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Neutrophil peptide 1 accelerates the clearance of degenerative axons during Wallerian degeneration by activating macrophages after peripheral nerve crush injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1822-1827页

作者： Yuhui Kou Yusong Yuan Qicheng Li Wenyong Xie Hailin xu Na han Department of Trauma and Orthopedics Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina National Center for Trauma Medicine BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Department of Orthopedics China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina

Macrophages play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration,but the specific mechanism of regeneration is still *** preliminary findings indicated that neutrophil peptide 1 is an innate immune peptide closely involved in peripheral nerve ***,the mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances nerve regeneration remains *** study was designed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil peptide 1 and macrophages in vivo and in vitro in peripheral nerve crush *** functions of RAW 264.7 cells we re elucidated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,flow cytometry,migration assays,phagocytosis assays,immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** debris phagocytosis was observed using the CUBIC(Clear,Unobstructed Brain/Body Imaging Cocktails and Computational analysis)optical clearing technique during Wallerian *** inflammatory factor expression in different polarization states was detected using a protein *** results showed that neutrophil peptide 1 promoted the prolife ration,migration and phagocytosis of macrophages,and CD206 expression on the surfa ce of macrophages,indicating M2 *** axonal debris clearance rate during Wallerian degeneration was enhanced after neutrophil peptide 1 *** peptide 1 also downregulated inflammatory factors interleukin-1α,-6,-12,and tumor necrosis factor-αin invo and in ***,the results suggest that neutrophil peptide 1 activates macrophages and accelerates Wallerian degeneration,which may be one mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： axonal debris inflammatory factors macrophages neutrophil peptide 1 peripheral nerve injury peripheral nerve regeneration RAW 264.7 cells sciatic nerve Wallerian degeneration

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Mastering air combat game with deep reinforcement learning

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 295-312页

作者： Jingyu Zhu Minchi Kuang Wenqing Zhou Heng Shi Jihong Zhu xu han Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Chengdu Aircraft Design&Research Institute Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaChengdu 610000China

Reinforcement learning has been applied to air combat problems in recent years,and the idea of curriculum learning is often used for reinforcement learning,but traditional curriculum learning suffers from the problem of plasticity loss in neural *** loss is the difficulty of learning new knowledge after the network has *** this end,we propose a motivational curriculum learning distributed proximal policy optimization(MCLDPPO)algorithm,through which trained agents can significantly outperform the predictive game tree and mainstream reinforcement learning *** motivational curriculum learning is designed to help the agent gradually improve its combat ability by observing the agent's unsatisfactory performance and providing appropriate rewards as a ***,a complete tactical maneuver is encapsulated based on the existing air combat knowledge,and through the flexible use of these maneuvers,some tactics beyond human knowledge can be *** addition,we designed an interruption mechanism for the agent to increase the frequency of decisionmaking when the agent faces an *** the number of threats received by the agent changes,the current action is interrupted in order to reacquire observations and make decisions *** the interruption mechanism can significantly improve the performance of the *** simulate actual air combat better,we use digital twin technology to simulate real air battles and propose a parallel battlefield mechanism that can run multiple simulation environments simultaneously,effectively improving data *** experimental results demonstrate that the agent can fully utilize the situational information to make reasonable decisions and provide tactical adaptation in the air combat,verifying the effectiveness of the algorithmic framework proposed in this paper.

关键词： Air combat MCLDPPO Interruption mechanism Digital twin Distributed system

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First Record of Cyclocarya from the Early Oligocene Qaidam Basin,North Tibet:Implications for the Paleogeography and Paleoecology

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 201-211页

作者： Yafei Hou Bowen Song Xiangchuan Li Fang han xu Zhang Kexin Zhang Institute of Geological Survey China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Earth Sciences and Resources&Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of the Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

As the largest intermontane basin in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau(TP),the Qaidam Basin provides unique insight into paleoclimatic change and its relationship with global change and uplift on the *** this study,based on morphological comparison,fossil fruit of Cyclocarya from the Early Oligocene Shangganchaigou Formation in the Qaidam Basin is assigned as Cyclocarya *** discovery of Cyclocarya *** demonstrates the occurrence of Cyclocarya in the Oligocene sediment in Qaidam *** is the first record of Cyclocarya fossil of Early Oligocene Age in China and indicates that Cyclocarya has existed on the northeastern TP since at least the Early *** living analogues of the current fossil now lives in sub-tropical China,where the East Asian Monsoon is *** the new fossils and previously reported fossil remains of plants and fishes,it can be inferred that the Early Oligocene Qaidam Basin was primarily influenced by westerly circulation and had a relatively warm and humid climate,which was in sharp contrast to the present-day climate in Qaidam Basin.

