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Preoperative therapy in locally advanced esophageal cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第39期22卷 8750-8759页

作者： Pankaj Kumar garg Jyoti Sharma Ashish Jakhetiya Aakanksha Goel Manish Kumar Gaur Department of Surgery University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital University of Delhi Department of Surgical Oncology Sawai Man Singh Medical College Department of Surgical Oncology Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignancy associated with dismal treatment outcomes. Presence of two distinct histopathological types distinguishes it from other gastrointestinal tract malignancies. Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment in locally advanced esophageal cancer(T2 or greater or node positive); however, a high rate of disease recurrence(systemic and loco-regional) and poor survival justifies a continued search for optimal therapy. Various combinations of multimodality treatment(preoperative/perioperative, or postoperative; radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy) are being explored to lower disease recurrence and improve survival. Preoperative therapy followed by surgery is presently considered the standard of care in resectable locally advanced esophageal cancer as postoperative treatment may not be feasible for all the patients due to the morbidity of esophagectomy and prolonged recovery time limiting the tolerance of patient. There are wide variations in the preoperative therapy practiced across the centres depending upon the institutional practices, availability of facilities and personal experiences. There is paucity of literature to standardize the preoperative therapy. Broadly, chemoradiotherapy is the preferred neo-adjuvant modality in western countries whereas chemotherapy alone is considered optimal in the far East. The present review highlights the significant studies to assist in opting for the best evidence based preoperative therapy(radiotherapy, chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) for locally advanced esophageal cancer.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Preoperative therapy Multimodality treatment Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Chemoradiotherapy

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Guidelines on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging in patients operated for cryptoglandular anal fistula:Experience from 2404 scans

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第33期27卷 5460-5473页

作者： Pankaj garg Baljit Kaur Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Geetha R Menon Department of Colorectal Surgery Garg Fistula Research InstitutePanchkula 134113HaryanaIndia Department of Colorectal Surgery Indus International HospitalMohali 140201PunjabIndia Department of Radiology SSRD Magnetic Resonance Imaging InstituteChandigarh 160011ChandigarhIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Nishtha Surgical Hospital and Research CenterPatan 384265GujaratIndia Department of Surgery SSR Medical CollegeBelle RiveMauritius Department of Statistics Indian Council of Medical ResearchNew Delhi 110029New DelhiIndia

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of anal *** is sufficient literature available outlining the interpretation of fistula MRI before performing ***,the interpretation of MRI becomes quite challenging in the postoperative period after the surgery of fistula has been ***,there are scarce data and no set guidelines regarding analysis of fistula MRI in the postoperative *** this article,we discuss the challenges faced while interpreting the postoperative MRI,the timing of the postoperative MRI,the utility of MRI in the postoperative period for the management of anal fistulas,the importance of the active involvement and experience of the treating clinician in interpreting MRI scans,and the latest advancements in the field.

关键词： Anal fistula Magnetic resonance imaging Postoperative Hyperintensity Internal opening

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A review on emerging materials with focus on BiI_(3) for room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第4期7卷 465-483页

作者： Ritu Chaudhari Chhaya Ravi Kant Alka garg Surender Kumar Sharma Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for WomenKashmere GateDelhi110006India gargi College University of DelhiSiri Fort RoadNew Delhi110049India Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship University New DelhiIndia

Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last *** scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature *** paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation *** An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(PbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been ***-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also *** sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode ***,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also *** The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.

关键词： Radiation detector Defects Electrical properties Bismuth tri-iodide Semiconductor Toxicity

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Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic thoracoabdominal chemotherapy in stage Ⅳ ovarian cancer - a technical description

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 88-96页

作者： Mukur Dipi Ray Raghuram Kuppusamy Navin Kumar Rakesh garg Department of Surgical Oncology Dr BRA-IRCHAIIMSNew Delhi 110029India Department of Onco-anesthesiology and Palliative Medicine Dr Dr.B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer HospitalAIIMSNew Delhi 110029India

