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Morphological characterization of fungi associated with the ascochyta blight complex and pathogenic variability of Mycosphaerella pinodes on field pea crops in central Alberta

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The Crop Journal 2015年第1期3卷 10-18页

作者： Hafiz Ahmed Kan-Fa Chang sheau-fang hwang Heting Fu Qixing Zhou Stephen Strelkov Robert Conner Bruce Gossen Crop Diversification Centre North Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Morden MB R6M 1Y5 Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Saskatoon SK S7N 0X2 Canada

Field pea crops in central Alberta were surveyed for ascochyta blight from 2011 to 2012 and fungal isolates were recovered from foliar lesions on selected plants. Cultural and microscopic characterization of the 275 isolates obtained revealed that 272 were of Mycosphaerella pinodes and three were of Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella. Ascochyta pisi or Phoma koolunga were not identified. Isolates of M. pinodes were divided into two groups,GI and GII, based on visual assessment of culture characteristics. GI isolates(light to dark, mostly gray colony color; pycnidial distribution radial and concentric; conidia10.5–14.5 × 4.2–6.2 μm most with one septum, occasionally two, constricted at the septum;spore mass light buff to flesh color) were predominant(83%), while GII isolates(dark to gray colony color; pycnidia abundant; conidia 8–16 × 3.5–6.2 μm most with 1 septum, constricted at the septum; spore mass light buff to flesh color) were less common(17%). The cultures of GII isolates were similar to recent descriptions of A. pisi, but they differed in spore color. In a host differential study, 13 pathotypes of M. pinodes were identified from 110 single-spore isolates. Pathotype I was predominant(88 isolates) and virulent on all nine differential genotypes. The other pathotypes(pathotypes II–XIII) were rare(1–6 isolates of each).Comparison of the present results with earlier studies suggests that pathotype I has been prevalent for many years, and that its aggressiveness on the host differentials has increased over time. Emphasis should be placed on breeding for resistance to M. pinodes in field pea cultivars intended for deployment in central Alberta.

关键词： Ascochyta Phoma Resistance Virulence Pathotype

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Evaluation of host resistance and fungicide application as tools for the management of root rot of field pea caused by Aphanomyces euteiches

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 38-48页

作者： Longfei Wu Kan-Fa Chang sheau-fang hwang Robert Conner Rudolph Fredua-Agyeman David Feindel Stephen E.Strelkov Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Crop Diversification Centre North Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Morden Research and Development Centre

Aphanomyces root rot(ARR) of field pea(Pisum sativum), caused by Aphanomyces euteiches, can cause severe root damage, wilting, and large yield losses under wet soil conditions. To identify ways to manage this disease, the effect of A. euteiches inoculum density on field pea was studied under greenhouse and field conditions in 2015 and 2016. Increases in inoculum density reduced seedling emergence, root nodulation, and plant vigor, and resulted in increased root rot severity in both field and greenhouse tests. Seed treatments with the fungicides Apron Advance(thiabendazole + fludioxonil + metalaxyl) + Vibrance(difenoconazole + metalaxylM + sedaxane), INTEGO Solo(ethaboxam), BAS 516F(boscalid + pyraclostrobin), BAS 720F(metalaxyl + pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad), and BAS 516F + BAS 720F(3:1) were evaluated for their efficacy against ARR. All seed treatments except Apron Advance + Vibrance reduced root rot severity under controlled conditions. BAS 516F, BAS 720F and INTEGO Solo improved plant vigor and all treatments reduced seedling blight to varying degrees under greenhouse conditions, but not in the field. A collection of 22 pea genotypes was evaluated for resistance to root rot in field plot experiments. Line 00–2067 showed the least severe root rot symptoms,whereas ‘Spring D' showed the lowest reduction in yield. The results suggest that there may be an opportunity to combine partial host resistance and fungicidal seed treatments to adequately manage ARR of field pea.

