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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 44-45页

作者： Bigal M.E Tepper S.J. sheftell f.d. 方伯言 Rousso Building Office 334-A 1165 Morris Park Avenue Bronx NY 10461 United States Dr.

The criteria for chronic migraine (CM), as proposed by the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache disorders (ICHd-2) is very restrictive, excluding most patients that evolve from episodic migraine. In this study we empirically tested three recent proposals for revised criteria for CM. We included individuals with transformed migraine (TM) with or without medication overuse, according to the criteria proposed by Silberstein and Lipton. All individuals had headache calendars for at least three consecutive months. We assessed the proportion of subjects that fulfilled ICHd-2 criteria for CM or probable chronic migraine with probable medication overuse (CM+). We also tested three proposals for making the CM criteria more inclusive. In proposal 1, CM/CM +would require at least 15 days of migraine or probable migraine per month. Proposal 2 suggests that CM/CM +would be classified in those with ≥15 days of headache per month, where at least 50%of these days are migraine or probable migraine. Proposal 3 suggests that CM/CM +would be classified in those with chronic daily headache and at least 8 days of migraine or probable migraine per month. Among TM sufferers, 399 (62.5%) had TM with medication overuse, and just 10.2%were classified as CM+158 (37.5%) had TM without medication overuse; just nine (5.6%) met current ICHd-2 criteria for CM. Using the alternative criteria, proposal 1 included 48.7%of patients with TM without medication overuse; proposal 2 captured 88%, and proposal 3 classified 94.9%of these patients. for TM with medication overuse, the proportions for proposals 1-3 were, respectively, 37%, 81%and 91%. The differences were statistically significant, favouring proposal 3. Consistently, criteria for CM and CM+should be revised to require at least 8 days of migraine or probable migraine per month, in individuals with 15 or more days of headache per month.

关键词：慢性偏头痛修订标准现场测试变异型偏头痛慢性每日头痛经验验证 CM 诊断

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曲普坦类药物相关副作用的评估:方法对结果的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 26-27页

作者： sheftell f.d. feleppa M. Tepper S.J. M.E.Bigal 陈云春 New England Center for Headache Stamford CT United States Dr.

Background. - A recent study conducted in triptan- na ve migraine patients showed that tolerability was the second most important attribute of an acute treatment. However, the proportion of patients reporting side effects after any acute treatment may vary with regard to the method of assessment. Objectives. - To contrast two methods of assessing adverse events (prompted and unprompted) in those with headache using triptans. Methods. - This study was conducted in two sites, a headache center in the United States, and a neurology office focusing on headache in Italy. We prospectively surveyed 415 adults with headache, who had been using the same triptan for at least 3 months. Participants were asked about their headache and treatment history. Subjects then completed a standardized questionnaire, assessing adverse events in two different ways. first, subjects were asked if they had any adverse events when using the triptan. After returning the first part of the questionnaire, subjects received a second form, where 49 possible adverse events were listed. We contrasted and correlated both sets of answers. Results. - Most patients (U.S. = 74.9% , Italy = 65.5% ) reported no side effects in the unprompted questionnaire. However, most of them (U.S. = 62.9% , Italy = 54.1% ) reported at least one side effect in the prompted questionnaire. Most patients that reported side effects in the unprompted questionnaire said they had just one adverse event, while most reported two or more side effects in the prompted questionnaire. Both in the unprompted and in the prompted questionnaires, most side effects were rated as mild or moderate. Interestingly, 31 (7.5% ) subjects (pooling data from both sites together) graded their adverse events as severe in the prompted questionnaire, but had not self- reported them. Conclusions. - (1) When assessing adverse events, the method of.d.ta collection may dramatically influence the results. (2)- from those subjects who did not self- report adv

关键词：药物治疗头痛患者急性期治疗研究机构神经病学性治疗前瞻性调查自陈

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慢性偏头痛是成年转换型偏头痛的早期阶段

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 35-35页

作者： Bigal M.E. Rapoport A.M sheftell f.d. 方伯言 Rousso Bldg. Office 334-A 1165 Morris Park Ave. Bronx NY 10461 United States

