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Networ. Analysis r.veals A Signaling r.gulator.Loop in PIK3CA-mutated Br.ast Cancer.Pr.dicting Sur.ival Outcome

Genomics, Pr.teomics & Bioinfor.atics 2017年第2期15卷 121-129页

作者： shauna r. mcgee Chabane Tibiche Mar. Tr.fir. Edwin Wang National r.sear.h Council Canada Montreal QC H4P 2R2 Canada Depar.ment of Exper.mental Medicine McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2B2 Canada Center.for.Bioinfor.atics McGill University Montreal QC H3G OB1 Canada Lady Davis Institute for.Medical r.sear.h of the Jewish Gener.l Hospital Montreal QC H3T 1E2 Canada Center.for.Health Genomics and Infor.atics Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Depar.ment of Biochemistr. & Molecular.Biology/Medical Genetics/Oncology University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Alber.a Childr.n's Hospital r.sear.h Institute Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Ar.ie Char.onneau Cancer.r.sear.h Institute Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada O'Br.en Institute for.Public Health Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada

Mutated genes ar. r.r.ly common even in the same pathological type between cancer.patients and as such, it has been ver. challenging to inter.r.t genome sequencing data and difficult to pr.dict clinical outcomes. PIK3 CA is one of a few genes whose mutations ar. r.latively popular.in tumor.. For.example, mor. than 46.6% of luminal-A br.ast cancer.samples have PIK3 CA mutated, wher.as only 35.5% of all br.ast cancer.samples contain PIK3 CA mutations. To under.tand the function of PIK3 CA mutations in luminal A br.ast cancer. we applied our.r.centlypr.posed Cancer.Hallmar. Networ. Fr.mewor. to investigate the networ. motifs in the PIK3CA-mutated luminal A tumor.. We found that mor. than 70% of the PIK3CA-mutated luminal A tumor. contain a positive r.gulator. loop wher. a master.r.gulator.PDGF-D), a second r.gulator.FLT1) and an output node(SHC1) wor. together. Impor.antly, we found the luminal A br.ast cancer.patients har.or.ng the PIK3 CA mutation and this positive r.gulator. loop in their.tumor. have significantly longer.sur.ival than those har.or.ng PIK3 CA mutation only in their.tumor.. These findings suggest that the under.ying molecular.mechanism of PIK3 CA mutations in luminal A patients can par.icipate in a positive r.gulator. loop, and fur.her.or. the positive r.gulator. loop(PDGF-D/FLT1/SHC1) has a pr.dictive power.for.the sur.ival of the PIK3 CAmutated luminal A patients.

关键词： Networ. analysis PIK3CA mutation Networ. motif Br.ast cancer Genome sequencing Sur.ival

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Heter.tr.phic ammonium r.moval char.cter.stics of an aer.bic heter.tr.phic nitr.fying-denitr.fying bacter.um, Pr.videncia r.ttger. YL

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1336-1341页

作者： TAYLOr.shauna M School of Envir.nmental Science and Engineer.ng Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Bacter.um Pr.videncia r.ttger. YL was found to exhibit an unusual ability to heter.tr.phically nitr.fy and aer.bically denitr.fy var.ous concentr.tions of ammonium （NH4^＋-N）. In or.er.to fur.her.under.tand its r.moval ability, sever.l exper.ments wer. conducted to identify the gr.wth and ammonium r.moval r.sponse at differ.nt car.on to nitr.gen （C/N） mass r.tios, shaking speeds, temper.tur.s, ammonium concentr.tions and to qualitatively ver.fy the pr.duction of nitr.gen gas using gas chr.matogr.phy techniques. r.sults showed that under.optimum conditions （C/N 10, 30℃, 120 r.min）, YL can significantly r.move low and high concentr.tions of ammonium within 12 to 48 h of gr.wth, r.spectively. The nitr.fication pr.ducts hydr.xylamine （NHzOH）, nitr.te （NO2^-） and nitr.te （NO3^-） as well as the denitr.fication pr.duct, nitr.gen gas （N2）, wer. detected under.completely aer.bic conditions.

