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TaRLK-6A promotes Fusarium crown rot resistance in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 12-16页

作者： Haijun Qi Xiuliang Zhu Wenbiao shen xia Yang Chaozhong Zhang Genying Li Feng Chen Xuening Wei Zengyan Zhang Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130000China The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Agronomy College/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/CIMMYT‐China(Henan)Joint Center of Wheat and Maize Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China

Fusariumcrown rot(FCR),mainly caused by the soil‐borne fungus Fusarium pseudograminearum,is a devastatingdisease of wheat(Triticum aestivum(Ta)).Fusariumcrown rotcauses substantial yield losses and generates mycotoxins inwheat grains that can cause serious health problems in hu-mans and livestock(Powell et al.,2017).Identifying genes thatprovide resistance *** character-izing the molecular mechanisms underlying such resistance arekey to breeding wheat varieties that are resistant to this dev-astating fungus.

关键词： aestivum breeding soil

Construction of electron rich Fe active sites by FeCu alloy anchoring on carbon nitride for photocatalytic nitrogen reduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1570-1579页

作者： Gang Dong Cong Huang fei-Yang Chen Xue-Qin Liu Zhen Li xiao-Li Su Tao Zeng Yun-xia Chen Yi-Huang Chen Yang Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen333403China Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou325035China

Given the clean and inexhaustible solar energy from solar light,photocatalytic ammonia synthesis is extremely ***,high electron-hole recombination rates and insufficient active sites severely limited N2 photoreaction ***,we designed and fabricated FeCu alloy nanoparticles anchored on carbon nitride nanosheets with excellent photocatalyt ic ammonia synthesis *** a coupler between Fe and carbon nitride,Cu promotes the separation of photogenerated charge carriers in carbon nitride under solar light irradiation,and renters the semiconductor a forceful electron donor for the Fe active *** accumulated electrons at Fe sites furtherly facilitated the adsorption and activation of the molecular ***,the uniform dispersed FeCu alloy nanoparticles were on carbon nitride nanosheets enhanced the stability of photocataly tic nitrogen reduction reaction,making the artificial photocataly tic ammonia synthesis more sustainable for *** work highlights that a direct electron transfer channel can be used to regulate the photochemical nitrogen fixation network.

关键词： Photocatalytic N_2 fixation Carbon nitride FeCu alloy Active sites Hydrogenation pathway

Recent advances of high-entropy electrocatalysts for water electrolysis by electrodeposition technology:a short review

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2371-2390页

作者： Han-Ming Zhang Shao-fei Zhang Li-Hao Zuo Jia-Kang Li Jun-xia Guo Peng Wang Jin-Feng Sun Lei Dai Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore

Hydrogen is considered as the promising energy carrier to substitute traditional fossil fuel,due to its cleanliness,renewability and high energy *** electrolysis is a simple and eonvenient technology for hydrogen *** efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen production is limited by the electrocatalytic performances on hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The exorbitant Pt-and Ir-/Ru-based electrocatalysts as optimal HER and OER electrocatalysts,respectively,restrict water electrolysis ***,non-precious metal-based high-entropy electrocatalysts have exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities and long-term stabilities for water electrolysis,as promising precious cataly st ***,the construction of the high-entropy electroc atalysts is vital to water electrolysis *** technology is an efficient method for the preparation of high-entropy electrocatalysts due to its simple,fast,energy-saving and environmental-friendly ***-component co-precipitation facilely occurs during the electroredox in electrodeposition ***-entropy alloys,oxides,(oxy)hydroxides,phosphides and phosphorus sulfide oxides have been successfully prepared by galvanostatic,potentiostatic electrodeposition,cyclic voltammetry,pulse,nanodroplet-mediated and cathodic plasma electrodeposition ***,introduction of the development of high-entropy electrocatalysts synthesized by electrodeposition technology is significant to researchers and *** and outlooks are also concluded to boost the industrial application of electrodeposition in water electrolysis and other energy conversion areas.

关键词： High-entropy electrocatalysts Electrodeposition technology Water electrolysis Multi-component co-precipitation Excellent electrocatalytic performances

Optically driven intelligent computing with ZnO memristor

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 158-166页

作者： Jing Yang Lingxiang Hu Liufeng shen Jingrui Wang Peihong Cheng Huanming Lu fei Zhuge Zhizhen Ye Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200072China Institute of Wenzhou Zhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325006China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Artificial vision is crucial for most artificial intelligence *** artificial visual systems have been facing challenges in terms of real-time information processing due to the physical separation of sensors,memories,and processors,which results in the production of a large amount of redundant data as well as the data conversion and transfer between these three components consuming most of the time and *** optoelectronic memristors with the ability to realize integrated sensing-computing-memory(ISCM)are key candidates for solving such challenges and therefore attract increasing *** present,the memristive ISCM devices can only perform primary-level computing with external light signals due to the fact that only monotonic increase of memconductance upon light irradiation is achieved in most of these ***,we propose an all-optically controlled memristive ISCM device based on a simple structure of Au/ZnO/Pt with the ZnO thin film sputtered at pure Ar *** device can perform advanced computing tasks such as nonvolatile neuromorphic computing and complete Boolean logic functions only by light irradiation,owing to its ability to reversibly tune the memconductance with ***,the device shows excellent operation stability ascribed to a purely electronic memconductance tuning ***,this study is an important step towards the next generation of artificial visual systems.