关键词： Aphanomyces euteiches Field pea Fungicides Inoculum density Resistance

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Aphanomyces euteiches： A Threat to Canadian Field Pea Production

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Engineering 2018年第4期4卷 542-551页

作者： Longfei Wu Kan-Fa Chang Robert L. Conner Stephen Strelkov Rudolph Fredua-Agyeman sheau-fang hwang David Feindel Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada Crop Diversification Center North Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Edmonton AB TSY 6H3 Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Morden Research and Development Centre Morden MB R6M 1Y5 Canada

Field pea （Pisum sativum var. arvense L.） is an important legume crop around the world. It produces grains with high protein content and can improve the amount of available nitrogen in the soil. Aphanomyces root rot （ARR）, caused by the soil-borne oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs. （A. euteiches）, is a major threat to pea production in many pea-growing regions including Canada; it can cause severe root damage, wilting, and considerable yield losses under wet soil conditions. Traditional disease management strategies, such as crop rotations and seed treatments, cannot fully prevent ARR under conditions conducive for the disease, due to the longevity of the pathogen oospores, which can infect field pea plants at any growth stage. The development of pea cultivars with partial resistance or tolerance to ARR may be a promising approach to analyze the variability and physiologic specialization ofA. euteiches in field pea and to improve the management of this disease. As such, the detection of quantitative trait loci （QTL） for resistance is essential to field pea-breeding programs. In this paper, the pathogenic characteristics of A. euteiches are reviewed along with various ARR management strategies and the QTL associated with partial resistance to ARR.

关键词： Field pea Aphanomyces euteiches Root rot Pathogenicity variability Quantitative trait loci

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Association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and digestive tract cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第43期15卷 5465-5471页

作者： I-Chen Wu Deng-Chyang Wu fang-Jung Yu Jaw-Yuan Wang Chao-Hung Kuo sheau-fang Yang Chao-Ling wang Ming-Tsang Wu Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsitmg 807 Taiwan China Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Department of Pathology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Graduate Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China

AIM： To explore the role of Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） infection on the risk of digestive tract cancers. METHODS： In total, 199 oral squamous-cell carcinoma （SCC）, 317 esophagea! SCC, 196 gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma and 240 colon adenocarcinoma patients were recruited for serum tests of Hpylori infection. Two hospital- and one community-based control groups were used for the comparisons. Hpylori seropositivity was determined by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method against Hpylori IgG. RESULTS： Presence of H pylori infection was significantly inversely associated with esophageal SCC [adjusted odds ratio （AOR）： 0.315-0.472, all P-value 〈 0.05] but positively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma （both cardia and non-cardia）（AOR： 1.636-3.060, all P-value 〈 0.05） in comparison to the three control groups. Similar results were not found in cancers of the oral cavity and colon. CONCLUSION： Our findings support the finding that H pylori seropositivity is inversely associated with esophageal SCC risk, but increases the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection Oral cancer Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma Colon cancer

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CCL7 and CCL21 overexpression in gastric cancer is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1249-1256页

作者： Tsann-Long hwang Li-Yu Lee Chee-ChanWang Ying Liang Shu-fang Huang Chi-Ming Wu Department of Sur-gery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Department of Medicine Chang GungUniversity Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Department of Pathology Chang Gung MemorialHospital Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Department of CosmeticScience Vanung University Chungli 320 Taiwan Molecular Medicine Researeh Center Chang GungUniversity Taoyuan 333 Taiwan

AIM： To investigate how a complex network of CC chemokine ligands （eeLs） and their receptors influence the progression of tumor and metastasis.METHODS： In the present study, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of CCL7, CCL8 and CCL21 in 194 gastric cancer samples and adjacent normal tissues. We analyzed their correlation with tumor metastasis, clinicopathologic parameters and clinical outcome.RESULTS： We found that the higher expression of CCL7 and CCL21 in cancer tissues than in normal tissues was significantly correlated with advanced depth of wall invasion, lymph node metastasis and higher tumornode metastasis stage. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that CCL7 and CCL21 overexpression in cancer tissues was correlated with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION： These results suggest that overexpression of these two CC chemokine ligands is associ- ated with tumor metastasis and serves as a prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer.

