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Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 22-31页

作者： Zhiyu Lei Hanghang Ma Xiaobo Zhang lin Yu Yihang Zhang Yutong li Suming Weng Min chen Jie Zhang Zhengming sheng Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Centre of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China College of Physics and Electronics Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is *** scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(16)W~cm^(2)in a near-critical-density *** deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical *** energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(20)W~cm^(2),enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high *** contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations,our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target ***,neutrons are generated directly inside the optical *** simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV,yield 10^(18)–10^(19)n/s,and total number 106–107 in a duration-400 fs can be obtained with a 25μm ***,the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions,predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting *** microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications,such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research.

关键词： acceleration scheme angular

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Next‑Generation Sequencing‑Based Copy Number Variation Analysis in Chinese Patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Revealed Novel DNAH5 Copy Number Variations

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Phenomics 2024年第1期4卷 24-33页

作者： Weicheng chen Zhuoyao Guo Mengru li Wei sheng Guoying Huang Cardiovascular Center Children’s Hospital of Fudan University399 Wanyuan RoadShanghai 201102China Respirology Department Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China

Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is a rare disorder characterized by extensive genetic ***,in the genetic pathogenesis of PCD,copy number variation(CNV)has not received sufcient attention and has rarely been reported,especially in ***-generation sequencing(NGS)followed by targeted CNV analysis was used in patients highly suspected to have PCD with negative results in routine whole-exome sequencing(WES)*** real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Sanger sequencing were used to confrm these *** further characterize the ciliary phenotypes,high-speed video microscopy analysis(HSVA),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and immunofuorescence(IF)analysis were *** 1(F1:II-1),a 0.6-year-old girl,came from a nonconsanguineous *** presented with situs inversus totalis,neonatal respiratory distress,and *** nasal nitric oxide level was markedly *** respiratory cilia beat with reduced *** revealed shortened outer dynein arms(ODA)of ***5:13717907-13722661del spanning exons 71–72 was identifed by NGS-based CNV *** 2(F2:IV-4),a 37-year-old man,and his eldest brother Patient 3(F2:IV-2)came from a consanguineous *** had sinusitis,bronchiectasis and situs inversus *** respiratory cilia of Patient 2 and Patient 3 were found to be uniformly immotile,with ODA *** novel homozygous deletions chr5:13720087_13733030delinsGTTTTC and chr5:13649539_13707643del,spanning exons 69–71 and exons 77–79 were identifed by NGS-based CNV *** in DNA copy number were confrmed by qPCR *** showed that the respiratory cilia of Patient 1 and Patient 2 were defcient in dynein axonemal heavy chain 5(DNAH5)protein *** report identifed three novel DNAH5 disease-associated variants by WES-based CNV *** study expands the genetic spectrum of PCD with DNAH5 in the Chinese population.

关键词： Primary ciliary dyskinesia DNAH5 gene Copy number variation Phenotypic heterogeneity

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Kinematics-aware multigraph attention network with residual learning for heterogeneous trajectory prediction

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第2期7卷 138-150页

作者： Zihao sheng Zilin Huang Sikai chen Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Trajectory prediction for heterogeneous traffic agents plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of automated driving in highly interactive traffic *** studies in this area have focused on physicsbased approaches because they can clearly interpret the dynamic evolution of ***,physics-based methods often suffer from limited *** learning-based methods have demonstrated better performance,but they cannot be fully trusted due to the insufficient incorporation of physical *** mitigate the limitations of purely physics-based and learning-based approaches,this study proposes a kinematics-aware multigraph attention network(KAMGAT)that incorporates physics models into a deep learning framework to improve the learning process of neural ***,we propose a residual prediction module to further refine the trajectory predictions and address the limitations arising from simplified assumptions in kinematic *** evaluate our proposed model through experiments on two challenging trajectory datasets,namely,ApolloScape and *** findings from the experiments demonstrate that our model outperforms various kinematics-agnostic models with respect to prediction accuracy and learning efficiency.

关键词： trajectory prediction physics-informed deep learning multigraph attention residual learning automated driving

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A novel preimplantation genetic testing strategy for a subtelomeric genetic disorder:A case study

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 13-15页

作者： Songchang chen li Wanng Luting chen Weihui Shi Junyu Zhang Yuting Hu Yinyu Wang li Jin Jianzhong sheng Feng Zhang Yanting Wu Hefeng Huang chenming Xu Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Institute of Reproduction and DevelopmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200090China The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics(Ministry of Education) Department of Reproductive EndocrinologyWomen's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases Shanghai 200030China Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China

Preimplantation genetic testing(PGT)is a precise and effective technique for detecting inherited pathogenic mutations to prevent birth ***,there are few reports on PGT for pseudo-autosomal genetic diseases.

