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An Arabidopsis vasculature distributed metal tolerance protein facilitates xylem magnesium diffusion to shoots under high-magnesium environments

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第1期64卷 166-182页

作者： Haiman Ge Yuan Wang Jinlin Chen Bin Zhang Rui Chen Wenzhi Lan sheng luan Lei Yang Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai 201602China Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia 94702USA

Magnesium(Mg^(2+)) is an essential metal for plant growth;however, its over-accumulation in cells can be cytotoxic. The metal tolerance protein family(MTP) belongs to an ubiquitous family of cation diffusion facilitator(CDF) proteins that export divalent metal cations for metal homeostasis and tolerance in all organisms. We describe here the identification of MTP10 to be critical for xylem Mg homeostasis in Arabidopsis under high Mg^(2+) conditions. The Arabidopsis plant contains 12 MTP genes, and only knockout of MTP10 decreased the tolerance of high-Mg stress. The functional complementation assays in a Mg^(2+)-uptake-deficient bacterial strain MM281 confirmed that MTP10 conducted Mg;transport.MTP10 is localized to the plasma membrane of parenchyma cells around the xylem. Reciprocal grafting analysis further demonstrated that MTP10 functions in the shoot to determine the shoot growth phenotypes under high Mg^(2+) conditions.Moreover, compared to the wild type, the mtp10 mutant accumulated more Mg^(2+) in xylem sap under high-Mg stress. This study reveals that MTP10 facilitates Mg^(2+) diffusion from the xylem to shoots and thus determines Mg homeostasis in shoot vascular tissues during high-Mg stress.

关键词： allocation Arabidopsis Mg^(2+)toxicity root-to-shoot translocation

Recess-free enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN RF HEMTs on Si substrate

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 81-86页

作者： Tiantian luan Sen Huang Guanjun Jing Jie Fan Haibo Yin Xinguo Gao sheng Zhang Ke Wei Yankui Li Qimeng Jiang Xinhua Wang Bin Hou Ling Yang Xiaohua Ma Xinyu Liu High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of SciencesBe i-jing 100029China School of integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Faculty of integrated Circuits Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

Enhancement-mode(E-mode)GaN-on-Si radio-frequency(RF)high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)were fabri-cated on an ultrathin-barrier(UTB)AlGaN(<6 nm)/GaN heterostructure featuring a naturally depleted 2-D electron gas(2DEG)channel.The fabricated E-mode HEMTs exhibit a relatively high threshold voltage(VTH)of+1.1 V with good uniformity.A maxi-mum current/power gain cut-off frequency(fT/fMAX)of 31.3/99.6 GHz with a power added efficiency(PAE)of 52.47%and an out-put power density(Pout)of 1.0 W/mm at 3.5 GHz were achieved on the fabricated E-mode HEMTs with 1-μm gate and Au-free ohmic contact.

关键词： AlGaN/GaN heterostructure ultrathin-barrier enhancement-mode radio-frequency power added efficiency silicon substrate

Nitrate transporter NRT1.1 and anion channel SLAH3 form a functional unit to regulate nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第4期64卷 942-957页

作者： Chengbin Xiao Doudou Sun Beibei Liu Xianming Fang Pengcheng Li Yao Jiang Mingming He Jia Li sheng luan Kai He Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450000China School of Life Sciences Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720CAUSA

Ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))are major inorganic nitrogen(N)sources for plants.When serving as the sole or dominant N supply,NH_(4)^(+)often causes root inhibition and shoot chlorosis in plants,known as ammonium toxicity.NO_(3)^(-) usually causes no toxicity and can mitigate ammonium toxicity even at low concentrations,referred to as nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity.Our previous studies indicated a NO_(3)^(-) efflux channel SLAH3 is involved in this process.However,whether additional components contribute to NO_(3)^(-)-mediated NH_(4)^(+)detoxification is unknown.Previously,mutations in NO_(3)^(-) transporter NRT1.1 were shown to cause enhanced resistance to high concentrations of NH_(4)^(+).Whereas,in this study,we found when the high-NH_(4)^(+) medium was supplemented with low concentrations of NO_(3)^(-),nrt1.1 mutant plants showed hyper-sensitive phenotype instead.Furthermore,mutation in NRT1.1 caused enhanced medium acidification under high-NH_(4)^(+)/Iow-NO_(3)^(-) condition,suggesting NRT1.1 regulates ammonium toxicity by facilitating H+uptake.Moreover,NRT1.1 was shown to interact with SLAH3 to form a transporter-channel complex.Interestingly,SLAH3 appeared to affect NO_(3)^(-) influx while NRT1.1 influenced NO_(3)^(-) efflux,suggesting NRT1.1 and SLAH3 regulate each other at protein and/or gene expression levels.Our study thus revealed NRT1.1 and SLAH3 form a functional unit to regulate nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity through regulating NO_(3)^(-) transport and balancing rhizosphere acidification.

