchun GUO Junyuan ZHANG Liu Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001 Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University) Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001 College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001

A signal space transform method for detection of line spectrum signals radiated by moving target is *** time-frequency analysis and beamforming processing,a three-dimensional(3D)time-frequency-azimuth signal space is obtained in the array coordinate *** certain target course angle,this 3D signal space is transformed to the time-frequency-relative bearing spectrum signal space in the target coordinate *** theoretical derivation,simulation,and experimental data processing are *** findings demonstrate that the method is capable of converting the target line spectrum signal 3D trajectory to a 2D trajectory on the corresponding slice in the transformed signal space and signal processing gain of multi-dimensional information joint processing is obtained easier than in 3D signal space.

关键词： system. moving transformed

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Boundedness of solutions for a class of semilinear oscillators

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Yan ZHUANG Da Xiong piao Yan Min NIU Ocean University of China School of Mathematical Sciences

We are concerned with the boundedness for the equation x + f(x, x) + ω2x = p(t), where p is quasi-periodic function. Since the corresponding system is non-Hamiltonian, we transform the original system into a new reversible one, the Poincaré mapping of which satisfies the twist theorem for quasi-periodic reversible mappings of low smoothness, or is close to its linear part by normal form theorem. We then obtain results concerning the boundedness of solutions based on the recently *** above two cases need some smooth and growth assumptions for f and p, which are precisely the innovations of this paper.

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Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 87-95页

作者： Liu Yang Xing Zhang Yaning Hu piao Zhu Hua Li Zhenyu Peng Hai Xiang Xinying Zhou Xingbo Zhao National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of AnimalGeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient ***,the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly *** investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes,in this study,we obtain mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present(BP).By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep(4429–3556 BP)found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang,Altai region of northwest China,our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 *** combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern *** least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China,one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 ***,this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

关键词： Sheep Ancient DNA Eastern Asia Mitochondrial genome Migration Altai

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Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):in vitro and in vivo studies

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1638-1656页

作者： piao Zhao Lin Feng Weidan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Hongmei Ren Xiaowan Jin Lu Zhang Haifeng Mi Xiaoqiu Zhou Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 611130SichuanChina Tongwei Co. Ltd.Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Background Ochratoxin A(OTA),a globally abundant and extremely hazardous pollutant,is a significant source of contamination in aquafeeds and is responsible for severe food *** developmental toxicity of OTA and the potential relieving strategy of natural products remain *** study screened the substance curcumin(Cur),which had the best effect in alleviating OTA inhibition of myoblast proliferation,from 96 natural products and investigated its effect and mechanism in reducing OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in *** A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp,with an initial average body weight of 11.06±0.05 g,were randomly assigned into 4 groups:the control group(without OTA and Cur),1.2 mg/kg OTA group,400 mg/kg Cur group,and 1.2 mg/kg OTA+400 mg/kg Cur *** treatment consisted of 3 replicates(180 fish)for 60 *** Firstly,we cultured,purified,and identified myoblasts using the tissue block culture *** preliminary screening and re-screening of 96 substances,we examined cell proliferation-related indicators such as cell viability and ultimately found that Cur had the best ***,Cur could alleviate OTA-inhibited myoblast differentiation and myofibrillar development-related proteins(Myo G and MYHC)in vivo and in vitro and improve the growth performance of grass ***,Cur could also promote the expression of OTA-inhibited protein synthesis-related proteins(S6K1 and TOR),which was related to the activation of the AKT/TOR signaling ***,Cur could downregulate the expression of OTA-enhanced protein degradation-related genes(murf1,foxo3a,and ub),which was related to the inhibition of the Fox O3a signaling *** In summary,our data demonstrated the effectiveness of Cur in alleviating OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in *** study confirms the rapidity,feasibility,and effectiveness of establishing a natural product screening method targeting myoblasts to alleviate fungal toxin toxicity.

关键词： Curcumin Grass carp Myotoxic Ochratoxin A Protein deposition

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Study on Fatigue Life Prediction of TC4-DT Structural Simulants by Using Critical Distance Theory

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 320-338页

作者： Taiyu piao Xiaoan Hu College of aircraft Power Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang China

In the actual engineering of the structure, mechanical notch is inevitable, which will significantly reduce the fatigue life of the structure. In order to ensure the application of notch structures in engineering, the accurate evaluation of the impact of notch on fatigue life has become the basis of fatigue reliability design of structures. To investigate the influence of the concave structure on the overall fatigue life in practical engineering, three different sizes of V-notch parts and concave structure simulation parts were designed, and the life prediction was carried out by using the critical distance method. The results show that the stress gradient of the concave structure with the same stress concentration coefficient is much greater than that of the V-notch structure. Considering the notch effect, the S-T model in the critical distance method is modified by the stress concentration coefficient and stress gradient, and it is found that the life prediction accuracy reaches the ideal.

