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An Improved Lung Cancer Segmentation Based on Nature-Inspired Optimization Approaches

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1051-1075页

作者： shazia shamas Surya Narayan Panda Ishu Sharma Kalpna Guleria Aman Singh Ahmad Ali AlZubi Mallak Ahmad AlZubi Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Higher Polytechnic School Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Engineering Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaAreciboPR00613USA Uttaranchal Institute of Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunUttarakhand248007India Computer Science Department King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan

The distinction and precise identification of tumor nodules are crucial for timely lung cancer diagnosis andplanning intervention. This research work addresses the major issues pertaining to the field of medical imageprocessing while focusing on lung cancer Computed Tomography (CT) images. In this context, the paper proposesan improved lung cancer segmentation technique based on the strengths of nature-inspired approaches. Thebetter resolution of CT is exploited to distinguish healthy subjects from those who have lung cancer. In thisprocess, the visual challenges of the K-means are addressed with the integration of four nature-inspired swarmintelligent techniques. The techniques experimented in this paper are K-means with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC),K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), K-means with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Kmeanswith Firefly Algorithm (FFA). The testing and evaluation are performed on Early Lung Cancer ActionProgram (ELCAP) database. The simulation analysis is performed using lung cancer images set against metrics:precision, sensitivity, specificity, f-measure, accuracy,Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Jaccard, and *** detailed evaluation shows that the K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) significantly improved thequality of lung cancer segmentation in comparison to the other optimization approaches utilized for lung cancerimages. The results exhibit that the proposed approach (K-means with CSA) achieves precision, sensitivity, and Fmeasureof 0.942, 0.964, and 0.953, respectively, and an average accuracy of 93%. The experimental results prove thatK-meanswithABC,K-meanswith PSO,K-meanswith FFA, andK-meanswithCSAhave achieved an improvementof 10.8%, 13.38%, 13.93%, and 15.7%, respectively, for accuracy measure in comparison to K-means segmentationfor lung cancer images. Further, it is highlighted that the proposed K-means with CSA have achieved a significantimprovement in accuracy, hence can be utilized by resea

关键词： Lesion lung cancer segmentation medical imaging meta-heuristic Artificial Bee Colony(ABC) Cuckoo Search Algorithm(CSA) Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) Firefly Algorithm(FFA) segmentation

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New Developments on Operator Reverse AM-GM Inequality for Positive Linear Maps

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2022年第2期38卷 419-430页

作者： shazia KARIM Ilyas ALI Muhammad MUSHTAQ Department of Mathematics University of Engineering and Technology LahorePakistan Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPakistan

In this research article,we shall give some reverse Arithmetic-Geometric mean inequalities for unital positive linear maps on Hilbert space operators under some different *** results are sharper and more precise as co... 详细信息

关键词： Positive operators unital positive linear maps operator AM-GM inequality operator reverse AM-GM inequality operator norm

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Laser-assisted ablation and plasma formation of titanium explored by LIBS,QCM, optical microscopy and SEM analyses along with mechanical modifications under different pressures of Ar and Ne

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第3期25卷 181-192页

作者： Maryam RIAZ shazia BASHIR Asma HAYAT Zarish NAZ Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics GC University Lahore

This study deals with the investigation of Nd:YAG laser-assisted ablation and plasma formation of Ti at irradiance of 0.85 GW cm-2 under Ar and Ne environment at various pressures ranging from 10-120 ***-induced breakdown spectroscopy is used to evaluate plasma parameters,whereas quartz crystal microbalance is used for ablation yield *** crater depth is evaluated by optical *** surface features are explored by scanning electron microscope(SEM) analysis and the micro-hardness is measured by a Vickers hardness *** is observed that the plasma parameters are higher in Ar than in Ne,and are strongly correlated with the ablation yield,ablation depth,surface features and hardness of laser-ablated *** parameters increase with increasing the pressure of environmental gases,attain their maxima at 40 Torr for Ar and at 60 Torr for ***,they show a decreasing trend up till a maximum pressure of 120 *** maximum value of the electron temperature(Te) is5480 K,number density(ne) is 1.46 × 1018 cm-3,ablation depth is 184 μm,ablation yield is3.9 × 1015 atoms/pulse and hardness is 300 HV in the case of Ar *** analysis reveals the growth of surface features,such as cones,ridges and pores,whose appearance is more distinct in Ar than Ne and is attributed to temperature,pressure and density gradients along with recoil pressure of the Ti plasma.