关键词： Pr.videncia r.ttger. YL heter.tr.phic ammonium r.moval aer.bic denitr.fication

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An Ar.bidopsis Lipid Flippase Is r.quir.d for.Timely r.cr.itment of Defenses to the Host- Pathogen Inter.ace at the Plant Cell Sur.ace

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Molecular.Plant 2017年第6期10卷 805-820页

作者： William Under.ood Andr.w r.an shauna C. Somer.ille Ener.y Biosciences Institute Depar.ment of Plant and Micr.bial Biology Univer.ity of Califor.ia Berkeley CA 94720 USA USDA-Ar. r.d r.ver.Valley Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h Center Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit Fargo ND 58102-2765 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego CA 92161 USA

Deposition of cell wall-r.infor.ing papillae is an integr.l component of the plant immune r.sponse. TheAr.bidopsis PENETr.TION 3 （PEN3） ATP binding cassette （ABC） tr.nspor.er.plays a r.le in defense against numer.us pathogens and is r.cr.ited to sites of pathogen detection wher. it accumulates within papillae. However. the tr.fficking pathways and r.gulator. mechanisms contr.buting to r.cr.itment of PEN3 and other.defenses to the host-pathogen inter.ace ar. poor.y under.tood. Her., we r.por. a confocal micr.scopy-based scr.en to identify mutants with alter.d localization of PEN3-GFP after.inoculation with powder. mildew fungi. We identified a mutant, aber.ant localization of PEN3 3 （alp3）, displaying accumulation of the nor.ally plasma membr.ne （PM）-Iocalized PEN3-GFP in endomembr.ne compar.ments. The mutant was found to be disr.pted in the P4-ATPase AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE 3 （ALA3）, a lipid flippase that plays a cr.tical r.le in vesicle for.ation. We pr.vide evidence that PEN3 under.oes continuous endocytic cycling fr.m the PM to the tr.ns-Golgi networ. （TGN）. In alp3, PEN3 accumulates in the TGN, causing delays in r.cr.itment to the host-pathogen inter.ace. Our.r.sults indicate that PEN3 and other.defense pr.teins continuously cycle thr.ugh the TGN and that timely exit of these pr.teins fr.m the TGN is cr.tical for.effective pr.-invasive immune r.sponses against powder. mildews.

关键词： plant-micr.be inter.ctions defense r.sponses pr.tein tr.ffic and secr.tion macr.molecular.tr.fficking papilla ABC tr.nspor.er

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Skeletal muscle activity and CNS neur.-plasticity

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2016年第1期11卷 69-70页

作者： r.chel Zhor.e shauna Dudley-Javor.ski r.char. K.Shields Depar.ment of Physical Ther.py and r.habilitation Science Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa

The systemic health benefits of r.gular.skeletal muscle activity ar. well *** skeletal muscle activity is associated with an impr.ved systemic metabolic state,r.duced incidence of diabetes and obesity,and impr.ved function with *** these known systemic benefits,many healthy people do not meet the r.commended daily dose of skeletal muscle activity（exer.ise）needed to pr.vent systemic metabolic disease,leading to an in-cr.ased pr.valence of obesity.

关键词： plasticity skeletal obesity exer.ise benefits incidence stimulation likely per.xisome neur.nal

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Sur.ival outcomes in ear.y-onset oesophageal adenocar.inoma patients:A systematic r.view and meta-analyses

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2024年第38期30卷 4221-4231页

作者： Ashleigh r.ssell shauna Mitchell r.char. C Tur.ington Helen G Coleman Centr. for.Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT126BAUnited Kingdom Patr.ck G Johnston Centr. for.Cancer.r.sear.h Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

