检索结果-南通市图书馆

Screening of Rodents from Rural Communities of Lagos and Ogun State Nigeria of Lassa Virus RNA

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 120-130页

作者： Fatai Sarafa Emmanuel Tochukwu Onyeje Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu Olumuyiwa Babalola Salu Rosemary Ajuma audu Sunday Aremu Omilabu Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology Central Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Background: In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of Lassa fever cases resulting from the several episodes of Lassa fever epidemics ravaging Nigeria and other West African countries. The presence of Lassa virus in rodents other than the major reservoir (Mastomys natalensis) has been a public health concern as to the actual burden of the disease. It is therefore of a public health necessity to explore the LASV RNA habouring potential of several species of rodents in endemic as well as non-endemic areas for proper prevention of emergence of outbreaks in non-endemic areas. Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of LASV RNA in different species of rodents in Ikorodu, Lagos state and Abeokuta, Ogun state. Methods: A total of ninety one (91) rodents were captured from Ikorodu, Lagos State (61 rodents) and Abeokuta, Ogun State (30 rodents), euthanized, bled, and plasma obtained for the detection of LASV RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: A total of 91 rodents consisting of 77 Rattus rattus and 14 Crocidura spp. The S segment of LASV RNA was not in any of the 91 rodents’ plasma samples. Conclusion: The rodents captured within the rural communities of Ikorodu, Lagos State and Abeokuta, Ogun State were found not to habour the LASV RNA. This study is limited by the relatively small sample size. Similar studies should be encouraged both in endemic and non-endemic areas in order to understand the actual burden of Lassa fever as well as put into check future epidemics.

关键词： Lassa Virus Lassa Fever Mastomys natalensis Transmission Lagos State Ogun State

Feasibility Study of Assist-Linked Brief Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in a Rural Community of Plateau State, Nigeria

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 206-222页

作者： Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka audu Moses David Sambo Jacob Dusu Mafai Danboyi Kwei Dakwak Samuel Joseph Ndak Andarawus Zuhumnan Babatunde Stephen Psychiatry Department Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Psychology Department Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Psychology Department University of Jos Jos Nigeria Plateau State Hospital Management Board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: We studied the feasibility of using Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked with Brief Intervention (ALBI) in treating Substance Use Disorder in Nigeria. There is a clear gap in meeting the needs for treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in Nigeria with many users reporting a self-perceived need for treatment and about 40% of them wanting to receive drug treatment but were unable to access such services. Methods: ASSIST questionnaire was used to gather baseline data, and ALBI along with Motivational Interviewing (MI) was used to intervene for 6 weeks following which ASSIST score was repeated and compared with baseline. Results: Majority of the participants were aged 21 - 30 years, mostly males with (61.3%) lacking steady jobs. Lifetime prevalence of any drug use was (88.2%). Three months prevalence was nicotine (72.0%), alcohol (66.7%), cannabis (47.3%), opioids (11.8%) among others. The ASSIST scores were mostly on the severe ranges. ASSIST result after six weeks showed marked reduction. The Mean Difference (MD) in the ASSIST scores after intervention was significant for tobacco, opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. The Cohen’s D effect size was large for tobacco (1.08), alcohol (0.92) and cannabis (0.73) but low for other substances. Conclusion: ALBI along with MI was helpful in combating the menace of substance use.

关键词： ASSIST ALBI SUD Rural Community Nigeria

Development,evaluation,and optimization of an automated device for quality detection and separation of cowpea seeds

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2021年第1期5卷 240-251页

作者： J.audu A.K.Aremu Department of Agricultural&Environmental Engineering University of AgricultureMakurdiNigeria Department of Agricultural&Environmental Engineering University of IbadanNigeria

Automation and Artificial intelligence has been used to solve theworld’'smost complex *** goal of this study is to develop,evaluate and optimize cowpea seeds quality detection and separating device to meet international export *** design of the device was divided into metering,automation,and conveyor belt outlet *** evaluation was done using samples made up of good and bad(impurity)*** surface methodologywas used to evaluate,model and optimize the device *** optimized resultswere validated using regression and prediction interval(PI)analysis *** separating efficiency,throughput,maximum capacity,and actual utilization obtained;range from 68.966‐–94.118%,0.5––3 kg/hr,6–36 kg/12 h,0.083–0.083(8.3%)*** evaluating parameters were significantly affected by the operational factors at P<*** obtained are 92%,2.689 kg/h,32.781 kg/12 h for impurity separating:efficiency,throughput,and maximum capacity *** prediction interval test shows that the validation experimental mean result lies within calculated prediction *** analysis shows a 0.9(90%)coefficient of determination between themodel predictions and the validation experimental *** developed device was recommended to always operate at a metering speed of 20 rpm for optimum performance.