关键词： CC chemokine Chemokine ligand 7, Che-mokine ligand 21 Gastric cancer Lymph node metas-tasis Poor prognosis

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Short-term Celecoxib intervention is a safe and effective chemopreventive for gastric carcinogenesis based on a Mongolian gerbil model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第39期15卷 4907-4914页

作者： Chao-Hung Kuo Huang-Ming Hu Pei-Yun Tsai I-Chen Wu sheau-fang Yang Lin-Li Chang Jaw-Yuan Wang Chang-Ming Jan Wen-Ming Wang Deng-Chyang Wu Division of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital Kaohsiung 813 Taiwan China Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Department of Nursing Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital Kaohsiung 813 Taiwan China Department of Pathology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Department of Microbiology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hosoital Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan China

AIM： To evaluate the optimal intervention point of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） inhibitor, Celecoxib, for inhibiting Helicobacter pylori （H pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis in Mongolian gerbils （MGs）.METHODS： One hundred and twelve MGs were divided into six groups （A-F）. One hundred gerbils were inoculated with H pylor/（groups A-E）. Twelve gerbils were inoculated with vehicle broth only （group F）. After 4 wk, they were given N＇-methyl-N＇ -nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine （MNNG）（50 μg/mL） in the drinking water for 20 wk. in groups B-E, the animals were given the stock Celecoxib （10 mg/kg per day） diet from the 21st, 31st, 21st and 41st week respectively. The periods of administering Celecoxib were 30, 20, 20, and 15 wk respectively. On the 51st week, the animals were sacrificed for histological examination. Local PCNA expression was examined by the immunohistochemistry method. The expression of COX-2 protein was assessed by Western Blot. Analysis used the 2 test. The difference was regarded as significant when P value was less than 0.05. RESULTS： Seventeen percent （17/100） of H pyloriinfected MGs developed gastric cancer. All of these lesions were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The incidence rates of adenocarcinoma in groups A-F were 40%, 0%, 0%, 20%, 25%, and 0% respectively. The inflammatory scores were higher in group B than in other groups. There was no inflammatory response noted in group F. Celecoxib treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the proliferation of H pyloriinfected mucosal cells （groups B, C and D）（P 〈 0.01）. The expression of COX-2 protein was significantly attenuated in the groups which were Celecoxib-treated for more than 20 wk （groups B, C, D）. The groups treated with Celecoxib had a significantly lower rate of advanced gastric cancer （34% vs 75%, P 〈 0.001） There were no sudden deaths in any of the groups. CONCLUSION： Short-term treatment with Celecoxib has an anti-carcinogenic effect, and resulted in less severe inflam

关键词： Cyclooxygenase-2 Chemoprevention He/icobacterpylori Mongolian gerbil

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Magnetotail dipolarization fronts and particle acceleration:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第2期63卷 235-256页

作者： Huishan FU Elena EGRIGORENKO Christine GABRIELSE Chengming LIU San LU KJhwang Xuzhi ZHOU Zhe WANG fang CHEN School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Space Research Institute of RAS MoscowRussia Earth Planetaryand Space Sciences DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA Southwest Research Institute San AntonioUSA Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations(including Cluster, THEMIS, MMS) and numerical simulations(including MHD, testparticle, hybrid, LSK, PIC) of these processes. Specifically, we(1) introduce the properties of DFs at MHD scale, ion scale, and electron scale,(2) review the properties of suprathermal electrons with particular focus on the pitch-angle distributions,(3)define the particle-acceleration process and distinguish it from the particle-heating process,(4) identify the particle-acceleration process from spacecraft measurements of energy fluxes, and(5) quantify the acceleration efficiency and compare it with other processes in the magnetosphere(e.g., magnetic reconnection and radiation-belt acceleration processes). We focus on both the acceleration of electrons and ions(including light ions and heavy ions). Regarding electron acceleration, we introduce Fermi,betatron, and non-adiabatic acceleration mechanisms;regarding ion acceleration, we present Fermi, betatron, reflection, resonance, and non-adiabatic acceleration mechanisms. We also discuss the unsolved problems and open questions relevant to this topic, and suggest directions for future studies.

关键词： Dipolarization front Electron acceleration Ion acceleration Magnetic reconnection Review Reconnection front

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根肿菌生理小种鉴定与甘蓝型油菜品种资源的抗性评价

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中国油料作物学报 2016年第5期38卷 626-639页

作者：费维新 hwang sheau-fang 王淑芬吴晓芸高智谋李强生侯树敏荣松柏江莹芬雷伟侠郝仲萍胡宝成安徽省农业科学院作物研究所国家油料作物改良中心合肥分中心安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室安徽合肥230031 Crop Diversification Centre North Alberta Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentEdmontonABT5Y6H3 安徽省黄山市农业科学研究所安徽黄山245000 安徽农业大学植物保护学院安徽合肥230031