BACKGr.UND The incidence of oesophageal adenocar.inoma(OAC)has been r.por.ed to be incr.asing in many *** this tr.nd,an incr.ase in incidence of ear.y-onset OAC,defined as OAC in adults aged under.50 year.,has been *** is unclear.whether.sur.ival outcomes for.ear.y-onset OAC patients differ.fr.m older.age *** To investigate sur.ival outcomes in ear.y-onset OAC *** Ovid Medline and Embase wer. sear.hed fr.m inception to Januar. 2022 for.r.levant studies r.lating to ear.y-onset OAC and sur.ival *** r.gar.ing the over.ll five-year.sur.ival and r.sk of death of younger.and older.patients with OAC wer. extr.cted and pooled using meta-analyses to pr.duce pooled estimates and 95%CIs wher. *** Eleven studies which compar.d sur.ival of ear.y-onset OAC,defined as age at diagnosis ofr.,with older.patients wer. included.A nar.ative r.view of median and mean sur.ival demonstr.ted conflicting r.sults,with studies showing ear.y-onset OAC patients having both better.and wor.e outcomes compar.d to older.age gr.ups.A meta-analysis of five-year.sur.ival demonstr.ted similar.outcomes acr.ss age gr.ups,with 22%-25%of patients in the young,middle and older.age gr.ups alive after.five year..A meta-analysis of four.studies demon-str.ted that ear.y-onset OAC patients did not have a significantly incr.ased r.sk of death compar.d to middle-aged patients(hazar. r.tio 1.12,95%CI:0.85-1.47).INTr.DUCTION Ther. is concer. that the incidence of oesophageal adenocar.inoma(OAC)in patients under.50,descr.bed as ear.y-onset OAC,is ***,data r.gar.ing sur.ival of younger.patients with OAC is ***,while incr.asing age r.mains a major.non-modifiable r.sk factor.for.cancer.the incidence of ear.y-onset cancer.,lar.ely accepted to be in adults aged under.50 year.,is incr.asing[1].This includes an obser.ed incr.ase in the incidence of gastr.intestinal malignancies such as color.ctal,oesophageal,gastr.c and he

关键词： Ear.y-onset cancer Ear.y-onset oesophageal adenocar.inoma Sur.ival Cancer.epidemiology Systematic r.view Meta-analysis

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Patient per.eptions of stool DNA testing for.pan-digestive cancer.scr.ening:A sur.ey questionnair.

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2014年第17期20卷 4972-4979页

作者： Dennis Yang shauna L Hillman Ann M Har.is Pamela S Sinicr.pe Mar. E Devens David A Ahlquist Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Division of Biostatistics Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Sur.ey r.sear.h Center Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Division of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States

AIM: To explor. patient inter.st in a potential multi-or.an stool-DNA test (MUST) for.pan-digestive cancer.scr.ening.

关键词： Stool-DNA testing Color.ctal cancer.scr.ening Gastr.intestinal cancer.scr.ening Patient per.eptions

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Compar.son of In-Use Oper.ting Costs of Hybr.d-Electr.c and Conventional School Buses

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Jour.al of Tr.nspor.ation Technologies 2012年第2期2卷 158-164页

作者： shauna Hallmar. r.ber. Sper.y Center.for.Tr.nspor.ation r.sear.h and Education Iowa State University Ames USA

Hybr.d-electr.c school buses became available in the US thr.ugh a national consor.ium designed to br.ng hybr.d-electr.c school buses to mar.et by cr.ating enough demand among school distr.cts to encour.ge manufactur.r. to invest in development of the technology. A number.of school distr.cts in the US joined the HESB pr.ject to pur.hase plug-in hybr.d-electr.c school buses. Sixteen hybr.d-electr.c school buses wer. pur.hased and piloted in 11 states. Two of the hybr.d-electr.c school buses wer. pur.hased by the Nevada and Sigour.ey school distr.cts in the state of Iowa, US. In-use fuel economy and electr.city oper.ting costs wer. monitor.d for.the two Iowa hybr.d school buses and two contr.l buses (one in each distr.ct). Fuel consumption and other.oper.tional metr.cs wer. calculated and compar.d for.each school distr.ct. The hybr.d buses wer. deployed in Januar. 2008 and data wer. r.cor.ed thr.ugh May 2010. Valuation of the data indicated that the Nevada HESB had 29.6% better.fuel economy than the contr.l bus and the Sigour.ey HESB had 39.2% better.fuel economy than the contr.l bus. Electr.cal costs per.mile wer. also calculated for.the two hybr.d-electr.c school buses. Total oper.ting costs per.mile wer. calculated based on fuel use per.mile for.all buses and electr.cal costs for.the hybr.d-electr.c school buses. The cost to oper.te the hybr.d bus in Nevada was 37 cents/mile while the contr.l bus cost 42 cents/mile, making the hybr.d bus 13% less expensive to oper.te. The hybr.d bus in Sigour.ey was 27 cents/mile while the contr.l bus was 34 cents/mile, making the hybr.d bus 21% less expensive to oper.te. All values ar. in US dollar..

