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Community structure and carbon and nitrogen storage of sagebrush desert under grazing exclusion in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 239-251页

作者： DONG Yiqiang SUN Zongjiu AN shazhou JIANG Shasha WEI Peng College of Pratacultural and Environmental Science Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Xinjiang Urumqi 830052China Post-doctoral Mobile Station of Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052China

Overgrazing is regarded as one of the key factors of vegetation and soil degradation in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest *** exclusion(GE)is one of the most common pathways used to restore degraded grasslands and to improve their ecosystem ***,there are still significant controversies concerning GE’s effects on grassland diversity as well as carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)*** remains poorly understood in the arid desert regions,whilst being essential for the sustainable use of grassland *** assess the effects of GE on community characteristics and C and N storage of desert plant community in the arid desert regions,we investigated the community structure and plant biomass,as well as C and N storage of plants and soil(0-100 cm depth)in short-term GE(three years)plots and adjacent long-term freely grazing(FG)plots in the areas of sagebrush desert in Northwest China,which are important both for spring-autumn seasonal pasture and for ecological *** findings indicated that GE was beneficial to the average height,coverage and aboveground biomass(including stems,leaves and inflorescences,and litter)of desert plant community,to the species richness and importance values of subshrubs and perennial herbs,and to the biomass C and N storage of aboveground parts(P<0.05).However,GE was not beneficial to the importance values of annual herbs,root/shoot ratio and total N concentration in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil layers(P<0.05).Additionally,the plant density,belowground biomass,and soil organic C concentration and C storage in the 0-100 cm soil layer could not be significantly changed by short-term GE(three years).The results suggest that,although GE was not beneficial for C sequestration in the sagebrush desert ecosystem,it is an effective strategy for improving productivity,diversity,and C and N storage of *** a result,GE can be used to rehabilitate degraded grasslands in the arid desert regions of Northwest China.

关键词： grazing exclusion desert plant community biomass C storage N storage fencing arid desert regions

Storage,pattern and driving factors of soil organic carbon in the desert rangelands of northern Xinjiang,north-west China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第3期18卷 598-610页

作者： Huixia LIU Zongjiu SUN Yuxuan CUI Yiqiang DONG Panxing HE shazhou an Xianhua ZHANG College of Grassland Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology Urumqi 830052China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology Urumqi 830052China

Soil organic carbon(SOC)is a critical variable used to determine the carbon ***,large uncertainties arise when predicting the SOC stock in soil profiles in Chinese grasslands,especially on desert *** studies have shown that desert ecosystems may be potential carbon sinks under global climate *** of the high spatial heterogeneity,time-consuming sampling methods,and difficult acquisition process,the relationships the SOC storage and distribution have with driving factors in desert rangelands remain poorly ***,we investigated and developed an SOC database from 3162 soil samples(collected at depths of 0−10 cm and 10−20 cm)across 527 sites,as well as the climate conditions,vegetation types,and edaphic factors associated with the sampling sites in the desert rangelands of northern Xinjiang,north-west *** study aims to determine the SOC magnitude and drivers in desert *** findings demonstrate that the SOC and SOC density(SOCD)were 0.05−37.13 g·kg^(-1)and 19.23−9740.62 g·m^(-2),respectively,with average values of 6.81±5.31 g·kg^(-1)and 1670.38±1202.52 g·m^(-2),*** spatial distributions of SOC and SOCD all showed gradually decreasing trends from south-west to ***-SOC areas were mainly distributed in the piedmont lowlands of the Ili valley,while low-SOC regions were mainly concentrated in the north-west area of *** redundancy analysis results revealed that all environmental factors accounted for approximately 37.6%of the spatial variability in SOC;climate factors,vegetation factors,and soil properties explained 15.0%,1.7%,and 12.3%,*** structural equation model(SEM)further indicated that evapotranspiration,average annual precipitation,and the SWC were the dominant factors affecting SOC accumulation,mainly through direct effects,although indirect effects were also delivered by the vegetation *** together,the results obtained herein updated the SOC data pool

关键词： soil organic carbon desert rangeland SEM analysis driving factors Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China

新疆北疆荒漠群落植被的物种多样性及影响因素研究

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中国草地学报 2023年第7期45卷 49-59页

作者：费诚董乙强安沙舟新疆农业大学草业学院新疆乌鲁木齐830000 贺州学院经济与管理学院广西贺州542800

物种丰富度和多样性对荒漠生态系统的稳定和健康具有重要意义。以新疆北部荒漠群落为研究对象,设置527个野外样点,于2017~2019年期间连续调查取样,探讨北疆荒漠群落物种组成特征和物种多样性分布格局以及气候和海拔因子对物种多样性的... 详细信息