为了鉴定评价油菜根肿病菌致病性的分化与甘蓝型油菜品种资源的抗性,利用Williams鉴别寄主系统鉴定了分离自安徽等6个省病区的16个根肿病菌菌株的生理小种(致病型),并利用温室人工接种技术鉴定评价了12份油菜抗性材料的差异、病圃鉴定了... 详细信息

为了鉴定评价油菜根肿病菌致病性的分化与甘蓝型油菜品种资源的抗性,利用Williams鉴别寄主系统鉴定了分离自安徽等6个省病区的16个根肿病菌菌株的生理小种(致病型),并利用温室人工接种技术鉴定评价了12份油菜抗性材料的差异、病圃鉴定了176份油菜品种资源的抗性。结果表明,来自安徽(休宁、黟县、广德)、湖北(沙阳、当阳)、四川(广汉、眉县、邛崃)和贵州金沙的油菜根肿病菌菌株为4号小种,安徽宁国、云南楚雄、湖南桃江、辽宁沈阳和黑龙江阿城的菌株为2号小种,安徽绩溪的菌株为5号小种,湖北黄陂的菌株为7号小种。在温室人工接种条件下,12份抗性资源对2号、4号和5号小种等表现出不同程度的抗性,其中抗性材料CR5对来自安徽休宁、黟县、广德和四川广汉的4号小种、安徽宁国2号小种和安徽绩溪5号小种均表现出完全的免疫抗性。田间病圃鉴定结果表明种都油998和蓉油9号两个品种表现抗病(R),富油杂118等11个品种表现中抗(MR)。

关键词：甘蓝型油菜根肿菌生理小种抗病性种质资源

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A Novel disposable glucose biosensor based on drop-coating of screen-printed carbon electrodes with carbon nanotubes

A Novel disposable glucose biosensor based on drop-coating o...

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中国颗粒学会超微颗粒专业委员会第四届学术年会暨海峡两岸...

作者： Shyh-hwang Lee Hung-Yuan fang Leszek Stobinski Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering National Yunlin University of Science ＆ Technology 123 University Road Sec. Department of Materials Engineering Tatung University TaipeiTaiwanInstitute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences01-224 WarsawPoland

Surface modification of SWCNTs with hydrophilic carboxyl group (HC-CNTs) was prepared by concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids treatment and a novel disposable glucose biosensor was fabricated by dro

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Effect and mechanism of tacrolimus on melanogenesis on A375 human melanoma cells

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第16期127卷 2966-2971页

作者： Huang Haiyan Wang Xiaoyan Ding Xiaolan Xu Qianxi Sonia Kay hwang Wang fang Du Juan Zhang Jianzhong Department of Dermatology Peking University People's HospitalBeijing 100044 China Department of Allergy Beijing Shijitan Hospital Beijing 100038China

Background Topical tacrolimus has been used for vitiligo as a common treatment option for more than ten years while the underlying mechanism is still *** aim of this study was to investigate the direct effects of tacrolimus on the melanogenesis and migration on human A375 melanoma *** expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein of human A375 cells were also *** The cultured A375 human melanoma cells were randomly assigned to control and tacrolimus treatment groups （10,102,103and 104 nmol/L）.The cell proliferation was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 *** content was measured with NaOH *** migration assay was used to measure cell *** expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein were measured with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry *** The cell proliferation of the 103 and 104 nmol/L tacrolimus groups were significantly lower （0.666±0.062 and 0.496±0.038） as compared with the control （0.841±0.110,P 〈0.05）.The mean melanin content in all groups treated with different concentration of tacrolimus （10,102,103,104 nmol/L） increased compared with the control group （P 〈0.05）.Dosedependent increase in cell migration were seen in all tacrolimus-treated groups （P 〈0.01）.The expression of c-KIT mRNA level in A375 cells exposed to tacrolimus （103and 104 nmol/L） had significantly increased by 3.03-fold and 3.19-fold respectively compared with the control （P 〈0.05）.Conclusions Although tacrolimus had no effects on cell proliferation on A375 human melanoma cells,it could increase the melanin content and cell *** expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein increased dose-dependently in tacrolimus-treated groups as compared with the *** study demonstrated that tacrolimus could enhance the melanogenesis and cell migration on A375 cells.

关键词： tacrolimus melanocyte c-KIT melanogenesis cell migration

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