关键词： ammonium toxicity nitrate rhizosphere acidification NRT1.1 SLAH3

FERONIA is involved in phototropin 1-mediated blue light phototropic growth in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第10期64卷 1901-1915页

作者： Chiyu Li Jia Chen Xiaoyan Li Xin Zhang Ying Liu Sirui Zhu Long Wang Heping Zheng sheng luan Jiada Li Feng Yu School of Life Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410078China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125China

Plant shoot phototropism is triggered by the formation of a light-driven auxin gradient leading to bending growth.The blue light receptor phototropin 1(phot1)senses light direction,but how this leads to auxin gradient formation and growth regulation remains poorly understood.Previous studies have suggested phot1’s role for regulated apoplastic acidification,but its relation to phototropin and hypocotyl phototropism is unclear.Herein,we show that blue light can cause phot1 to interact with and phosphorylate FERONIA(FER),a known cell growth regulator,and trigger downstream phototropic bending growth in Arabidopsis hypocotyls.fer mutants showed defects in phototropic growth,similar to phot1/2 mutant.FER also interacts with and phosphorylates phytochrome kinase substrates,the phot1 downstream substrates.The phot1-FER pathway acts upstream of apoplastic acidification and the auxin gradient formation in hypocotyl under lateral blue light,both of which are critical for phototropic bending growth in hypocotyls.Our study highlights a pivotal role of FER in the phot1-mediated phototropic cell growth regulation in plants.

关键词： blue light FERONIA H+and auxin gradience formation hypocotyl phototropin 1 phototropism

A New Wave of Hormone Research： Crosstalk Mechanisms

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 959-960页

作者： Xiaofeng Cui sheng luan Deputy Editor-in-Chief Molecular Plant Editor-in-Chief Molecular Plant

Phytohormones regulate numerous aspects of plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. At least seven groups of phytohormones have been well characterized, including abscisic acid （ABA）, auxin, brassinosteroid （BR）, cytokinin （CK）, ethylene, gibberellin （GA）, and jasmonate （JA）. Hormone research in the past dec- ades has focused on elucidating signal transduction pathways from hormone perception to response and such effort has been well paid off by recent discoveries of almost all recep- tors for major classes of plant hormones.

关键词： Hormone Research Mechanism

A Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Interactswith and Activates A Calcium Channel toRequlate Pollen Tube Growth

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Molecular Plant 2014年第2期7卷 369-376页

作者： Liming Zhou Wenzhi Lan Yuanqing Jiang Wei Fang sheng luan Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA College of Life Sciences Hebei United University Tangshan Hebei 063000 China NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

ABSTRACT Calcium, as a ubiquitous second messenger, plays essential roles in tip-growing cells, such as animal neu-rons, plant pollen tubes, and root hairs. However, little is known concerning the regulatory mechanisms that code anddecode Ca2＋ signals in plants. The evidence presented here indicates that a calcium-dependent protein kinase, CPK32,controls polar growth of pollen tubes. Overexpression of CPK32 disrupted the polar growth along with excessive Ca2＋accumulation in the tip. A search of downstream effector molecules for CPK32 led to identification of a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, CNGC18, as an interacting partner for CPK32. Co-expression of CPK32 and CNGC18 resulted in activationof CNGC18 in Xenopus oocytes where expression of CNGC18 alone did not exhibit significant calcium channel activity.Overexpression of CNGC18 produced a growth arrest phenotype coupled with accumulation of calcium in the tip, simi-lar to that induced by CPK32 overexpression. Co-expression of CPK32 and CNGC18 had a synergistic effect leading tomore severe depolarization of pollen tube growth. These results provide a potential feed-forward mechanism in whichcalcium-activated CPK32 activates CNGC18, further promoting calcium entry during the elevation phase of Ca2＋ oscilla-tions in the polar growth of pollen tubes.