物种丰富度和多样性对荒漠生态系统的稳定和健康具有重要意义。以新疆北部荒漠群落为研究对象,设置527个野外样点,于2017~2019年期间连续调查取样,探讨北疆荒漠群落物种组成特征和物种多样性分布格局以及气候和海拔因子对物种多样性的影响。结果表明:北疆荒漠群落物种多样性水平整体不高,塔城-伊犁荒漠区、阿勒泰荒漠区和昌吉-乌鲁木齐荒漠区的Simpson指数水平低于东天山荒漠区,Patrick指数和Shannon-Wiener指数水平高于东天山荒漠区。昌吉-乌鲁木齐荒漠区Pielou均匀度指数水平相对较低,塔城-伊犁荒漠区、阿勒泰荒漠区和东天山荒漠区均匀度指数水平相当。年均降水量和海拔是影响北疆荒漠物种多样性的主要驱动因子。北疆荒漠具有明显的过渡性和古老性特征,塔城-伊犁荒漠、阿勒泰荒漠和昌吉-乌鲁木齐荒漠物种多样性结构相对复杂,东天山荒漠群落结构相对较为简单,群落丰富度较低。

关键词：北疆荒漠物种组成生物多样性

Effects of Enclosure on Plant and Soil Restoration in the Junggar Desert

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2021年第6期12卷 840-848页

作者： WEI Peng AN shazhou KE Mei LI Chao HOU Yurong LAN Jiyong KANG Shuai JIN Junpeng Grassland Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Animal SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China

Enclosure is commonly used in the restoration of degraded ***,the effects of enclosure on grassland plant and soil restoration remain controversial,particularly in *** assess the effects of enclosure on desert plants and soil properties,using high throughput sequencing,the differences between plants and soil were systematically analyzed before and after enclosure *** soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the three desert flora increased and decreased,but the difference was not significant;enclosure increased plant height,coverage,aboveground biomass,and species richness by 58.99%,59.35%,33.29%,and 51.21%,respectively,in a Seriphidium transiliense formation;by 15.49%,33.52%,20.85%,and 5.13%,respectively,in a Haloxylon persicum formation;and by 83.80%,31.51%,76.66%and 33.33%,respectively,in an Anabasis salsa *** soil bacteria,enclosure significantly increased the average number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon-Wiener index by 12.74% and 2.92%,respectively,under *** formation and by 17.08% and 3.17%,respectively,under *** ***,enclosure had no significant effect on the average number of operational taxonomic units or Shannon-Wiener index under *** *** significantly increased desert plants,soil bacterial diversity,and desert plant community productivity;however,the increase in soil nutrient content was not *** results demonstrate that enclosure is effective for restoring desert ecosystems but may have little effect on the soil nutrient content.

关键词： diversity plant community soil bacteria soil nutrient Junggar Desert

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高枝假木贼的胎生萌发特性及其生态适应

生态学报 2011年第10期31卷 2662-2668页

作者：韩建欣魏岩严成安沙舟新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院乌鲁木齐830052 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐830011

对分布于准噶尔荒漠的超旱生小灌木高枝假木贼的繁殖特性进行研究。结果表明:①高枝假木贼具有胎生繁殖现象。果实于10月成熟后不脱落,冬季被积雪覆盖;种子长(4.175±0.132)mm,宽(3.146±0.109)mm,质量(3.727±0.137)g,胎生现象发生于... 详细信息

对分布于准噶尔荒漠的超旱生小灌木高枝假木贼的繁殖特性进行研究。结果表明:①高枝假木贼具有胎生繁殖现象。果实于10月成熟后不脱落,冬季被积雪覆盖;种子长(4.175±0.132)mm,宽(3.146±0.109)mm,质量(3.727±0.137)g,胎生现象发生于翌年早春积雪融化时(3月上旬—4月上旬);胎生发生阶段空气最高温度为0—15℃,相对湿度为50%—60%。②胎生萌发时,胚根首先突破种皮后,下胚轴快速生长形成棒状胎生幼苗,长度为1—7 cm。③控制实验表明,高枝假木贼种子具有快速萌发特性,在30/15、25/15、20/10、15/5℃温度下,种子遇水6—7 h开始萌发。④高枝假木贼的幼苗具有忍受干燥并在下次水合后能够恢复生长的能力。幼根的长度和干燥时间影响幼苗的生长恢复率。长度在0—1 cm的幼苗通过14 d的干燥,有部分幼苗复水后能继续生长。结果表明:早春充足的雪水和种子快速萌发的特性共同促进了高枝假木贼的胎生繁殖。高枝假木贼的胎萌反映了干旱区荒漠灌木对不利环境的适应策略,在研究植物的生活史进化方面具有重要的理论意义。

关键词：高枝假木贼胎生繁殖环境因子种子萌发幼苗耐干燥特性

典型内陆盆地生态系统服务价值对土地利用变化的响应

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新疆农业科学 2021年第4期58卷 766-777页

作者：张帅汪洋安沙舟新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052

【目的】研究塔里木河流域1990~2018年间土地利用变化下生态系统服务价值时空演变趋势,为干旱区土地资源的可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】基于1990、2000、2010和2018年4期Landsat TM遥感影像,提取土地利用数据并采用修正后生态系统... 详细信息