关键词： ablation plasma electron temperature electron density laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy surface structures

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Bioresorbable magnesium-based alloys containing strontium doped nanohydroxyapatite promotes bone healing in critical sized bone defect in rat femur shaft

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 270-286页

作者： shazia Shaikh Irfan Qayoom R.Sarvesha Ashok Kumar Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Center for Nanosciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India

Magnesium-based biomaterials have been in extensive research for orthopedic applications for decades due to their optimal mechanical features and osteopromotive nature;nevertheless,rapid degradation restricts their clinical *** this study,pristine magnesium was purified(P-Mg)using a melt self-purification approach and reinforced using indigenously synthesized nanohydroxyapatite(HAP,0.6 wt.%)and strontium substituted nanohydroxyapatite(SrHAP,0.6 wt.%)using a low-cost stir assisted squeeze casting method to control their degradation *** electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)examinations,all casted materials were carefully evaluated for microstructure and phase *** characteristics,in vitro degradation,and in vitro biocompatibility with murine pre-osteoblasts were also tested on the fabricated *** in vivo examination of bone formation,osteointegration,and degradation rate,the magnesium-based alloys were fabricated as small cylindrical pins with a diameter of 2.7 mm and a height of 2 *** pins were implanted in a critical-sized defect in a rat femur shaft(2.7 mm diameter and 2 mm depth)for 8 weeks and evaluated by microCT and histological evaluation for bone growth and *** compared to P-Mg and P-MgHAP,micro-CT and histological analyses revealed that the P-MgSrHAP group had the highest bone formation towards the periphery of the implant and hence maximum *** the removed pins from the bone defect were analyzed using GIXRD,they displayed hydroxyapatite peaks that were consistent with *** P-Mg,P-MgHAP,and P-MgSrHAP 8 weeks after implantation,in vivo degradation rates derived from micro-CT were around 0.6 mm/year,0.5 mm/year,and 0.1 mm/year,***,P-MgSrHAP possesses the requisite degradation rate as well as sufficient mechanical and biological properties,indicating that it has the potential to be used in the development/fabrication of bi

关键词： Magnesium purification Reinforcement Degradation rate Nanocement Bone regeneration

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Two-dimensional investigation of characteristic parameters and their gradients for the self-generated electric and magnetic fields of laser-induced zirconium plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 138-155页

作者： Tayyaba SAJID shazia BASHIR Mahreen AKRAM Maira RAZZAQ Khaliq MAHMOOD Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan

Two-dimensional diagnosis of laser-induced zirconium(Zr)plasma has been experimentally performed using the time-of-flight method by employing Faraday cups in addition to electric and magnetic *** characteristic parameters of laser-induced Zr plasma have been evaluated as a function of different laser irradiances ranging from 4.5 to 11.7 GW cm-2 at different axial positions of 1–4 cm with a fixed radial distance of 2 cm.A well-supporting correlation between the plume parameters and the laser-plasma-produced spontaneous electric and magnetic(E and B)fields was *** measurements of the characteristic parameters and spontaneously induced fields were observed to have an increasing trend with the increasing laser ***,when increasing the spatial distance in both the axial and radial directions,the plasma parameters(electron/ion number density,temperature and kinetic energy)did not show either continuously increasing or decreasing trends due to various kinetic and dynamic processes during the spatial evolution of the ***,the E and B fields were observed to be always diffusing away from the *** radial component of electron number densities remained higher than the axial number density component,whereas the axial ion number density at all laser irradiances and axial distances remained higher than the radial ion number *** higher axial self-generated electric field(SGEF)values than radial SGEF values are correlated with the effective charge-separation mechanism of electrons and *** generation of a self-generated magnetic field is observed dominantly in the radial direction at increasing laser irradiance as compared to the axial one due to the deflection of fast-moving electrons and the persistence of two-electron temperature on the radial axis.