关键词： Hybr.d Vehicles Fuel Consumption School Bus Ener.y

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Evaluation of Tr.nsver.e Mar.ings as a Speed Tr.nsition Zone Counter.easur.s in Small, r.r.l Communities

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Jour.al of Tr.nspor.ation Technologies 2021年第1期11卷 61-77页

作者： shauna Hallmar. Neal Hawkins Skylar.Knicker.ocker Institute for.Tr.nspor.ation at Iowa State Univer.ity Ames USA

Small r.r.l communities located along major.state or.county r.adways typically find most of the tr.ffic along their.main thor.ughfar.s is pass-thr.ugh r.ther.than local tr.ffic. Unfor.unately, dr.ver. passing thr.ugh these communities often enter.at high r.tes of speeds, which ar. often significantly higher.than the speed limit of the local segment. Speed management in r.r.l ar.as r.quir.s differ.nt consider.tions compar.d to ur.an ar.as and, within the US, r.r.l speed management is not as advanced with little exper.ence or.guidance for.agencies to dr.w on. This paper.summar.zes the r.sults of a study that evaluated, in par., sever.l differ.nt types of tr.nsver.e pavement mar.ings within the speed tr.nsition zones in small r.r.l communities. Thr.e differ.nt counter.easur.s wer. evaluated: conver.ing chevr.ns, tr.nsver.e lane mar.ings, and optical speed bar..

关键词： Community Entr.nce Conver.ing Chevr.ns Optical Speed Bar. Pedestr.an Safety Speed Tr.nsitions Tr.ffic Calming Tr.ffic Safety Speed Management

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The r.le of par.ner. in shaping the body image and body change str.tegies of adult men ——Par.ner. and male body image

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Health 2010年第9期2卷 1002-1009页

作者： Mar.ta P. McCabe shauna McGr.evy 不详

The cur.ent study examined the r.lationship between per.eived messages about the bodies of adult men fr.m their.sexual par.ner. and the actual body image of these men. Inter.iews wer. conducted among 38 middle-aged men. Feedback fr.m par.ner. was gener.lly complimentar., and the men wer. gener.lly positive about their.body image. Par.ner. wer. seen to be mor. focused on a healthy body r.ther.than a physically attr.ctive body. The implications of these findings for.better.under.tanding the social influence on adult men to obtain a healthy body weight ar. discussed.

关键词： Men Body Image Par.ner. Qualitative

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两株异养细菌Pr.videncia r.ttger. YL和Alcaligenes faecalis Nr.除能力的研究

两株异养细菌Providencia rettgeri YL和Alcaligenes faecalis NR...

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作者： shauna Taylor 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

存在于水体中的含氮物质,已经成为很多年里,造成水体污染的主要原因之一。水体中的氮主要以氨氮,亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的形式存在。他们主要是由于工业、农业和市政污水缺少足够的处理,直接排放而进入到水体中,造成了非常严重的环境和健康... 详细信息