关键词： biostratigraphy climate change winged-fruit fossil Qaidam Basin Early Oligocene paleoclimate paleogeography

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Optimization of Gas Production from Hydrate-Bearing Sediments with Fluctuation Characteristics

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 618-632页

作者： LI Yaobin xu Tianfu XIN Xin YU han YUAN Yilong ZHU Huixing Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

As an important source of low-carbon,clean fossil energy,natural gas hydrate plays an important role in improving the global energy consumption *** the hydrate industry in the South China Sea is important to achieving‘carbon peak and carbon neutrality’goals as soon as ***-water areas subjected to the action of long-term stress and tectonic movement have developed complex and volatile terrains,and as such,the morphologies of hydrate-bearing sediments(HBSs)fluctuate *** key to numerically simulating HBS morphologies is the establishment of the conceptual model,which represents the objective and real description of the actual geological ***,current numerical simulation models have characterized HBSs into horizontal strata without considering the fluctuation *** representing the HBS as a horizontal element reduces simulation ***,the commonly used horizontal HBS model and a model considering the HBS’s fluctuation characteristics with the data of the SH2 site in the Shenhu Sea area were first constructed in this ***,their production behaviors were compared,and the huge impact of the fluctuation characteristics on HBS production was *** this basis,the key parameters affecting the depressurization production of the fluctuating HBSs were studied and *** research results show that the fluctuation characteristics have an obvious influence on the hydrate production of HBSs by affecting their temperatures and pressure distributions,as well as the transmission of the pressure drop and methane gas ***,the results show that the gas productivity of fluctuating HBSs was about 5%less than that of horizontal *** optimizing the depressurization amplitude,well length,and layout location of vertical wells,the productivity of fluctuating HBSs increased by about 56.6%.

关键词： natural gas hydrate numerical simulation fluctuation characteristics depressurization production production well optimization

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A Deep Learning Approach for Forecasting Thunderstorm Gusts in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1342-1363页

作者： Yunqing LIU Lu YANG Mingxuan CHEN Linye SONG Lei han Jingfeng xu Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Thunderstorm gusts are a common form of severe convective weather in the warm season in North China,and it is of great importance to correctly forecast *** present,the forecasting of thunderstorm gusts is mainly based on traditional subjective methods,which fails to achieve high-resolution and high-frequency gridded forecasts based on multiple observation *** this paper,we propose a deep learning method called Thunderstorm Gusts TransU-net(TGTransUnet)to forecast thunderstorm gusts in North China based on multi-source gridded product data from the Institute of Urban Meteorology(IUM)with a lead time of 1 to 6 *** determine the specific range of thunderstorm gusts,we combine three meteorological variables:radar reflectivity factor,lightning location,and 1-h maximum instantaneous wind speed from automatic weather stations(AWSs),and obtain a reasonable ground truth of thunderstorm ***,we transform the forecasting problem into an image-to-image problem in deep learning under the TG-TransUnet architecture,which is based on convolutional neural networks and a *** analysis and forecast data of the enriched multi-source gridded comprehensive forecasting system for the period 2021–23 are then used as training,validation,and testing ***,the performance of TG-TransUnet is compared with other *** results show that TG-TransUnet has the best prediction results at 1–6 *** IUM is currently using this model to support the forecasting of thunderstorm gusts in North China.

关键词： thunderstorm gusts deep learning weather forecasting convolutional neural network transformer

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Prediction of impurity spectrum function by deep learning algorithm

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 52-63页

作者：刘婷韩榕生陈亮 School of Mathematics and Physics North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Institute of Condensed Matter Physics North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

By using the numerical renormalization group(NRG)method,we construct a large dataset with about one million spectral functions of the Anderson quantum impurity *** dataset contains the density of states(DOS)of the host material,the strength of Coulomb interaction between on-site electrons(U),and the hybridization between the host material and the impurity site(Γ).The continued DOS and spectral functions are stored with Chebyshev coefficients and wavelet functions,*** this dataset,we build seven different machine learning networks to predict the spectral function from the input data,DOS,U,andΓ.Three different evaluation indexes,mean absolute error(MAE),relative error(RE)and root mean square error(RMSE),are used to analyze the prediction abilities of different network *** analysis shows that,for the two kinds of widely used recurrent neural networks(RNNs),gate recurrent unit(GRU)has better performance than the long short term memory(LSTM)network.A combination of bidirectional GRU(BiGRU)and GRU has the best performance among GRU,BiGRU,LSTM,and *** MAE peak of BiGRU+GRU reaches *** have also tested a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1DCNN)with 20 hidden layers and a residual neural network(ResNet),we find that the 1DCNN has almost the same performance of the BiGRU+GRU network for the original dataset,while the robustness testing seems to be a little weak than BiGRU+GRU when we test all these models on two other independent *** ResNet has the worst performance among all the seven network *** datasets presented in this paper,including the large data set of the spectral function of Anderson quantum impurity model,are openly available at https://***/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00192.