关键词： implantation testing precise

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Theoretical Analysis of Cooperative Driving at Idealized Unsignalized Intersections

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 257-270页

作者： Shen li Jiawei Zhang Zhenwu chen li li Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China

Cooperative driving is widely viewed as a promising method to better utilize limited road resources and alleviate traffic *** recent years,several cooperative driving approaches for idealized traffic scenarios(i.e.,uniform vehicle arrivals,lengths,and speeds)have been ***,theoretical analyses and comparisons of these approaches are *** this study,we propose a unified group-by-group zipper-style movement model to describe different approaches synthetically and evaluate their *** derive the maximum throughput for cooperative driving plans of idealized unsignalized intersections and discuss how to minimize the delay of *** obtained conclusions shed light on future cooperative driving studies.

关键词： cooperative driving connected and automated vehicles unsignalized intersection

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Theoretical Exploration of Alloying Effects on Stabilities and Mechanical Properties ofγʹPhase in Novel Co–Al–Nb-Base Superalloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1238-1248页

作者： Guan-cheng Gu Zhao-Jing Han Ze-Yu chen Zhao-Xuan li sheng-Bao Xia Zheng-Ning li Hua Jin Wei-Wei Xu Xing-Jun liu Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University School of Aerospace EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Institute of Materials Genome and Big Data Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

The new developedγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base alloys show great potentials as high-temperature ***,finding appropriate compositions to improve performance of alloys still poses a great challenge to the development of Co–Al–Nb-base *** by the lack of alloying effects on fundamental properties of criticalγʹphase,we systematically performed a theoretical investigation on the effect of alloying elements TM(TM:Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Mo,Ta,W,Re,and Ru)on phase stabilities and mechanical properties of L1_(2)-typeγʹ(Co,Ni)_(3)(Al,Nb).By analyzing the stability ofγʹphase with respect to its competitive B2 and D0_(19) phases,the results shown that Ti,V,and Cr enhance the L1_(2) stability and widen the L1_(2)–D0_(19) energy barrier,in which V yields the maximum *** analysis of electronic structure indicated that the alternation of valence electrons at fermi level would be the atomic origin for doping TM inγʹ*** calculated results of mechanical properties shown that V and Cr are expected to be optimal dopant for enhancing the strength and the ductility ofγʹ*** addition of Ta is also beneficial for enhancing the strength at the slight expense of ductility ofγʹ*** drawing the mechanical maps,the preferred composition range for the phases with desired properties is roughly demarcated in theory for the multi-addition of V/Cr and V/Ta inγʹ*** findings would be useful for optimizing the performance of novelγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base superalloys.

关键词： Co-Al-Nb-base superalloys γ/γʹdual-phase Phase stability Mechanical properties First-principle methods

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Exploration of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory peptides from walnut dreg proteins based on in silico and in vitro analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1636-1644页

作者： Zishan Hong Jing Xie liang Tao Jing-Jing Dai Tingting li li Zhang Yuying Bai Xia Hu Jinlian chen Jun sheng Yang Tian College of Food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Personalized Food Manufacturing Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources Ministry of EducationYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China School of Tea and Coffee Pu’er UniversityPu’er 665000China Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science Ministry of EducationYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

Walnut dreg protein hydrolysates(WDPHs)exhibit a variety of biological activities,however,the cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)inhibitory peptide of WDPHs remain *** aim of this study was to rapidly screen for such peptides in WDPHs through a combination of in silico and in vitro *** total,1262 peptide sequences were observed by nano liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry(nano LC-MS/MS)and 4 novel COX-2 inhibitory peptides(AGFP,FPGA,LFPD,and VGFP)were *** kinetic data indicated that AGFP,FPGA,and LFPD displayed mixed-type COX-2 inhibition,whereas VGFP was a non-competitive *** is mainly because the peptides form hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with residues in the COX-2 active *** results demonstrate that computer analysis combined with in vitro evaluation allows for rapid screening of COX-2 inhibitory peptides in walnut protein dregs.

关键词： Walnut dreg proteins Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory peptide Identification Virtual screening Molecular docking

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Psychological Status and Warfarin Therapy in Patients after Valve Replacement during the COVID-19 Pandemic:A Cross-sectional Study

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 686-691页

作者： Xiao-yan chen sheng HE Zhen TAN Feng GAO Hui JIANG Lu chen li YANG Yu-shan liU Si-yi HE Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengdu610083China Department of Digestive Medicine The General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengdu610083China Department of General Surgery The General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengdu610083China

