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Causal role of immune cells in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome:Mendelian randomization study

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1227-1234页

作者： huang-Hong Zhao Zhen Ma Dong-sheng Guan Department of Encephalopathy Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Personnel The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Despite being one of the most prevalent sleep disorders,obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome(OSAHS)has limited information on its immunologic foundation.The immunological underpinnings of certain major psychiatric diseases have been uncovered in recent years thanks to the extensive use of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)and genotyping techniques using highdensity genetic markers(e.g.,SNP or CNVs).But this tactic hasn't yet been applied to OSAHS.Using a Mendelian randomization analysis,we analyzed the causal link between immune cells and the illness in order to comprehend the immunological bases of OSAHS.AIM To investigate the immune cells'association with OSAHS via genetic methods,guiding future clinical research.METHODS A comprehensive two-sample mendelian randomization study was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and OSAHS.Summary statistics for each immune cell feature were obtained from the GWAS catalog.Information on 731 immune cell properties,such as morphologic parameters,median fluorescence intensity,absolute cellular,and relative cellular,was compiled using publicly available genetic databases.The results'robustness,heterogeneity,and horizontal pleiotropy were confirmed using extensive sensitivity examination.RESULTS Following false discovery rate(FDR)correction,no statistically significant effect of OSAHS on immunophenotypes was observed.However,two lymphocyte subsets were found to have a significant association with the risk of OSAHS:Basophil%CD33dim HLA DR-CD66b-(OR=1.03,95%CI=1.01-1.03,P<0.001);CD38 on IgD+CD24-B cell(OR=1.04,95%CI=1.02-1.04,P=0.019).CONCLUSION This study shows a strong link between immune cells and OSAHS through a gene approach,thus offering direction for potential future medical research.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome Immunity Causal inference MR analysis Sensitivity

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Multimodal Nature of the Single-cell Primate Brain Atlas:Morphology,Transcriptome,Electrophysiology,and Connectivity

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 517-532页

作者： Yuhui Shen Mingting Shao Zhao-Zhe Hao Mengyao huang Nana Xu sheng Liu State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou510060China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Guangzhou510080China

Primates exhibit complex brain structures that augment cognitive function.The neocortex fulfills high-cognitive functions through billions of connected neurons.These neurons have distinct transcriptomic,morphological,and electrophysiological properties,and their connectivity principles vary.These features endow the primate brain atlas with a multimodal nature.The recent integration of next-generation sequencing with modified patch-clamp techniques is revolutionizing the way to census the primate neocortex,enabling a multimodal neuronal atlas to be established in great detail:(1)single-cell/single-nucleus RNA-seq technology establishes high-throughput transcriptomic references,covering all major transcriptomic cell types;(2)patch-seq links the morphological and electrophysiological features to the transcriptomic reference;(3)multicell patch-clamp delineates the principles of local connectivity.Here,we review the applications of these technologies in the primate neocortex and discuss the current advances and tentative gaps for a comprehensive understanding of the primate neocortex.

关键词： Neuron Brain atlas Patch-seq Connectivity Primate

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2D DOA Estimation of Coherent Signals with a Separated Linear Acoustic Vector-Sensor Array

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 155-165页

作者： sheng Liu Jing Zhao Decheng Wu Yiwang huang Kaiwu Luo School of Data Science Tongren UniversityTongren 554300China School of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China

In this paper, a two-dimensional(2D) DOA estimation algorithm of coherent signals with a separated linear acoustic vector-sensor(AVS) array consisting of two sparse AVS arrays is proposed. Firstly,the partitioned spatial smoothing(PSS) technique is used to construct a block covariance matrix, so as to decorrelate the coherency of signals. Then a signal subspace can be obtained by singular value decomposition(SVD) of the covariance matrix. Using the signal subspace, two extended signal subspaces are constructed to compensate aperture loss caused by PSS.The elevation angles can be estimated by estimation of signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT) algorithm. At last, the estimated elevation angles can be used to estimate automatically paired azimuth angles. Compared with some other ESPRIT algorithms, the proposed algorithm shows higher estimation accuracy, which can be proved through the simulation results.

关键词： acoustic vector-sensor coherent signals extended signal subspace sparse array

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Intra-thyroid esophageal duplication cyst:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2231-2236页

作者： Hong-Guo Lin Ming Liu Xue-Yang huang Da-sheng Liu Department of Vascular Thyroid Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Esophageal cysts are relatively rare in clinical practice,with most of the literature comprising case reports.Esophageal cysts protruding into the thyroid gland are easily misdiagnosed as thyroid tumors.No such cases have been reported so far.CASE SUMMARY This article reports the case of a 31-year-old adult male diagnosed with thyroid nodules before admission.The patient underwent left thyroidectomy and isthmusectomy.During the surgery,esophageal cysts were identified in the esophageal muscle and thyroid glands.The pathology results confirmed a nodular goiter combined with esophageal cysts.Postoperatively,the patient developed a neck infection and underwent another operation and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for recovery.CONCLUSION We report the first clinical case of an esophageal cyst located within the thyroid gland that was successfully treated surgically.Esophageal cyst located within the thyroid gland cause difficulties in diagnosis.In the present study,the contents of the esophageal cysts were calcified foci,and a small amount of fluid mixture,which were easily misdiagnosed as thyroid nodules and misled the surgical methods.