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) is characterized by 15 or more migraine days per month. Most adults with chronic daily headache (CdH) that evolved from migraine have < 15 days of migraine/month. They are often class... 详细信息

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) is characterized by 15 or more migraine days per month. Most adults with chronic daily headache (CdH) that evolved from migraine have days of migraine/month. They are often classified as transformed migraine (TM), a disorder not addressed in the International Headache Society cl assification. Objective: To test the hypothesis that early in the course of migr aine chronification, the frequency of migraine attacks is high and that as illne ss progresses the frequency of nonmigraine headaches increases. Methods: Informa tion was collected on 402 adults with TM and was divided into two groups. Group 1 TM had a 15 days of migraine/month, whereas Group 2 TM had days of migrai ne/month. Risk factors were modeled for number of migraine days per month using logistic regression. Results: Of 402 subjects with TM, 121 (30.1%) were in Grou p 1. The proportion of Group 1 subjects decreased with age, from 71%below age 3 0 to 22%age 60 or above. The correspondent proportion of Group 2 increased from 29 to 78%. More than 15 days of migraine per month was independently predicted by younger ages ( from episodic to CdH ( d shorter time since the development of CdH ( f transforme d migraine.

关键词：转换型头痛发作国际头痛协会慢性每日头痛回归模拟间断发作分类组织

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澳大利亚土著人

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世界民族 1991年第5期 63-68页

作者： f.d.麦卡锡王宜贵

土著人的起源土著人是澳大利亚的本土居民。尽管人们普遍认为土著人是从东南亚经印度尼西亚到达澳大利亚的,但是,他们的血统仍然难以确定。在印度南部、马来西亚、特别是在新几内亚的某些地区,科学家发现了澳大利亚土著人种。

关键词：土著人澳大利亚土著部落氏族马来西亚骨骼化石动物东南亚新几内亚沿海地区

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Control of Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution by Natural Wetland Management

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2010年第4期4卷 62-70页

作者： f.d. Shields Jr C.W. Pearce Water Quality and Ecology Research Unit USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford MS 38655-1157 USA

Reduction ofnonpoint source pollutants, principally sediment and nutrients moving from cultivated fields to surface waters, is a major challenge. Remnants of once-extensive natural wetlands occur across the agricultural landscape, and it has been suggested that these areas might be managed to yield improved wetland function in terms of trapping and retention of nonpoint source pollutants. An existing wetland in a severed meander bend cut off in the 1940s from the Coldwater River in Tunica County, MS, USA was modified by the construction of weirs equipped with water control structures. The wetland was a segment o fold river channel about 500 m long and 20 m wide. Inputs to the wetland cell included sporadic flows due to runoff events from about 350 ha of cultivated fields and less frequent but larger flood events from the river. This type of flood event occurred only once during the study. Concentrations of sediment and nutrients in water were generally lower at the downstream end of the wetland cell than in the major inflow, an ephemeral slough. Mean values of turbidity, suspended sediment concentration, and concentrations of filterable and total phosphorus were 25% to 40% lower at the wetland cell discharge weir than in the slough. Mean concentrations of ammonia were 38% lower, but mean nitrate and nitrite concentrations were essentially unchanged by the wetland cell. Comparison of estimated input and output loads during periods when the wetland cell was not flooded by the river indicated that the wetland cell retained about 18% of input suspended sediment, 24% of phosphorus, and 29% of nitrogen input from cultivated fields. Wetland cell sediment and nutrient retention efficiency was treater for drier months, and declined durin~ wetter periods with frequent runoff events.

关键词： Agriculture nutrients sediments wetlands ecological engineering.

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An old issue and a new challenge for nuclear reactor safety

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frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 854-859页

作者： f.d.AURIA University of Pisa DESTEC/GRNSPG–L.go L.Lazzarino 256100 PisaItaly

Nuclear reactor safety(NRS)and the branch accident analysis(AA)constitute proven technologies:these are based on,among the other things,long lasting research and operational experience in the area of water cooled nuclear reactors(WCNR).Large break loss of coolant accident(LBLOCA)has been,so far,the orienting scenario within AA and a basis for the design of *** incomplete vision for those technologies during the last few years is as follows:Progress in fundamentals was stagnant,namely in those countries where the WCNR were *** became evident,noticeably in relation to nuclear fuel under high *** estimate plus uncertainty(BEPU)techniques were perfected and available for *** and informatics systems were in extensive use and their impact in case of accident becomes more and more un-checked(however,quite irrelevant in case of LBLOCA).The time delay between technological discoveries and applications was becoming *** present paper deals with the LBLOCA that is inserted into the above *** conclusion is that regulations need suitable modification,rather than lowering the importance and the role of ***,strengths of emergency core cooling system(ECCS)and containment need a tight link.