Systemic chemotherapy for peritoneal disease in ovarian carcinoma is associated with a recurrence rate of more than 75%,and most of the cases are confined to the peritoneal *** propensity of locoregional treatment failure has paved the way for the discovery of cytoreductive surgery with intra-cavitary *** surgery(CRS)is the present-day treatment modality for a variety of peritoneal carcinomatosis including ovarian cancer,and multi-visceral resection is critical for completion of *** cases of diaphragmatic infiltration by tumor deposits,partial resection leads to a diaphragmatic rent,which can be used for the perfusion of chemotherapeutic drugs into the pleural *** transmission from the peritoneal to pleural cavity is a poor prognostic factor ***,intrathoracic hyperthermic chemotherapy may be a reasonable treatment option for ovarian carcinoma with malignant pleural effusion or pleural *** intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)is added to the treatment plan in cases of complete CRS but this is a technically demanding ***,performing hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy on top of CRS and HIPEC may be even more complicated for such advanced *** technique of combining HIPEC and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy is also commonly known as hyperthermic thoracoabdominal chemotherapy(HITAC).The perioperative morbidity and mortality may be remarkably high in such *** describe our CRS technique with HITAC,which was performed in three FIGO stage IVA ovarian carcinoma patients with metastatic pleural effusion after complete *** patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained *** had partial diaphragmatic resection followed by HITAC as part of CRS *** techniques are outlined along with accompanying intra-operative *** demographics,clinical and follow-up details were also described *** comparative analy

关键词： Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy ovarian carcinoma cytoreduction surgery peritoneal carcinoma index

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Analysis of the Statistical Behaviour of Daily Maximumand Monthly Rainfall Data at New DelhiDuring Monsoon Period

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第3期19卷 425-432页

作者： C. V. Singh R. S. Adhikari H. P. garg Centre of Energy Studies Indian Institute of Technology Hauz Khas 110 016 New Delhi India

A statistical analysis of monthly mean and daily maximum rainfall data at New Delhi during the mon-soon (June-September) period 1940-1980 is presented. It has been observed that a good correlation exists between the monthly and daily maximum rainfall. A linear regression analysis of the data is found to be sig nificant for all the four months. Some key statistical parameters like the mean values of Coefficient of Vari ability (CV), Relative Variability (RV) and Percentage Interannual Variability (PIV) have been studied and found to be at variance. However, their corresponding ratios between mean daily maximum and mean monthly rainfall are significantly lower.

关键词： Monsoon rainfall Coefficient of variability Relative variability Percentage interannual varia-bility

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Carcinoma bladder and sliding bladder hernia: Unusual association of paramount significance

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第2期7卷 186-187页

作者： Manav Agrawal Gaurav garg Sunny Goel Manoj Kumar Department of Urology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

A 60-year-old man,a diagnosed case of inguinal hernia was referred for evaluation of voiding lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS).There was no history of *** local examination,he had right-sided-direct inguinal hernia with right *** biochemical parameters were within normal *** routine microscopy revealed presence of field full of red blood *** uroflowmetry there was presence of decreased peak flow rate(12 mL/s)and average flow rate(8 mL/s).

关键词： bladder hernia Carcinoma

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Three-dimensional fuzzy graphene ultra-microelectrodes for subcellular electrical recordings

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1444-1452页

作者： Sahil K.Rastogi Jacqueline Bliley Laura Matino Raghav garg Francesca Santoro Adam W.Feinberg Tzahi Cohen-Karni Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaNaples80125Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples80125Italy Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Microelectrode arrays(MEAs)have enabled investigation of cellular networks at sub-millisecond temporal ***,current MEAs are limited by the large electrode footprint since reducing the electrode’s geometric area to sub-cellular dimensions leads to a significant increase in impedance thus affecting its recording *** report a breakthrough ultra-microelectrodes platform by leveraging the outstanding surface-to-volume ratio of nanowire-templated out-of-plane synthesized three-dimensional fuzzy graphene(NT-3DFG).The enormous surface area of NT-3DFG leads to 140-fold reduction in electrode impedance compared to bare Au microelectrodes,thus enabling scaling down the geometric size by 625-fold to ca.2µm×2µ*** out-of-plane morphology of NT-3DFG leads to a tight seal with the cell membrane thus enabling recording of electrical signals with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of>*** work highlights the possibility to push the limits of the conventional MEA technology to enable electrophysiological investigation at sub-cellular level without the need of any surface *** presented approach would greatly impact our basic understanding of signal transduction within a single cell as well as complex cellular assemblies.