关键词： Notched Fatigue Critical Distance Stress Concentration Stress Gradient

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Rosemary extract improves egg quality by altering gut barrier function,intestinal microbiota and oviductal gene expressions in late-phase laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 295-312页

作者： Lianhua Zhang Junwei Ge Fei Gao Min Yang Hui Li Fei Xia Hongtong Bai Xiangshu piao Zhiying Sun Lei Shi Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China College of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Rosemary extract(RE)has been reported to exert antioxidant ***,the application of RE in late-phase laying hens on egg quality,intestinal barrier and microbiota,and oviductal function has not been systematically *** study was investigated to detect the potential effects of RE on performance,egg quality,serum parameters,intestinal heath,cecal microbiota and metabolism,and oviductal gene expressions in late-phase laying hens.A total of 21065-week-old“Jing Tint 6”laying hens were randomly allocated into five treatments with six replicates and seven birds per replicate and fed basal diet(CON)or basal diet supplemented with chlortetracycline at 50 mg/kg(CTC)or RE at 50 mg/kg(RE50),100 mg/kg(RE100),and 200 mg/kg(RE200).Results Our results showed that RE200 improved(P<0.05)Haugh unit and n-6/n-3 of egg yolk,serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)compared with *** significant differences were observed for Haugh unit and n-6/n-3 of egg yolk among CTC,RE50,RE100 and RE200 *** with CTC and RE50 groups,RE200 increased serum SOD activity on d 28 and *** with CON,RE supplementation decreased(P<0.05)total cholesterol(TC)***,RE100 and RE200 decreased(P<0.05)serum interleukin-6(IL-6)content compared with *** and RE200 increased jejunal m RNA expression of ZO-1 and Occludin compared with *** biomarkers of cecal microbiota and metabolite induced by RE 200,including Firmicutes,Eisenbergiella,Paraprevotella,Papillibacter,and butyrate,were closely associated with Haugh unit,n-6/n-3,SOD,IL-6,and ***2 analysis indicated that RE altered carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism of cecal microbiota and increased butyrate synthesizing enzymes,including 3-oxoacid Co A-transferase and butyrate-acetoacetate Co ***,transcriptomic analysis revealed that RE200 improved gene expressions and functional pathways related to immunity and albumen formation in the oviductal *** Dietary supplementation with 2

关键词： Intestinal health Laying hens Microbiota Oviductal function Phytochemicals Production

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Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 137-149页

作者： Minqi Liang Zheyan Zhou Peiyang Ren Han Xiao Xu-Ri Zhongmin Hu Shilong piao Hanqin Tian Qing Tong Feng Zhou Jing Wei Wenping Yuan School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)

China is among the top nitrous oxide（N2O）-emitting countries, but existing national inventories do not provide full-scale emissions including both natural and anthropogenic sources. We conducted a four-decade（1980–2020） of comprehensive quantification of Chinese N2O inventory using empirical emission factor method for anthropogenic sources and two up-to-date process-based models for natural sources. Total N2O emissions peaked at 2287.4（1774.8–2799.9） Gg N2O yr-1in 2018, and agriculture-developed regions, like the East, Northeast, and Central, were the top N2O-emitting regions. Agricultural N2O emissions have started to decrease after 2016 due to the decline of nitrogen fertilization applications, while, industrial and energetic sources have been dramatically increasing after 2005. N2O emissions from agriculture, industry,energy, and waste represented 49.3%, 26.4%, 17.5%, and 6.7% of the anthropogenic emissions in 2020,respectively, which revealed that it is imperative to prioritize N2O emission mitigation in agriculture,industry, and energy. Natural N2O sources, dominated by forests, have been steadily growing from 317.3（290.3–344.1） Gg N2O yr-1in 1980 to 376.2（335.5–407.2） Gg N2O yr-1in 2020. Our study produces a Full-scale Annual N2O dataset in China（FAN2020）, providing emergent counting to refine the current national N2O inventories.

关键词： nitrous oxide four decades anthropogenic sources natural sources

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