关键词： Esophageal cysts Thyroid Diagnosed Surgery Case report

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Molecular mechanism for the unusual enhancement of the second-step chemiluminescence production from the carcinogenic tetrabromohydroquinone and H2O_(2)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 330-342页

作者： Zi-Han Wang Chun-Hua huang Zhi-sheng Liu Li Mao Ben-Zhan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Environment and Resources University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We have found recently that two-step intrinsic hydroxyl radical(·OH)-dependent chemiluminescence(CL)could be produced by carcinogenic tetrahaloquinone and H_(2)O_(2).However,the first-step CL was too fast to clearly detect the stepwise generation of·OH and CL,and to distinguish the exact dividing point between the first-step and second-step CL.Here we found that,extremely clear two-step intrinsic CL could be produced by the relative slow reaction of tetrabromohydroquinone(TBHQ)with H_(2)O_(2),which was directly dependent on the two-step·OH generation.Interestingly,the second-step,but not the first-step CL production of TBHQ/H_(2)O_(2)(CRET donor)was markedly enhanced by fluorescein(a typical xanthene dye,CRET acceptor)through a unique chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer(CRET)process.The novel CRET system of TBHQ/H_(2)O_(2)/fluorescein was successfully applied for the sensitive detection of TBHQ with the detection limit as low as 2.5μmol/L.These findings will help to develop more sensitive and highly efficient CL or CRET systems and specific CL sensor to detect the carcinogenic haloquinones,which may have broad environmental applications.

关键词： Two-step chemiluminescence Bromohydroquinone Hydrogen peroxide Hydroxyl radical CRET

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Identification and characterization of camptothecin tailoring enzymes in Nothapodytes tomentosa

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1158-1169页

作者： Yin Chen Jian-Ping huang Yong-Jiang Wang Meng-Ling Tu Junheng Li Bingyan Xu Guoqing Peng Jing Yang sheng-Xiong huang State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Camptothecin is a complex monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with remarkable antitumor activity. Given that two C-10 modified camptothecin derivatives,topotecan and irinotecan, have been approved as potent anticancer agents, there is a critical need for methods to access other aromatic ringfunctionalized congeners(e.g., C-9, C-10, etc.).However, contemporary methods for chemical oxidation are generally harsh and low-yielding when applied to the camptothecin scaffold, thereby limiting the development of modified derivatives. Reported herein, we have identified four tailoring enzymes responsible for C-9 modifications of camptothecin from Nothapodytes tomentosa, via metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis. These consist of a cytochrome P450(Nt CPT9H) which catalyzes the regioselective oxidation of camptothecin to 9-hydroxycamptothecin, as well as two methyltransferases(Nt OMT1/2, converting 9-hydroxycamptothecin to 9-methoxycamptothecin),and a uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase(Nt UGT5, decorating 9-hydroxycamptothecin to9-β-D-glucosyloxycamptothecin). Importantly, the critical residues that contribute to the specific catalytic activity of Nt CPT9H have been elucidated through molecular docking and mutagenesis experiments. This work provides a genetic basis for producing camptothecin derivatives through metabolic engineering. This will hasten the discovery of novel C-9 modified camptothecin derivatives,with profound implications for pharmaceutical manufacture.

关键词： camptothecin biosynthesis enzymatic assay Nothapodytes tomentosa tailoring enzyme transcriptomic analysis

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Trench gate GaN IGBT with controlled hole injection efficiency

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 10-16页

作者： huang Yi Li Yueyue Gao sheng Wang Qi Liu Bin Han Genquan School of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China School of Microelectronics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China

In this paper,a novel trench gate gallium nitride(GaN)insulated gate bipolar transistor(GaN IGBT),in which the collector is divided into multiple regions to control the hole injection efficiency,is designed and theoretically studied.The incorporation of a P+/P-multi-region alternating structure in the collector region mitigates hole injection within the collector region.When the device is in forward conduction,the conductivity modulation effect results in a reduced storage of carriers in the drift region.As a result,the number of carriers requiring extraction during device turn-off is minimized,leading to a faster turn-off speed.The results illustrate that the GaN IGBT with controlled hole injection efficiency(CEH GaN IGBT)exhibits markedly enhanced performance compared to conventional GaN IGBT,showing a remarkable 42.2%reduction in turn-off time and a notable 28.5%decrease in turn-off loss.