关键词： machine learning Anderson impurity model spectral function

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Energy saving analysis for CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection technology in converter steelmaking

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1095-1103页

作者： Bao-chen han Chun-liang Gao Ya-qiang Li Dan Liu Guang-sheng Wei Rong Zhu Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Material Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018HebeiChina Department of Automotive Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai054000HebeiChina School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Energy-saving in China's iron and steel industry still relies on the development and improvement of short-term energy saving ***,a special converter smelting technology incorporating energy saving was *** evaluate the energy-saving potential of the CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection(COMI)technology,collected production data were used to develop an improved techno-economic *** reveal that the technology can save energy through auxiliary material consumption,sensible heat of solid by-product,iron loss reduction,and energy *** application of COMI technology in an enterprise is cost effective,involving the energy saving potential of 0.206 GJ/t,the cost of conserved energy of−48.83 yuan/GJ,and a simple payback period of 0.35 year for a 60-million-yuan *** analysis shows that the investment cost and discount rate primarily influence the cost of conserved energy of the *** the discount rate increased,the cost of conserved energy also gradually ***,the COMI technology is an energy-saving technology with good development prospects.

关键词： Converter steelmaking COMI technology Energy saving Techno-economic model Investment cost

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Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting with a donor-acceptor polyimide

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 463-473页

作者： Hongyu QU Xiaoyu xu Longfei HONG Xintie WANG Yifei ZAN Huiyan ZhanG Xiao ZhanG sheng CHU Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of the Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Polyimide(PI)has emerged as a promising organic photocatalyst owing to its distinct advantages of high visible-light response,facile synthesis,molecularly tunable donor-acceptor structure,and excellent physicochemical ***,the synthesis of high-quality PI photoelectrode remains a challenge,and photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting for PI has been less ***,the synthesis of uniform PI photoelectrode films via a simple spin-coating method was reported,and their PEC properties were investigated using melamine as donor and various anhydrides as *** influence of the conjugate size of aromatic unit(phenyl,biphenyl,naphthalene,perylene)of electron acceptor on PEC performance were studied,where naphthalene-based PI photoelectrode exhibited the highest photocurrent *** is resulted from the unification of widerange light absorption,efficient charge separation and transport,and strong photooxidation *** paper expands the material library of polymer films for PEC applications and contributes to the rational design of efficient polymer photoelectrodes.

关键词： polyimide(PI)film photoelectrochemistry band structure engineering aromatic unit

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High temperature treatment induced production of unreduced 2n pollen in Camellia oleifera

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 879-896页

作者： Hongda Deng Xiaoyu Zhang Song sheng Yuxun Huang Ziqi Ye Tongyue Zhang Xing Liu Zhiqiang han The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangshaHunan 410004China Yuelushan Laboratory ChangshaHunan 410128China Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangshaHunan 410004China National Forest and Seedling Workstation of Hunan Province The Forestry Department of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan 410004China

Unreduced gametes through chromosome doubling play a major role in the process of plant *** previous work confirmed that Camellia oleifera can produce natural 2n pollen,and it is possible to induce the 2n pollen formation by high temperature *** study focused on the optimization of the 2n pollen induction technique and the mechanisms of high temperature-induced2n pollen formation in *** found that the optimal protocol for inducing 2n pollen via high temperature was to perform 45℃with4 h at the prophaseⅠstage of the pollen mother cells(PMCs).Meanwhile,high temperature significantly decreased the yield and fertility of2n *** the observation of meiosis,abnormal chromosome and cytological behaviour was discovered under high-temperature treatment,and we confirmed that the formation of 2n pollen is caused by abnormal cell *** on weighted gene co-expression network analysis,fifteen hub genes related to cell cycle control were *** male flower buds were exposed to heat shock,polygalacturonase gene(CoPGX3)was significantly *** inferred that high temperature causes the CoPGX3 gene to be overexpressed and that CoPGX3 is redistributed into the cytosol where it degrades cytoplasmic pectin,which leads to an abnormal cell ***,abnormal cytokinesis resulted in the formation of dyads and triads,and PMCs divided to produce 2n *** findings provide new insights into the mechanism of 2n pollen induced by high temperature in a woody plant and lay a foundation for further ploidy breeding of ***.

关键词： Camellia oleifera Pollen mother cells(PMCs) High temperature Meiosis 2n pollen CoPGX3

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Improved nuclear mass formula with an additional term from the Fermi gas model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 131-138页

作者： Xiao-Yu xu Li Deng Ai-Xi Chen hang Yang Amir Jalili han-Kui Wang School of Science Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Nuclear mass is a fundamental property of nuclear physics and a necessary input in nuclear *** to the complexity of atomic nuclei and nonperturbative strong interactions,conventional physical models cannot completely describe nuclear binding *** this study,the mass formula was improved by considering an additional term from the Fermi gas *** nuclear masses in the Atomic Mass Evaluation Database were reproduced with a root-mean-square deviation(RMSD)of -1.86 MeV(1.92 MeV).The new mass formula exhibits good performance in the neutron-rich nuclear *** RMSD decreases to 0.393 MeV when the ratio of the neutron number to the proton number is≥1.6.

关键词： Nuclear mass formula Neutron-rich nuclei Fermi-gas model

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