关键词： Faraday cup axial and radial expansion space-charge effect laser-induced zirconium plasma two-electron temperature distribution self-generated electric and magnetic fields

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A Levenberg–Marquardt Based Neural Network for Short-Term Load Forecasting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1783-1800页

作者： Saqib Ali shazia Riaz Safoora Xiangyong Liu Guojun Wang School of Computer Science Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Computer Science University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Government College Women UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is part and parcel of theefficient working of power grid stations. Accurate forecasts help to detect thefault and enhance grid reliability for organizing sufficient energy *** ranges from an hour ahead prediction to a day ahead prediction. Variouselectric load forecasting methods have been used in literature for electricitygeneration planning to meet future load demand. A perfect balance regardinggeneration and utilization is still lacking to avoid extra generation and misusageof electric load. Therefore, this paper utilizes Levenberg–Marquardt(LM) based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to forecast theshort-term electricity load for smart grids in a much better, more precise,and more accurate manner. For proper load forecasting, we take the mostcritical weather parameters along with historical load data in the form of timeseries grouped into seasons, i.e., winter and summer. Further, the presentedmodel deals with each season’s load data by splitting it into weekdays andweekends. The historical load data of three years have been used to forecastweek-ahead and day-ahead load demand after every thirty minutes makingload forecast for a very short period. The proposed model is optimized usingthe Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm to achieve results withcomparable statistics. Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE), Root MeanSquared Error (RMSE), R2, and R are used to evaluate the model. Comparedwith other recent machine learning-based mechanisms, our model presentsthe best experimental results with MAPE and R2 scores of 1.3 and 0.99,respectively. The results prove that the proposed LM-based ANN modelperforms much better in accuracy and has the lowest error rates as comparedto existing work.

关键词： Short-term load forecasting artificial neural network power generation smart grid Levenberg-Marquardt technique

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New Configurations of the Fuzzy Fractional Differential Boussinesq Model with Application in Ocean Engineering and Their Analysis in Statistical Theory

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第11期137卷 1573-1611页

作者： Yu-Ming Chu SaimaRashid shazia Karim Anam Sultan Department of Mathematics Huzhou UniversityHuzhou313000China Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities UET LahoreFaisalabad CampusLahorePakistan

The fractional-order Boussinesq equations(FBSQe)are investigated in this work to see if they can effectively improve the situation where the shallow water equation cannot directly handle the dispersion *** fuzzy forms of analytical FBSQe solutions are first derived using the Adomian decomposition *** also occurs on the sea floor as opposed to at the functionality.A set of dynamical partial differential equations(PDEs)in this article exemplify an unconfined aquifer flow *** can accurately simulate climatological intrinsic waves,so the ripples are spread across a large demographic *** Aboodh transform merged with the mechanism of Adomian decomposition is implemented to obtain the fuzzified FBSQe in R,R^(n) and(2nth)-order involving generalized Hukuhara *** to the system parameter,we classify the qualitative features of the Aboodh transform in the fuzzified Caputo and Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo fractional derivative formulations,which are addressed in *** illustrations depict a comparison analysis between the both fractional operators under gH-differentiability,as well as the appropriate attributes for the fractional-order and unpredictability factorsσ∈[0,1].A statistical experiment is conducted between the findings of both fractional derivatives to prevent changing the hypothesis after the results are *** on the suggested analyses,hydrodynamic technicians,as irrigation or aquifer quality experts,may be capable of obtaining an appropriate storage intensity amount,including an unpredictability threshold.

关键词： Fuzzy set theory aboodh transform adomian decomposition method boussinesq equation fractional derivative operators analysis of variance test

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Kaempferol and its derivatives:Biological activities and therapeutic potential

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第10期13卷 411-420页

作者： shazia Parveen Irshad Ul Haq Bhat Rajeev Bhat Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityYanbu BranchYanbu-46423Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BahrainP.O.Box 32038Bahrain ERA-Chair for Food(By-)Products Valorisation Technologies Estonian University of Life SciencesTartu-510014EstoniaEU

Kaempferol,a natural plant-origin flavonoid,exhibits therapeutic anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anticancer,antidiabetic,and neuroprotective *** acts within several distinct mechanisms like apoptotic induction in cancer cells,enzymatic inhibition,signalling pathway inhibition,and downregulation in cell viability during the G2/M phase of cell *** review summarizes the therapeutic effects of kaempferol against several health *** recent progress on kaempferol obtained from fruits and vegetables as an antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,antidiabetic,and neuroprotective agent and its mechanisms of action are also *** addition,kaempferol has been reported to be present in wastes and byproducts from post-fruit and vegetable ***,a paradigm shift towards valorizing fruits and vegetable industrial wastes/byproducts to obtain bioactive kaempferol can support the circular economy pillar for generating wealth from waste and for finding a sustainable alternative source.