关键词： gallium nitride insulated gate bipolar transistor(GaN IGBT) hole injection trench gate turn-off loss

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Superjunction 4H-SiC trench-gate IGBT with an integrated clamping PN diode

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 3-9,27页

作者： huang Yi Wang Xuecheng Gao sheng Liu Bin Zhang Hongsheng Han Genquan School of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China School of Microelectronics Xidian UniversityXi'an 710126China

In this paper,a novel superjunction 4H-silicon carbide(4H-SiC)trench-gate insulated-gate bipolar transistor(IGBT)featuring an integrated clamping PN diode between the P-shield and emitter(TSD-IGBT)is designed and theoretically studied.The heavily doping superjunction layer contributes to a low specific on-resistance,excellent electric field distribution,and quasi-unipolar drift current.The anode of the clamping diode is in floating contact with the P-shield.In the on-state,the potential of the P-shield is raised to the turn-on voltage of the clamping diode,which prevents the hole extraction below the N-type carrier storage layer(NCSL).Additionally,during the turn-off transient,once the clamping diode is turned on,it also promotes an additional hole extraction path.Furthermore,the potential dropped at the semiconductor near the trench-gate oxide is effectively reduced in the off-state.

关键词： 4H-silicon carbide(4H-SiC) trench-gate superjunction clamping diode

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Metal-free Optical Pressure Sensor with High Sensitivity and Extensive Range

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1291-1300页

作者： Mao Ji Meng huang Haomin Lyu sheng Shi Bo Qi Chengrong Li State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China IEEE CSEE

Pressure monitoring of a transformer oil tank can grasp the pressure change process caused by gas production when severe internal defects occur and take timely measures to ensure the safe operation of the transformer.Existing pressure sensors generally use metal encapsulation or have an air cavity structure,threatening the transformer’s insulation if it is directly used inside the transformer.To this end,this paper proposes a method for developing a high-sensitivity,large-range,and metallizationfree optical pressure sensing device with temperature compensation.Fiber grating is encapsulated by fluorosilicone rubber and supplemented by an epoxy resin shielding shell on the outside.At the same time,a double-grating vertical arrangement is adopted to improve pressure measurement sensitivity,further avoiding the influence of temperature rise caused by a defect of the transformer on the measurement result of the sensor.In addition,by optimizing the geometric structure of the internal sensitizing element,pre-stretching length of the fiber grating,gap distance,and other parameters,probe size can be reduced while ensuring the sensor’s performance.Results show the proposed method can meet the requirements of sensor fabrication with different sensitivities and ranges,and to a certain extent,both high sensitivity and extensive ranges can be taken into account.The sensitivity of the fabricated prototype is 15 pm/kPa,and the range is about 0.2 MPa.At the same time,the metal-free feature of the sensor makes it suitable for use in various oil-immersed power equipment.It records oil pressure changes caused by oil discharge breakdown,making it sensitive to small pressure changes in early failures.

关键词： Highly sensitive extensive range optical sensing no metallization pressure perception temperature compensation transformer

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Chinese herbal medicine decreases incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in diabetes mellitus patients with regular insulin management

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 716-731页

作者： Hsiang-Chun Lai Ju-Chien Cheng Hei-Tung Yip Long-Bin Jeng sheng-Teng huang Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine School of Chinese MedicineCollege of Chinese MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404328TaiwanChina Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Management Office for Health Data China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404327TaiwanChina Organ Transplantation Center China Medical University HospitalTaichung 40447TaiwanChina Department of Chinese Medicine China Medical University HospitalSchool of Chinese MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 40447TaiwanChina

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while insulin is a potent mitogen.Identifying a new therapeutic modality for preventing insulin users from developing HCC is a critical goal for researchers.AIM To investigate whether regular herbal medicine use can decrease HCC risk in DM patients with regular insulin control.METHODS We used data acquired from the Taiwan,Chinaese National Health Insurance research database between 2000 and 2017.We identified patients with DM who were prescribed insulin for>3 months.The herb user group was further defined as patients prescribed herbal medication for DM for>3 months per annum during RESULTS We initially enrolled 657144 DM patients with regular insulin use from 2000 to 2017.Among these,46849 patients had used a herbal treatment for DM,and 140547 patients were included as the matched control group.The baseline variables were similar between the herb users and nonusers.DM patients with regular herb use had a 12%decreased risk of HCC compared with the control group[adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=0.88,95%CI=0.80–0.97].The cumulative incidence of HCC in the herb users was significantly lower than that of the nonusers.Patients with a herb use of>5 years cumulatively exhibited a protective effect against development of HCC(aHR=0.82,Phuang Qi)plus Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Dan Shen),and Astragalus propinquus(huang Qi)plus Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.(Tian Hua Fen)were the most frequent combination of single herbs.Meanwhile,Ji sheng Shen Qi Wan plus Dan Shen was the most frequent combination of herbs and formulas.CONCLUSION This large-scale retrospective cohort study reveals that herbal medicine may decrease HCC risk by 12%i

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Diabetes mellitus Insulin Herb Taiwan,Chinaese National health insurance research database

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