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Material development for a sustainable precast concrete block pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation engineering(english Edition) 2016年第5期3卷 483-491页

作者： R.Bharathi Murugan C.Natarajan shen-en chen Department of Civil engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli 620015India Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

Portland cement concrete （PCC） and asphalt concrete （AC） are the most common roadway and highway construction materials which are more suitable for continuous slab pave- ments. The durability of these materials is highly dependent on construction quality and techniques, and both materials are difficult to repair. Heavy rain storms in India have recently revealed several roadway pavement failures and resulted in significant repair costs. Interlocking block type pavements are simpler to construct and maintain than both PCC and AC pavements but, have only been used for slower traffic roads due to weak interlocking at the joints. To improve the quality of block pavements, blocks made of PCC with waste tire crumb rubber partially replacing river sand （fine aggregate） are suggested. The joint interlocks can be further improved by modifying the block geometry. The material is completely recycled and is deemed more superior than concrete pavements when repair and construction techniques and costs are concerned. This paper presents the material characterization of Rubberized Concrete Blocks （RCBs） using crumb rubber particle size ranging from 0.075 mm to 4.75 mm to partially replace the fine aggregates. It also discusses the advantages of RCB over continuous material pavements.

关键词： Rubberized concrete Crumb rubber Damage mechanism Material characterization Impact energy

A distributed measurement method for in-situ soil moisture content by using carbon-fiber heated cable

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2015年第6期7卷 700-707页

作者： Dingfeng Cao Bin Shi Honghu Zhu Guangqing Wei shen-en chen Junfan Yan School of Earth Sciences and engineering Nanjing University Suzhou NanZee Sensing Technology Co. Ltd. Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte

Moisture content is a fundamental physical index that quantifies soil property and is closely associatedwith the hydrological, ecological and engineering behaviors of soil. To measure in-situ soil moisturecontents, a distributed measurement system for in-situ soil moisture content （SM-DTS） is *** system is based on carbon-fiber heated cable （CFHC） technology that has been developed to enhancethe measuring accuracy of in-situ soil moisture content. Using CFHC technique, a temperature characteristicvalue （Tt） can be defined from temperatureetime curves. A relationship among Tt, soil thermalimpedance coefficient and soil moisture content is then established in laboratory. The feasibility of theSM-DTS technology to provide distributed measurements of in-situ soil moisture content is verifiedthrough field tests. The research reported herein indicates that the proposed SM-DTS is capable ofmeasuring in-situ soil moisture content over long distances and large areas.

关键词： In-situ soil moisture content Distributed measurement Carbon-fiber heated cable (CFHC) Fiber-optic sensing

3D Simulation of Battery Fire on a Large Steel Frame Structure due to Depleted Battery Piles

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Journal of Architectural environment & Structural engineering Research 2022年第3期5卷 34-51页

作者： Nicole Braxtan Jorge Nunez shen-en chen Tiefu Zhao Lynn Harris Dave Cook Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223US Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223US Deutsche Bahn RaleighNCUS Rail Propulsion Systems FullertonCAUS

Lithium ion batteries(LIB)can rupture and result in thermal runaway and battery *** the process of transporting lithium ion batteries using trains,the massive collection of batteries can cause train fire and pose significant danger to the *** is especially critical when the fire occurs amid a heavily populated metropolitan *** paper reports the 3D analysis of a warehouse with possible train fire due to LIB rupture and the fire propagation at a rail *** critical fire cases with the battery train in close vicinity to the warehouse were *** six fire cases are the worst-case scenarios of a Monte Carlo simulation of different fire cases that may occur to an actual steel storage facility at the Capital Railyard,Raleigh,North Carolina.A 3D finite element(FE)frame model was constructed for the steel warehouse and the most critical fire cases were *** results indicated that several structural components of the warehouse would experience large stresses and deflections during the simulated battery fires and resulting in instability to the ***,members of the roof frame represent the most critical elements and that the members can result in large deformations as early as 4 minutes after the fire ***,effective utilization of fire protection can delay somewhat the fire effects and extend time to failure to 45 minutes and in one of the simulated cases,prevent structural ***,fire from LIB waste transport using train is a very realistic problem due to the thermal runaway,and the analysis performed in current study can be used as a preventive investigation technique for buildings that may be exposed to the train fire risk.

关键词： Lithium ion battery Train fire Propagation Structural safety

Battery Train Fire Risk on a Steel Warehouse Structure

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Journal of Architectural environment & Structural engineering Research 2021年第3期4卷 9-19页

作者： Jasmine Mira Nicole Braxtan shen-en chen Tiefu Zhao Lynn Harris Dave Cook Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Deutsche Bahn engineering RaleighNC 27601USA Rail Propulsion Systems FullertonCA 92831USA

Lithium ion battery fire hazard has been well-documented in a variety of ***,battery train technology has been introduced as a clean energy concept for *** the case of heavy locomotives such as trains,the massive collection of battery stacks required to meet energy demands may pose a significant *** objective of this paper is to review the risk evaluation processes for train fires and investigate the propagation of lithium ion battery fire to a neighboring steel warehouse structure at a rail repair shop through a case *** methodology of the analyses conducted include a Monte Carlo-based dynamic modeling of fire propagation potentials,an expert-based fire impact analysis,and a finite element(FE)nonlinear fire analysis on the structural *** case study is presented as a demonstration of a holistic fire risk analysis for the lithium ion battery fire and results indicate that significant battery fire mitigations strategies should be considered.