Objective The standardization of warfarin anticoagulant therapy is the key to lifelong treatment for patients after heart valve *** present study explored the possible risk factors for anxiety and depression during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and analyzed the influence of psychological state on medication *** Eligible patients received a web-based questionnaire survey via the Wenjuanxing platform during outpatient *** was evaluated by the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS).Anxiety was evaluated by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Medication adherence was evaluated by the Morisky *** A total of 309 patients(aged 52.2±11.4 years)were included in the present *** SDS score of all included patients was 36.9±9.4 points,of which 11(3.6%)patients were diagnosed as having *** SAS score of all included patients was 43.1±9.3 points,of which 71(23%)patients were diagnosed as having *** patients(2.3%)had both anxiety and *** regression analysis revealed that only monthly income was an independent influencing factor for *** anxiety,patients who underwent repeated operations had a 2.264-fold greater risk,and patients who received combination medication had a 2.140-fold greater *** bleeding events and coagulation disorders could be observed in patients with anxiety,depression or *** anxiety occurred,patients showed worse medication ***,depression had no significant effect on medication *** During the COVID-19 pandemic,the detection rate of mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression was high,which seriously affected the medication safety of *** of its influencing factors will provide a reference for further standardized regulation of warfarin anticoagulant therapy after valve replacement.

关键词： Warfarin COVID-19 valve replacement depression anxiety

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Intra-arterial tenecteplase during thrombectomy for acute stroke(BRETIS-TNK II):rationale and design

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 59-65页

作者： Zi-Ai Zhao Jing Qiu Wei li Thanh Nguyen Shouchun Wang Huaizhang Shi Ming Wei Feng Wang Di li Hui-sheng chen Department of Neurology General Hospital of Northern Theater CommandShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Neurology RadiologyBoston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina Department of Neurosurgery Tianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjinTianjinChina Department of Interventional Therapy First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Neurological Intervention Department Dalian Municipal Central HospitalDalianLiaoningChina

Background Our recent pilot study suggests intra-arterial tenecteplase(TNK)during the first pass of endovascular treatment(EVT)seems safe,may increase first-pass reperfusion and good outcome in acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)patients with large-vessel occlusion(LVO).Aims To determine the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial TNK administration during EVT in AIS-LVO patients presenting up to 24 hours from symptom *** size estimates A maximum of 380 patients are required to test the superiority hypothesis with 80%power according to a two-side 0.05 level of significance,stratified by age,gender,baseline systolic blood pressure,prestroke modified Rankin Scale(mRS),baseline National Institute of Health stroke scale,baseline ASPECTS,time from onset to groin puncture,intravenous thrombolysis before EVT,stroke territory and stroke *** Intra-arterial TNK during thrombectomy for acute stroke(BRETIS-TNK II)study is a prospective,randomised,adaptive enrichment,open-label,blinded end point,multicentre *** AIS-LVO patients are randomly assigned into the experimental group and control group with a ratio of 1:*** experimental group will be treated with intra-arterial infusion of TNK during *** control group will be treated with standard *** The primary end point is a favourable outcome,defined as an mRS score of 0–2 at 90 *** primary safety end point is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 48 hours,which is defined as an increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of≥4 points as a result of the intracranial *** The results of BRETIS-TNK II will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial TNK administration during EVT in AIS patients with LVO.

关键词： rational stratified TNK

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Atomistic study of inverse size effect induced by interfacial plasticity in pearlitic multi-principal element alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3341-3355页

作者： chen Yang Qiao-sheng Xia Cun-Hong Yin Dong-Peng Hua College of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Owing to the fine nano-laminated structure,the pearlitic multi-principal element alloy(PMPEA) exhibits excellent mechanical and tribological ***,the incomplete understanding of the size effect of its lamella thickness and the unclear understanding of the plasticity-interface interaction mechanism limit further optimization of *** this study,the FeCoNi/Ni_3Ti interface-mediated plastic deformation behavior in PMPEA and the variation of mechanical and tribological properties with lamella thickness within the nanoscale range using molecular dynamics(MD) simulation were *** results indicate that the mechanical and tribological properties of the PMPEA with lamella thicknesses below 10 nm have a significant inverse size effect,i.e.,the smaller the lamella thickness,the weaker the *** is because the plastic carrier-interface interaction mechanism changes from a strengthening mechanism that hinders dislocations to a weakening mechanism that promotes dislocations with the decreases in the lamella thickness,and the weakening effect becomes more pronounced as the lamella thickness decreases and the number of interfaces *** particular,the deformation behavior of Ni_3Ti lamellae changes from crystal-like to amorphous-like with decreasing ***,in the sample with larger lamella thickness,the occurrence of hierarchical slips in the body-centered cubic(BCC) phase due to the multiprincipal elements effect can better alleviate the stress concentration caused by the dislocation accumulation at the interface,so that the phase interface exhibits outstanding load-bearing *** the dislocation pattern in BCC phase shows a firm high-density cell,which makes the substrate exhibit a stable tribological response.

关键词： Multi-principal element alloy Nano-laminated structure Molecular dynamics simulation Nanoindentation and nanoscratch

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