关键词： Kaempferol Therapeutic effects Bioactivities Fruits and vegetable wastes Sustainable alternative sources

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Role of PTPN2/22 polymorphisms in pathophysiology of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第6期24卷 657-670页

作者： Robert C Sharp shazia A Beg Saleh A Naser Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine University of Central Florida University of Central College of Medicine Health CenterOrlando

AIM To establish the relationship of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 and 22(PTPN2/22) polymorphisms and mycobacterial infections in Crohn's disease(CD). METHODS All 133 subjects' blood samples were genotyped for nine single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in PTPN2/22 using TaqMan^(?) genotyping, while the effect of the SNPs on PTPN2/22 and IFN-γ gene expression was determined using RT-PCR. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis(MAP) IS900 gene was done by nPCR after DNA extraction from the isolated leukocytes of each subjects' blood samples. T-cells isolated from the patient samples were tested for response to phytohematoagglutonin(PHA) mitogen or mycobacterial antigens by Brd U proliferation assays for T-cell activity. RESULTS Out of the nine SNPs examined, subjects with either heterozygous(TC)/minor(CC) alleles in PTPN2:rs478582 occurred in 83% of CD subjects compared to 61% healthy controls(P-values < 0.05; OR = 3.03). Subjects with either heterozygous(GA)/minor(AA) alleles in PTPN22:rs2476601 occurred in 16% of CD compared to 6% healthy controls(OR = 2.7). Gene expression in PTPN2/22 in CD subjects was significantly decreased by 2 folds compared to healthy controls(P-values < 0.05). IFN-γ expression levels were found to be significantly increased by approxiately 2 folds in subjects when either heterozygous or minor alleles in PTPN2:rs478582 and/or PTPN22:rs2476601 were found(P-values < 0.05). MAP DNA was detected in 61% of CD compared to only 8% of healthy controls(P-values < 0.05, OR = 17.52), where subjects with either heterozygous or minor alleles in PTPN2:rs478582 and/or PTPN22:rs2476601 had more MAPbacteremia presence than subjects without SNPs did. T h e average T-cell proliferation in CD treated with PHA or mycobacteria antigens was, respectively, 1.3 folds and 1.5 folds higher than healthy controls without any significant SNP. CONCLUSION The data suggests that SNPs in PTPN2/22 affect the negative regulation of the im

关键词： Crohn’s disease PTPN2 PTPN22 PTPN2/22 Mycobacteria single nucleotide polymorphisms

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Advances in research on Zika virus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第4期10卷 301-312页

作者： Amjad Ali Braira Wahid shazia Rafique Muhammad Idrees Centre for Applied Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Vice Chancellor Hazara University

Zika virus(ZIKV) is rapidly spreading across the America and its devastating outcomes for pregnant women and infants have driven this previously ignored pathogen into the *** manifestations are fever,joint pain or rash and *** of ZIKV started with a first outbrcak in the Pacific arca in 2007.a second large outbreak occurred in the Pacific in 2013/2014 and subsequently the virus spread in other Pacific *** of explosive global pandemic and severe clinical complications linked with the more immediate and recurrent epidemics necessitate the development of an effective *** vaccine platforms such as DNA vaccine,recombinant subunit *** purified inactivated vaccine,and chimeric vaccines have shown potent efficacy in ritro and in rim ***,number of drugs such as ***008 and 7-DMA are ready to enter phase I clinical trial because of proven anti-ZIKV *** based antibodies offer promise as an intervention effective for use in pregnant *** this review,we describe the advances in research on ZIKV such as research strategies for the development of antiviral drugs & vaccines,molecular evolution,epidemiology emergence,neurological complications and other teratogenic outcomes as well as pathogenesis.

关键词： Zika virus Molecular evolution Neurological complications Transmission Diagnosis Pathogenesis

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