关键词： Lithium ion battery Train fire Propagation Structural safety

Ru doping triggering reconstruction of cobalt phosphide for coupling glycerol electrooxidation with seawater electrolysis

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 317-326页

作者： Binglu Deng Jie shen Jinxing Lu Chuqiang Huang Zhuoyuan chen Feng Peng Yunpeng Liu School of Materials Science and Hydrogen energy Foshan University School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Guangzhou University Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen energy Technologies

Seawater electrolysis is a promising approach for sustainable energy without relying on precious ***,the large-scale seawater electrolysis is hindered by low catalytic efficiency and severe anode corrosion caused by the harmful *** contrast to the oxygen evolution reaction （OER）and chlorin ion oxidation reaction （ClOR）,glycerol oxidation reaction （GOR） is more thermodynamically and kinetically favorable ***,a Ru doping cobalt phosphide （Ru-CoP2） is proposed as a robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for seawater electrolysis and GOR,for the concurrent productions of hydrogen and value-added *** in situ and ex situ characterization analyses demonstrated that Ru doping featured in the dynamic reconstruction process from Ru-CoP2to Ru-CoOOH,accounting for the superior GOR *** coupling GOR with hydrogen evolution was realized by employing Ru-CoP2as both anode and cathode,requiring only a low voltage of 1.43 V at 100 mA cm-2,which was 250 m V lower than that in alkaline *** work guides the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts for energy-efficient seawater electrolysis coupled with biomass resource upcycling.

关键词： Glycerol electrooxidation Hydrogen evolution Ru doping Cobalt phosphide Bifunctional electrocatalysts

符合国际工程专业认证要求的课程档案编制方法研究--以建筑结构抗震课程为例

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高等建筑教育 2017年第6期26卷 92-98页

作者：戴靠山李卉颖孟家瑶 shen-en chen 同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of North CarolinaCharlotteNCUSA 28223

全球化发展对中国土木工程专业与国际接轨提出了新要求,开展国际专业认证是一种以评促建的重要措施。文章简要介绍了中国土木工程专业国际认证现状以及美国工程技术认证委员会(ABET)的专业认证要求。对参加ABET专业认证所需材料之一的... 详细信息

全球化发展对中国土木工程专业与国际接轨提出了新要求,开展国际专业认证是一种以评促建的重要措施。文章简要介绍了中国土木工程专业国际认证现状以及美国工程技术认证委员会(ABET)的专业认证要求。对参加ABET专业认证所需材料之一的课程档案编制进行研究,阐述了ABET专业认证课程档案的编制要求,并提出了相关编制建议。以同济大学土木工程学院开设的建筑结构抗震课程为例,对基于ABET认证的课程档案编制进行了进一步阐释。

关键词：土木工程 ABET认证课程档案编制建筑结构抗震课

Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand C–N bonds coupling performance in NO3- integrated CO2 reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual Cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang Zhou chen shen Zhenghao Wu Xingying Lan Yi Xiao College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Institute of Materials Science TU Darmstadt Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo

Dual atomic catalysts （DAC）,particularly copper （Cu2）-based nitrogen （N） doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert CO2and nitrate （NO3-） into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves C–C and C–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of Cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR）.To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating explicit solvation based on a Cu2-based N-doped carbon (Cu2N6C10) catalyst for *** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of CO2,the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions （F-,Cl-,Br-,and I-） and cations (Na+,Mg2+,K+,and Ca2+) leads to electron transfer towards the Cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of *** results reveal that*CO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated ***,the Cu2-based N-doped carbon catalyst examined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for C–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*CO and NH2OH for urea synthesis,*NO3-is reduced to*NH3,and*CO2to*CCO at dual Cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH3and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg2+ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,except when F-and Ca2+were ***,the mechanisms of C–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusting the micro-environment can change the dominant side reaction,shift

关键词： pH-dependent micro-environments C–N coupling Dual Cu-based nitrogen carbon catalysts Explicit solvation model Ion stabilizer AIMD

Morphology engineering of ZnO micro/nanostructures under mild conditions for optoelectronic application

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 498-503页

作者： Liang Chu Haoyu shen Hudie Wei Hongyu chen Guoqiang Ma Wensheng Yan Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New energy&School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020China

Zinc oxide(ZnO)serves as a crucial functional semiconductor with a wide direct bandgap of approximately 3.37 *** reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of ZnO micro/nanostructures,given its low cost,simplicity,and easy ***,ZnO morphology engineering has become desirable through the alteration of minor conditions in the reaction process,particularly at room *** this work,ZnO micro/nanostructures were synthesized in a solution by varying the amounts of the ammonia added at low temperatures(including room temperature).The formation of Zn^(2+)complexes by ammonia in the precursor regulated the reaction rate of the morphology engineering of ZnO,which resulted in various structures,such as nanoparticles,nanosheets,microflowers,and single ***,the obtained ZnO was used in the optoelectronic application of ultraviolet detectors.

关键词： morphology engineering low temperature ZnO nanosheets microflowers ultraviolet detector

From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu Jun shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang chen Ding Zhang Tao Wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added