关键词： pollen tubes calcium-dependent protein kinase cyclic nucleotide-gated channel Ca2+ oscillations

A Golgi-localized manganese transporter functions in pollen tube tip growth to control male fertility in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2021年第3期2卷 130-141页

作者： Bin Zhang Chi Zhang Congge Liu Aigen Fu sheng luan Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Manganese(Mn)serves as an essential cofactor for many enzymes in various compartments of a plant cell.Allocation of Mn among various organelles thus plays a central role in Mn homeostasis to support metabolic processes.We report the identification of a Golgi-localized Mn transporter(named PML3)that is essential for rapid cell elongation in young tissues such as emerging leaves and the pollen tube.In particular,the pollen tube defect in the pml3 loss-of-function mutant caused severe reduction in seed yield,a critical agronomic trait.Further analysis suggested that a loss of pectin deposition in the pollen tube might cause the pollen tube to burst and slow its elongation,leading to decreased male fertility.As the Golgi apparatus serves as the major hub for biosynthesis and modification of cell-wall components,PML3 may function in Mn homeostasis of this organelle,thereby controlling metabolic and/or trafficking processes required for pectin deposition in rapidly elongating cells.

关键词： manganese transport Golgi pollen tube cell wall

Diverse Transcriptional Programs Associated with Environmental Stress and Hormones in the Arabidopsis Receptor-Like Kinase Gene Family

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Molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 84-107页

作者： Lee Chae Sylvia Sudat Sandrine Dudoit Tong Zhu sheng luan Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Syngenta Biotechnology Inc. Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The genome ofArabidopsis thaliana encodes more than 600 receptor-like kinase （RLK） genes, by far the dominant class of receptors found in land plants. Although similar to the mammalian receptor tyrosine kinases, plant RLKs are serine/threonine kinases that represent a novel signaling innovation unique to plants and, consequently, an excellent opportunity to understand how extracellular signaling evolved and functions in plants as opposed to animals. RLKs are predicted to be major components of the signaling pathways that allow plants to respond to environmental and developmental conditions. However, breakthroughs in identifying these processes have been limited to only a handful of individual RLKs. Here, we used a Syngenta custom Arabidopsis GeneChip array to compile a detailed profile of the tran- scriptional activity of 604 receptor-like kinase genes after exposure to a cross-section of known signaling factors in plants, including abiotic stresses, biotic stresses, and hormones. In the 68 experiments comprising the study, we found that 582 of the 604 RLK genes displayed a two-fold or greater change in expression to at least one of 12 types of treatments, thereby providing a large body of experimental evidence for targeted functional screens of individual RLK genes. We investigated whether particular subfamilies of RLK genes are responsive to specific types of signals and found that each subfamily displayed broad ranges of expression, as opposed to being targeted towards particular signal classes. Finally, by analyzing the divergence of sequence and gene expression among the RLK subfamilies, we present evidence as to the functional basis for the expansion of the RLKs and how this expansion may have affected conservation and divergences in their function. Taken as a whole, our study represents a preliminary, working model of processes and interactions in which the members of the RLK gene family may be involved, where such information has remained elusive for so many of its members.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress hormone biology receptors transcriptome analysis disease responses Arabidopsis.

A DTX/MATE-Type Transporter Facilitates Abscisic Acid Efflux and Modulates ABA Sensitivity and Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第10期7卷 1522-1532页

作者： Haiwen Zhang Huifen Zhu Yajun Pan Yuexuan Yu sheng luan Legong Li College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Institute of Plant Molecular Biology School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Abscisic acid （ABA） regulates numerous physiological and developmental processes in plants. Recent studies identify intracellular ABA receptors, implicating the transport of ABA across cell membranes as crucial for ABA sensing and response. Here, we report that a DTX/Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion （MATE） family member in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtDTX50, functions as an ABA efflux transporter. When expressed heterologously in both an Escherichia coli strain and Xenopus oocyte cells, AtDTX50 was found to facilitate ABA efflux. Furthermore, dtx50 mutant mesophyll cells preloaded with ABA released less ABA compared with the wild-type （WT）. The AtDTX50 gene was expressed mainly in the vascular tissues and guard ceils and its expression was strongly up-regulated by exogenous ABA. The AtDTX50：：GFP fusion protein was localized predominantly to the plasma membrane. The dtx50 mutant plants were observed to be more sensitive to ABA in growth inhibition. In addition, compared with the WT, dtx50 mutant plants were more tolerant to drought with lower stomatal conductance, consistent with its function as an ABA efflux carrier in guard cells.

关键词： hormone biology molecular transport Arabidopsis.