【目的】研究塔里木河流域1990~2018年间土地利用变化下生态系统服务价值时空演变趋势,为干旱区土地资源的可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】基于1990、2000、2010和2018年4期Landsat TM遥感影像,提取土地利用数据并采用修正后生态系统服务价值系数、空间相关性分析等方法,以典型内陆盆地塔里木河流域为研究区,研究塔里木河流域土地利用与生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem services values,ESV)的时空演变特征。【结果】(1)1990~2018年间塔里木河流域土地利用变化显著,耕地和建设用地表现为增长趋势;高、中、低覆盖度草地,林地和水域呈现减少趋势;建设用地的涨幅最大,水域的降幅最大。(2)流域内ESV总体上呈现下降趋势,由1990年的8728.84×108元减少到2018年的7671.65×108元;2015~2018年ESV减幅最大,其中草地ESV占比最高,达39%以上;单项ESV以调节服务为主,占比在62%以上。【结论】研究区ESV在空间分布上表现为四周高、中间低的特征,且具有显著的空间正向自相关性;ESV增值区域分布在研究区东南部区域,ESV损失区域分布在研究区西部和北部区域。

关键词：土地利用生态系统服务价值生态环境

新疆北疆荒漠群落组成及种间联结与相关性分析

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新疆农业科学 2023年第8期60卷 2055-2065页

作者：费诚董乙强安沙舟新疆农业大学草业学院乌鲁木齐830052 贺州学院经济与管理学院广西贺州542800

【目的】研究新疆北疆荒漠物种的种间联结特征及其对群落演替的影响,为北疆生态系统荒漠植被恢复与生态重建提供理论依据。【方法】使用二元数据关联矩阵模型,利用该模型矩阵计算方差模型(VR),计算北疆荒漠物种总体关联性,计算χ^(2)值... 详细信息

【目的】研究新疆北疆荒漠物种的种间联结特征及其对群落演替的影响,为北疆生态系统荒漠植被恢复与生态重建提供理论依据。【方法】使用二元数据关联矩阵模型,利用该模型矩阵计算方差模型(VR),计算北疆荒漠物种总体关联性,计算χ^(2)值检验其显著性。结合Ochiai、Dice和Jaccard三种指数计算方法,降低指数计算误差,分析荒漠群落物种间的联系与区别。【结果】新疆北疆荒漠草本层和灌木层总体关联性VR>1,66个草本层和22个灌木层物种间呈现正关联。正负联结总数2145个种对,其中正联结率21.63%,不显著联结率66.8%,北疆荒漠区草本层中以不显著联结种对为主。灌木层中,正负联结总数231个种对,其中,正联结种对数60个,占总种数的26%,不显著联结种对占总种数的70.13%。在北疆荒漠区灌木层中以不显著联结种对为主。【结论】新疆北疆荒漠群落种间呈较独立分布的不显著正联结,是物种共同生存的机制之一。呈不显著正关联是北疆荒漠植物群落草本层、灌木以及草本和灌木层总体种间关系的表达。北疆荒漠群落中有较稳定和完善的种组成和群落结构。

关键词：荒漠群落种间联结群落演替

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在市场竞争中注重节能降耗

冶金能源 1994年第1期13卷 51-54页

作者： (shazhou Iron and Steel Group Co. of Jiangsu Prov.) 江苏沙钢集团公司

介绍了江苏沙钢集团公司以参与市场经济竞争为导向，强化节能意识，搞好节能技术改造，建立既有压力又有动力的激励机制，使电炉吨钢冶炼电耗一直在国内同行业中领先的经验。在搞好节能技术改造中，阐述了面向未来，加大节能技改投入；... 详细信息

介绍了江苏沙钢集团公司以参与市场经济竞争为导向，强化节能意识，搞好节能技术改造，建立既有压力又有动力的激励机制，使电炉吨钢冶炼电耗一直在国内同行业中领先的经验。在搞好节能技术改造中，阐述了面向未来，加大节能技改投入；认准节能技改目标，及时投入资金；着眼效益，加快产出；搞好节能小改小革这几个方面的具体做法．

关键词：市场竞争技改投入行业江苏沙钢集团公司市场经济竞争激励机制资金冶炼电耗电炉节能降耗

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药品物流中心消防设计回顾与探讨

医药工程设计 2007年第3期28卷 28-30页

作者：李沙舟中国医药集团重庆医药设计院重庆400042

国药物流北京物流中心是按照超高建筑设计和建设的大型药品物流中心,该建筑具有层高高(24 m)、空间大、货架布置密集、货物摆放高的特点。通过对该工程的水消防设计,探讨超高类仓储式建筑的室内消防用水量的计算、自动喷水系统的方案选... 详细信息

国药物流北京物流中心是按照超高建筑设计和建设的大型药品物流中心,该建筑具有层高高(24 m)、空间大、货架布置密集、货物摆放高的特点。通过对该工程的水消防设计,探讨超高类仓储式建筑的室内消防用水量的计算、自动喷水系统的方案选择及系统设计。

关键词：大型物流建筑消火栓自动喷水设计 EFSR喷头的应用