关键词： large break loss of coolant accident(LBLOCA) nuclear reactor safety(NRS) licensing perspectives basis for design of water cooled nuclear reactors(WCNR)

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Experimental Investigation of Separation and Transition Processes on a High-Lift Low-Pressure Turbine Profile Under Steady and Unsteady Inflow at Low Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第1期19卷 26-33页

作者： Satta f Simoni d Ubaldi M Zunino P Bertini f dIMSET-Università di Genova Via Montallegro 1I-16145 GenovaItaly Avio R&d V.I Maggio99 I-10040 Rivalta(TO)-Italy

The effects induced by the presence of incoming wakes on the boundary layer developing over a high-lift low-pressure turbine profile have been investigated in a linear cascade at *** tested Reynolds number is 70000,typical of the cruise operating *** results of the investigations performed under steady and unsteady inflow conditions are *** unsteady investigations have been performed at the reduced frequency of f+=0.62,representative of the real engine operating *** aerodynamic loadings as well as boundary layer velocity profiles have been measured to survey the separation and transition *** analysis has been also performed to better understand the phenomena associated with the transition process under steady *** the unsteady case,a phase-locked ensemble averaging technique has been employed to reconstruct the time-resolved boundary layer velocity distributions from the hot-wire instantaneous signal *** ensemble-averaging technique allowed a detailed analysis of the effects induced by incoming wakes-boundary layer interaction in separation ***-resolved results are presented in terms of mean velocity and unresolved unsteadiness time-space plots.

关键词： boundary layer separation boundary layer transition wake-boundary layer interaction high-liftprofile low-pressure turbine

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Use of ferricyanide for gold and silver cyanidation

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第3期19卷 714-718页

作者： f. XIE d. B. d REISINGER department of Materials Engineering University of British Columbia

Low gold and silver leaching kinetics has been commonly observed in traditional gold-silver cyanidation process, especially in heap leaching and in situ leaching operations. The different mineralogy of gold and silver in the ores is suspected to be the main reason, e.g., the occurrence of low solubility acanthite (Ag2S) typically results in low overall silver extraction. due to the low solubility of oxygen in cyanide solution, the reactivity and availability of oxidant is believed to be the critical limitation for gold and silver dissolution. The use of ferricyanide as the auxiliary oxidant for gold and silver cyanidation has been examined. The rotating disc test results prove the assistant effect of ferricyanide on increasing the dissolution rate of gold and silver. The potential use of ferricyanide in gold/silver cyanidation process is proposed based on the leaching results of actual ores.

关键词：氰化工艺金银浸出动力学铁助氧化剂氰化物溶液旋转圆盘溶解度

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On Generalized Nonlinear Burgers＇ Equation

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Journal of Partial differential Equations 2010年第3期23卷 281-289页

作者： BOKHARI Ashfaque H. KARA A. H. ABdULWAHAB M. ZAMAN f.d. department of Mathematics and Statistics King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia School Of Mathematics and Centre for differential Equations Continuum Mechanics and Applications University of the Witwatersrand Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa

In this work, we study the similarity analysis of the generalized nonlinear Burgers＇ equation having diffusivity and viscosity as a general functions of the particle velocity. We perform the symmetry analysis and exh... 详细信息

关键词： Nonlinear partial differential equations Burgers' equation lie point symmetries exact solutions.

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Conquering Headache : An Illustrated Guide to Understanding the Treatment and Control of Headache 4th

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2003年

作者： Rapoport, Alan M. sheftell, fred d. Tepper, Stewart J.

Includes index.

ISBN: (纸本)9781550092332;9780585489216

Includes index.

关键词： Headache--Popular works

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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