关键词： Memristor All-optically controlling ZnO thin filmArtificial vision Nonvolatile neuromorphic computing Logic-in-memory

Simulation of rice grain breakage process based on Tavares UFRJ model

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 65-74页

作者： Shaohang shen Shouyu Ji Dan Zhao Yanlong Han Hao Li Ze Sun Zhuozhuang Li Anqi Li Wenyu Feng Jiaming fei Fuguo Jia Yang Li College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China College of Food Science Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China

Understanding the breakage characteristics of rice grains is an important means to reduce rice breakage rate. However, the dynamic breakage mechanism of rice grain is unclear due to the lack of a reasonable breakage model. In this study, the uniaxial compression test and drop weight test of single rice were carried out, the breakage model of rice grain was constructed, the reliability of rice model was verified by the experiment and simulation results. The results showed that the fracture energy distribution of rice can be obtained by uniaxial compression test, the specific fracture energy of rice accords with a lognormal distribution, and the median specific fracture energy of rice is 479.75 J/kg. The damage accumulation coefficient and fragment size distribution of rice can be acquired by drop test, the result of damage accumulation coefficient of rice was 4.3. Rice grain breakage mainly occurs in the milling section of the vertical circulation rice mill.

关键词： Rice breakage mechanism Discrete element method Parameter calibration

Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan shen Tongran Wu Aiping Lian Jie Gao fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang Wu Yangyang Cui Xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100048China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown Beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown Beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution *** results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown Beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle *** data shows that traffic flow in central Beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"National V"or higher emission ***,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is *** on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central Beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle *** a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central Beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of Beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy Beijing

Grain boundary engineering for enhancing intergranular damage resistance of ferritic/martensitic steel P92

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 186-199页

作者： Lei Peng Shang-Ming Chen Jing-Yi Shi Yong-Jie Sun Yi-fei Liu Yin-Zhong shen Hong-Ya He Hui-Juan Wang Jie Tian State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science333 Long Teng RoadShanghai 201620China Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Ferritic/martensitic(F/M)steel is widely used as a structural material in thermal and nuclear power ***,it is susceptible to intergranular damage,which is a critical issue,under service *** this study,to improve the resistance to intergranular damage of F/M steel,a thermomechanical process(TMP)was employed to achieve a grain boundary engineering(GBE)microstructure in F/M steel *** TMP,including cold-rolling thickness reduction of 6%,9%,and 12%,followed by austenitization at 1323 K for 40 min and tempering at 1053 K for 45 min,was applied to the as-received(AR)P92 *** prior austenite grain(PAG)size,prior austenite grain boundary character distribution(GBCD),and connectivity of prior austenite grain boundaries(PAGBs)were *** to the AR specimen,the PAG size did not change *** fraction of coincident site lattice boundaries(CSLBs,3≤Σ≤29)and Σ3^(n) boundaries along PAGBs decreased with increasing reduction ratio because the recrystallization fraction increased with increasing reduction *** PAGB connectivity of the 6%deformed specimen slightly deteriorated compared with that of the AR ***,potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the intergranular damage resistance of the studied steel could be improved by increasing the fraction of CSLBs along the PAGBs,indicating that the TMP,which involves low deformation,could enhance the intergranular damage resistance.

关键词： Grain boundary engineering Ferritic/martensitic steel Prior austenite grain boundary character distribution Grain boundary connectivity Intergranular damage resistance

Effect of CaO Impurity on Mullite Formation from SiO_(2) Gel and Al_(2)O_(3) Powders

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China's Refractories 2024年第1期33卷 34-39页

作者： GENG Qiankun TIAN Xuekun WANG Hongsen shen Jiaxin OUYANG Deze ZHAO fei LIU Xinhong Henan Key Laboratory of High Temperature Functional Ceramics School of Material Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

To broaden the application of SiO_(2) sol-bonded castables,using micro-or nano-Al_(2)O_(3) powder and SiO_(2) gel powder as the main raw materials,the effects of CaO impurity on the formation of mullite by the reaction of Al_(2)O_(3) and SiO_(2) at different temperatures(1350,1400,1500,and 1600℃)in different atmospheres(oxidation atmosphere and reduction atmosphere)were *** results show that in the oxidizing atmosphere,the introduction of CaO can promote the formation of *** the temperature increases from 1350℃to 1600℃,the amount of mullite formed gradually *** the reducing atmosphere,the introduction of CaO is not conducive to the formation of mullite,and the amount of mullite decreases with the increasing *** smaller the particle size of Al_(2)O_(3),the more easily it reacts with SiO_(2) gel powder to form mullite.

关键词： CaO mullite atmosphere temperature particle size

Ten-year observation of corneal densitometry and associated factors following small incision lenticule extraction

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 485-490页

作者： xiao-Song Han fei xia Zhuo-Yi Chen Pei-Jun Yao Dong-Mei Yang Jing Zhao Xing-Tao Zhou Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye&ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Key Laboratory of MyopiaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Shanghai 200031China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care(20DZ2255000) Shanghai 200031China

●AIM:To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).●METHODS:Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equivalent of-6.46±1.50 D and mean age 28.23±7.38y were ***-scale examinations were conducted on all patients preoperatively and during *** acuity,manifest refraction,axial length,corneal thickness,corneal higher-order aberrations,and CD were evaluated.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed successfully without complications or adverse ***-year safety index was 1.17±0.20 and efficacy 1.04±*** value of 0–6 mm zones in central layer was statistically significantly lower 10y postoperatively,compared with preoperative values(0–2 mmΔ=-1.62,2–6 mmΔ=-1.24,P<0.01).There were no correlations between CD values and factors evaluated.●CONCLUSION:SMILE is a safe and efficient procedure for myopia on a long-term *** values get lower 10y postoperatively,whose mechanism is to be further discussed.

关键词： myopia small incision lenticule extraction corneal densitometry