存在于水体中的含氮物质,已经成为很多年里,造成水体污染的主要原因之一。水体中的氮主要以氨氮,亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的形式存在。他们主要是由于工业、农业和市政污水缺少足够的处理,直接排放而进入到水体中,造成了非常严重的环境和健康问题。涉及到含氮物质污染的水体主要表现为水中溶解氧好尽,水体毒性增强以及水体的富营养化。为了降低含氮物质对环境的负面影响,找到有效的处理方法是至关重要的。传统的处理方法是在排放到接受水体前,通过活性污泥来降低水中氮的含量。活性污泥法是用在自然界的微生物来降解水中含碳,含氮及含磷的化合物。这些微生物在自然界中,不论是在高或者是低的营养环境里,通过硝化和反硝化来完成降解过程。 Nitr.fication and Denitr.fication硝化和反硝化硝化和反硝化是发生在活细菌细胞中的两个化学反应,是氮循环中的重要组成部分。生物脱氮其实是硝化和反硝化两个步骤。在第一个步骤(硝化),氨氮在有氧的条件下转化成硝态氮,在第2步(反硝化)中,生成的硝氮在缺氧的环境里,被进一步转化为一氧化二氮或氮气。传统意义上,硝化也被认为是两步生化反应过程,两步反应方程如下所示。而这两步反应需要截然不同的两组细菌的催化才能完成。首先,在氨氧化菌(AOB)的作用下,氨氮首先被氧化成亚硝酸氮,然后再在亚硝酸氧化菌(NOB)的作用下,亚硝酸根最终被氧化成硝酸根。NH+ + 3O→NO + HO + 2H NO + O→NO 反硝化是指亚硝酸根或硝酸根转化成氮气或者氮的氧化物的过程。由生物活动实现这个过程的称为生物反硝化,而通过化学减少亚硝酸根或者其他不稳定的氮的化合物则称为化学反硝化。整个反硝化过程是一个循序渐进的过程。NO→NO→X→NO→N其中的X可能是指NO。 Heter.tr.phic Nitr.fication异养细菌硝化 Bock和Wagner.(2003) [15]对异养硝化的定义是在好氧的条件下,氨氮、羟胺或者其它含氨的有机化合物,通过各种类型的化学生物有机体,氧化成亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的过程。在异养反硝化中,生物生长完全依懒于有机质的氧化。除了细菌,其它的微生物也能发生异养反硝化,特别是曲霉菌、青霉菌和放线菌。不同于由自养细菌所发生的反应,异养硝化是一个典型的发生在一个过程中的两级反应,且每级反应中需要的细菌种类也不同。和自养硝化菌相比,大多的异氧硝化菌只有在生长活性期后,才开始作用于亚硝酸根和硝酸根。然而,很多异养硝化菌是有能够氧化氮化合物的能力的。事实上,它们不仅能氧化氨氮、羟胺和亚硝酸根,也能氧化许多有机氮化物。已证实的异养硝化产物包括了:亚硝酸根、硝酸根、氧肟酸、肟、亚硝基和硝基化合物。通常,异养硝化的最终产物是硝酸盐,但是一些异养硝化菌也同时具有反硝化的能力。因此,这一类的细菌能同时把硝酸根还原成氮气或者是其它一些挥发性的氮的化合物。最近的相关研究主要集中在一些能在有机质上,发生生物反硝化作用的异养硝化细菌,因为,这一类型的细菌能够通过形成氮气或者其它含氮气体,来完成整个去除水中溶解氮的过程。 Aer.bic Denitr.fication好氧反硝化好氧反硝化是一个在半好氧或者全好氧的条件下,还原硝酸盐,生成一氧化氮、氧化亚氮和氮气的过程。在很多年里,由于能提供厌氧能量,反硝化一直被认为是一个厌氧过程。在反硝化过程中,第一步:硝酸先被两种酶(膜结合硝酸盐还原酶和细胞周质硝酸盐还原酶)活化,其中膜结合硝酸盐还原酶在好氧条件下作用明显,而细胞周质硝酸盐还原酶主要作用在缺氧的环境中。和有氧呼吸一样,在反硝化过程中,有机物可以完全转化成二氧化碳,而如下所列的异养细菌要么能实现完全的反硝化过程要么能实现部分的反硝化:Achr.mobacter. Acinetobacter. Agr.bacter.um, Alcaligenes, Ar.hr.bacter. Bacillus, Chr.mobacter.um, Cor.nebacter.um, Flavobacter.um, Hypomicr.bium, Mor.xella, Neisser.a, Par.coccus, Pr.pionibacter.um, Pseudomonas, r.izobium, r.odopseudomonas, Spir.llium和Vibr.o。但是大部分的这些细菌在市政污水中含量很低。 r.sear.h Backgr.und (研究背景) 为了调查控制同步硝化和反硝化的条件和反应过程,我们实验室曾进行过一个膜生物反应器的研究。在这项研究里,连续实验是通过控制反应条件和配置的废水所展开的,实验证实整个系统脱氮能力可达80%,并在系统中分离出三种细菌。在对分离出来的细菌中,进一步的实验则证实了它们异氧硝化和好氧反硝化的作用。接下来则要对于

关键词：水体污染富营养化氨氮脱除硝化反应

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