关键词： microelectrode array ultra-microelectrodes electrical recordings biocompatible hybrid-nanomaterial 3D graphene cardiomyocytes

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Experimental studies and artificial neural network modeling of surface tension of aqueous sodium L-prolinate solutions and piperazine blends

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1904-1911页

作者： Muhammad Shuaib Shaikh A.M.Shariff M.A.Bustam Sahil garg Khadija Qureshi Pervez Hameed Shaikh Inamullah Bhatti Department of Chemical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering&Technology JamshoroSindh 76062Pakistan CO2 Research Centre(CO2RES) Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar 32610PerakMalaysia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization(ORIC) Mehran University of Engineering&Technology JamshoroSindh 76062Pakistan

The surface tension study is very crucial for the design of CO2 gas absorption contacting equipment. The significance of the surface tension has been increasing due to its consideration in various technological fields. This property influences the mass transfer and hydrodynamics of gas absorption systems, mainly multiphase systems, in which the interface between gas and liquid exists. Therefore, in this study, surface tension of aqueous solutions of sodium L-prolinate(SP) and piperazine(PZ) blends were measured at ten different temperatures from(298.15 to 343.15) K. The SP mass fractions were 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30;while the mass fractions of PZ were 0.02 and 0.05. The experimental results showed that the surface tension increase with increasing the mass fractions of SP and PZ in aqueous blends, and decrease linearly with rising temperature. The experimental data of surface tension were correlated by two empirical correlations as a function of temperature and mass fractions for estimating the predicted data using the optimized correlation coefficients. Moreover, the modeling of surface tension data was carried out using Artificial Neural Network(ANN) approach. The results obtianed from ANN modeling were compared with applied empirical correlation. It was found that the ANN approach outperformed the empirical correlation used in this study. Besides, a quantitative analysis of variation(ANOVA) was performed in order to determine the significance of data. The surface tension of aqueous SP and SP + PZ was also compared with various conventional solvents.

关键词： Surface tension L-Prolinate Piperazine Correlation Prediction Neural network

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On the design of an AI-driven secure communication scheme for internet of medical things environment

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1080-1089页

作者： Neha garg Rajat Petwal Mohammad Wazid D.P.Singh Ashok Kumar Das Joel J.P.C.Rodrigues Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun248002India Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic ResearchInternational Institute of Information TechnologyHyderabad500032India College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266555China Instituto de Telecomunicaçoes 6201-001CovilhaPortugal

The Internet of Medical Things(IoMT)is a collection of smart healthcare devices,hardware infrastructure,and related software applications,that facilitate the connection of healthcare information technology system via the *** is also called IoT in healthcare,facilitating secure communication of remote healthcare devices over the Internet for quick and flexible analysis of healthcare *** other words,IoMT is an amalgam of medical devices and applications,which improves overall healthcare ***,this system is prone to securityand privacy-related attacks on healthcare ***,providing a robust security mechanism to prevent the attacks and vulnerability of IoMT is *** mitigate this,we proposed a new Artificial-Intelligence envisioned secure communication scheme for *** discussed network and threat models provide details of the associated network arrangement of the IoMT devices and attacks relevant to ***,we provide the security analysis of the proposed scheme to show its security against different possible ***,a comparative study of the proposed scheme with other similar schemes is *** results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other similar schemes in terms of communication and computation costs,and security and functionality ***,we provide a pragmatic study of the proposed scheme to observe its impact on various network performance parameters.

关键词： Internet of Medical Things(IoMT) Security Authentication and key agreement Artificial Intelligence(AI) Big data analytics

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Oxypred:Prediction and Classification of Oxygen-Binding Proteins

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第3期5卷 250-252页

作者： S.Muthukrishnan Aarti garg G.P.S.Raghava Institute of Microbial Technology Sector 39-AChandigarh 160036India.

This study describes a method for predicting and classifying oxygen-binding proteins. Firstly, support vector machine （SVM） modules were developed using amino acid composition and dipeptide composition for predicting oxygen-binding proteins, and achieved maximum accuracy of 85.5% and 87.8%, respectively. Secondly, an SVM module was developed based on amino acid composition, classifying the predicted oxygen-binding proteins into six classes with accuracy of 95.8%, 97.5%, 97.5%, 96.9%, 99.4%, and 96.0% for erythrocruorin, hemerythrin, hemocyanin, hemoglobin, leghemoglobin, and myoglobin proteins, respectively. Finally, an SVM module was developed using dipeptide composition for classifying the oxygen-binding proteins, and achieved maximum accuracy of 96.1%, 98.7%, 98.7%, 85.6%, 99.6%, and 93.3% for the above six classes, respectively. All modules were trained and tested by five-fold cross validation. Based on the above approach, a web server Oxypred was developed for predicting and classifying oxygen-binding proteins （available from http：//***/raghava/oxypred/）.

关键词： oxygen-binding proteins SVM modules hemoglobin web server prediction

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