关键词： Cowpea Development Automation Optimization Artificial Intelligence

Strategies to Build Trust and COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence and Engagement among Minority Groups in Scotland

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 890-902页

作者： Josephine Adekola Denis Fischbacher-Smith Thelma Okey-Adibe Jamila audu Adam Smith Business School University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Glasgow School of Business and Society Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow G40BAUK

As countries continue to deal with the global COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, policymakers recognize that science, technology, and innovation(STI) practices offer a means of addressing many of the health problems that arise from the ongoing pandemic. Such recognition has given rise to many STI policy initiatives across various areas of science and policy, leading to a better understanding of coronavirus and the development of COVID-19 vaccines,treatments, and diagnostics. However, the practical implementation of vaccine and treatment strategies within local communities extends well beyond the laboratory. This study explored how misinformation and trust amplify or attenuate coronavirus and COVID-19 vaccine perceptions of those from ethnic minority groups deemed more susceptible to the impacts of the virus. Primary data in this study were collected in Scotland through semistructured interviews with 26 expert and nonexpert members from Scotland’s minority ethnic communities. The study findings show that risk perception is fluid and dependent on the information and evidential environment in which people find themselves. Misinformation, fake news, conspiracies, and trust or distrust(from prior experiences and historic practices) influence the perception of coronavirus and how risk messages are received, including the acceptance of coronavirus *** article reflects on Scotland’s approach to building trust and COVID-19 vaccine confidence and engagement based on the findings of this study, identifying areas of strength and areas for further improvement or research. The authors believe, as shown by our research, that vaccine engagement will be more impactful if developed by and with the public,and reflects public values, concerns, and priorities.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccine engagement Trust building Minority group engagement Science innovation Scotland

Formulation and evaluation the bioadhesive properties of drug delivery system based on PEGylated mucin matrices

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第6期3卷 461-464页

作者： Momohmumuni audu Adikwu Michael Umale Ibezim Emmanuel Chinnedu Department of Pharmaceutics University of Nigeria NsukkaEnugu StateNigeria

Objective:To formulate and evaluate the application of PEGylated mucin in oral bioadhesive drug(OBD) delivery ***:The bioadhesive strength of different formulation ratios of polyethylene glycol(PEG) and mucin was evaluated by *** polymer matrices containing mucin and PEG(PEGylated mucin) in the following ratios of 1:1(A),2:1(B),1:2(C), 0:1(D) and 1:0(E) were prepared by *** were prepared from the matrices using a size reduction *** different samples were prepared using direct mixtures in the appropriate solvenfs having mucin and PEG ratios of 1:1,2:1,1:2,0:1, 1:0 and labeled as(A-E).The matrices were evaluated for their flow properties and the in vitro bioadhesion characteristics of the samples were ***:The range of flow rates of the matrices was 1.35-2.23 g/*** angle of repose was in the range of 37.3-39.9 *** bulk and tapped densities were within the ranges of 0.41- *** Hausner’s quotient(HQ) were 1.12, 1.24,1.14,1.25 and 1.2 for matrix batches A-E respectively,The bioadhesive strength of polymer matrices appeared to be directly related to amount of *** order of bioadhesive strength is 2:1>1:1>1:0>1:2>0:1 of PEG:mucin in both simulated intestine fluid(SEP) and simulated gastrointestinal fluid(SGF).The physical properties of the micrometrics properties of the matrices were within the accepted ***:OBD preparation containing PEGylated mucin can be prepared by direct compression and be used in drug delivery to the oral cavity.

关键词： PEGylated Mucus Delivery Matrices

Phospholipon 90H(P90H)-based PEGylated microscopic lipospheres delivery system for gentamicin:an antibiotic evaluation

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第11期2卷 889-894页

作者： Mumuni audu Momoh Charles Okechukwu Esimone Drug Delivery Research Unit Department of PharmaceuticsFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and BiotechnologyNnamdi Azikiwe University Awka

Objective:To formulate gentamicin liposphere by solvent-melting method using lipids and polyethylene glycol 4000(PEG-4000) for oral ***:Gentamicin lipospheres were prepared by melt-emulsification using 30%w/w Phospholipon(?) 90H in Beeswax as the lipid matrix containing *** lipospheres were characterized by evaluating on encapsulation efficiency,loading capacity,change in pH and the release profile. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated against Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Salmonella paratyphii and Staphylococcus aureus using the agar diffusion ***: Photomicrographs revealed spherical particles within a micrometer range with minimal growth after 1 *** release of gentamicin in vitro varied widely with the PEC-4000 contents. Moreover,significant(P>0.05) amount of gentamicin was released in vivo from the formulation. The encapsulation and loading capacity were all high,indicating the ability of the lipids to take up the *** antimicrobial activities were very high especially against Pseudomonas compare to other test *** strongly suggested that the formulation retain its bioactive ***:This study strongly suggest that the issue of gentamicin stability and poor absorption in oral formulation could be adequately addressed by tactical engineering of lipid drug delivery systems such as lipospheres.

关键词： Gentamicin Polyethylene glycol Lipospheres Drug release

Depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Jos,Nigeria

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7844-7847页

作者： Nimzing G Ladep Taiwo J Obindo Moses D audu Edith N Okeke Abraham O Malu Department of Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Nigeria Department of Psychiatry Fac-ulty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Nigeria

AIM: To study the brain-gut interaction and the effect of behavioral or psychiatric conditions on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in an African population. METHODS: IBS was diagnosed using the Rome Ⅱ diagnostic criteria. The entry of each patient was confirmed following detailed explanations of the questions. Four hundred and eighteen patients were studied. Subjects satisfying the Rome Ⅱ criteria for IBS were physically examined and stool microscopy was done to identify the presence of “alarm factors”. Depression was diagnosed using the symptom-check list adapted from the Research Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-Ⅳ) of the American Psychiatric Association. RESULTS: Seventy-five (56.8%) of the 132 IBS patients were depressed whereas only 54 (20.1%) of the 268 non-IBS patients were depressed. There was a significant relationship between IBS and depression (χ2 = 54.29, Odds ratio = 5.21, 56.8 ± 8.4 vs 20.1 ± 5.2, P = 0.001). Even though constipation predominant IBS patients were more likely to be depressed, no significant relationship was found between the subtype of IBS and depression (χ2 = 0.02, OR = 0.95, P = 0.68). CONCLUSION: IBS is significantly associated with major depression but not gender and bowel subtypes of the patients. Patients with IBS need to be evaluated for depression due to the highly significant relationship between the two conditions.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Depression Nigeria Africa

On Some Embedment of Groups into Wreath Products

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第2期11卷 109-120页

作者： Enoch Suleiman Muhammed Salihu audu Department of Mathematics Federal University Gashua Yobe State Nigeria Department of Mathematics University of Jos Jos Nigeria

In this paper, we showed how groups are embedded into wreath products, we gave a simpler proof of the theorem by audu (1991) (see [1]), also proved that a group can be embedded into the wreath product of a factor group by a normal subgroup and also proved that a factor group can be embedded inside a wreath product and the wreath product of a factor group by a factor group can be embedded into a group. We further showed that when the abstract group in the Universal Embedding Theorem is a p-group, cyclic and simple, the embedding becomes an isomorphism. Examples were given to justify the results.

关键词： Wreath Product Direct Product Homomorphism Embedding p-Group Cyclic Simple

Protein quality of four indigenous edible insect species in Nigeria

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第2期7卷 175-183页

作者： Oibiokpa Florence Inje Akanya Helmina Olufunmilayo Jigam Ali audu Saidu Abubakar Ndaman Egwim Evans Chidi Department of Biochemistry Federal University of TechnologyP.M.B 65MinnaNigeria

Food security is a serious concern particularly for developing *** overcome hunger and malnutrition there is a need for increased research towards finding alternative and cheaper sources of *** have been reported to be rich in protein and could be alternative sources of *** work was therefore designed to determine the protein quality of moth caterpillar,termite,cricket and grasshopper and the effects of diets supplemented with these insects on some biochemical and haematological indices of *** amino acid compositions of the insects were determined using standard analytical *** iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated on a 10%protein basis with the insects and casein.A Nitrogen free diet was also formulated as *** six(36)young weanling albino rats(21–28 days old)were divided into 6 groups and fed with the diets ad libitum for 28 *** weekly weight gain and daily feed intake were recorded,urine and faeces were collected for nitrogen determination using Kjedahl method and the data obtained used to calculate the various protein quality *** the feeding trial periods,the rats were sacrificed,blood samples collected and organs excised for various *** was found to have the highest amino acid score(0.91),protein efficiency ratio(1.78),net protein ratio(3.04)biological value(93.02%)and protein digestibility corrected for amino acid score(0.73)as compared to other insect proteins *** organ body weight ratios of the liver,spleen,lung and heart of rats placed on the insect supplemented diets were not significantly different(p>0.05)from those fed with casein and basal *** total protein concentrations in rats fed with cricket diet were not significantly different(p>0.05)from those fed casein diet while serum LDL cholesterol concentration was lowest in rats fed cricket *** finding in this work that the selected insects are nutritious and safe for consumption may a

关键词： Protein quality Insect species Biochemical parameters Haematological parameters Entomophagy