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Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS-CoV-2 infection

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第S01期6卷 S22-S25页

作者： Wilson P.Lao Sarah A.Imam shaun a.nguyen Loma Linda University School of Medicine Loma LindaCAUSA Department of Health and Human Performance The CitadelCharlestonSCUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Introduction As cases of the novel coronavirus,also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Cov-2)continue to rise,the way in which healthcare is practiced has been markedly *** presence of this new threat has changed the paradigm of society as many self-quarantine,socially distance,and avoid contact to mitigate the rapid spread of the *** new evidence regarding SARS-Cov-2 from the World Health O'rganization(WHO)and Central of Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)are reported,medical practice guidelines are in constant flux regarding patient *** the span of the recent weeks,elective surgeries have been cancelled,non-urgent office visits rescheduled,and even practice of physical exams and diagnostic tests have changed.

关键词： markedly acute respiratory

Telehealth in the times of SARS-CoV-2 infection for the otolaryngologist

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第S01期6卷 S49-S53页

作者： Victoria W.Huang Sarah A.Imam shaun a.nguyen Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOHUSA Department of Health and Human Performance The CitadelCharlestonSCUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Objective:In response to the American Academy of Otolaryngology e Head and Neck Surgery’s recommendations to limit patient care activities in the times of SARS-CoV-2,many elective surgeries have been canceled without patient clinics transitioning to virtual *** regulations for telemedicine loosened,new possibilities for the practice of otolaryngology have *** address the uncertain duration of this pandemic,a review was conducted of current literature on use of telemedicine services in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and in previous national emergencies to reveal the role telemedicine can play for otolaryngology *** sources:Pubmed articles with an independent search query were ***:Literature review performed by one author searched for all published Englishlanguage literature on telehealth in the SARS-CoV-2 *** were considered for discussion if they provided relevant developments for telemedicine in the context of the SARSCoV-2 ***:Telemedicine can be up-scaled in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic where exposure containment is of the utmost *** patient interaction possible through virtual communication,telemedicine allows continued patient care while minimizing the risk of viral *** the realm of otolaryngology,telemedicine has been used in the past during disasters with other studies demonstrating high diagnostic concordance with inpatient *** institutions have recognized the potential for such care as they begin utilize both virtual visits and in-person care during this ***:To limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2,we support the AAO-HNS recommendation for the adoption of novel ways to employ telemedicine in this *** emergency departments and health care systems have the infrastructure necessary for synchronous video telemedicine visits that can be leveraged to provide quality care with *** the continued need to socially distance,telemedicine can protect both phys

关键词： Telehealth SARS-CoV-2 Infection Otolaryngologist

Identification of microbial contaminants in sinus rinse squeeze bottles used by allergic rhinitis patients

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019年第1期5卷 26-29页

作者： shaun a.nguyen Marc P.Camilon Rodney J.Schlosser Medical University of South Carolina Department of OtolaryngologyHead&Neck SurgeryCharlestonSCUSA Medical University of South Carolina Department of OtolaryngologyHead&Neck SurgeryCharlestonSCUSARalph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSCUSA

Objective:To identify whether irrigation devices become contaminated when used by patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).Methods:Ten AR patients with no clinical or endoscopic evidence of active sinonasal infection were given a sinus rinse system and instructed on its proper use,cleaning,and *** squeeze bottles (bottle A and bottle B) were given to each patient for twice-a-day *** A was used in the morning and analyzed after four *** B was used in the evening and analyzed after 8 weeks of *** contaminants were cultured from the nose pieces and the inner surface of the bottles obtained from ***:Seventeen sinus rinse devices (17/20) from all individuals in this study grew bacteria commonly in the ***-four bacterial isolates consisting of 14 different species were cultured and identified with most common organisms being bacilli and *** addition,no correlation was apparent between the length of bottle use and the degree of contamination (r =0.13,p =0.76).During the study period,no patient developed acute sinus ***:Microbial contamination of the sinus rinse system occurs commonly,even in uninfected AR patients;however no evidence exists linking this to clinically relevant sinus infections.

关键词： Allergic rhinitis Microbial contaminants Sinus irrigation Sinus rinse Squeeze bottles

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in malignant otitis externa:A systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第4期7卷 296-302页

作者： Young Jae Byun Jaimin Patel shaun a.nguyen Paul R.Lambert Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA University of Central Florida College of Medicine OrlandoFLUSA

Objective:To review the role of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)in the treatment of malignant otitis externa(MOE).Data sources:PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,Science Direct,and Cochrane Library were searched for the following concepts:“hyperbaric oxygen”and“malignant or necrotizing otitis externa.”Methods:Studies were included if they contained(1)patients with reported evidence of MOE,(2)employment of adjuvant HBOT,(3)details on patients’medical condition,and(4)documented survival *** information included patient demographics,underlying medical conditions,infectious etiology,signs and symptoms,medical and surgical treatments,duration of medical treatment,mean follow up time,HBOT setting,number of HBOT sessions,complications,survival rate,and all-cause ***:A total of 16 studies comprising 58 patients(mean age 68.0 years)were *** was present in 94.7%of cases and Pseudomonas spp(64.3%)was the most common infectious *** nerve VII was involved in 55.2%of ***,the disease cure rate with adjuvant HBOT was 91.4%and all-cause mortality was 8.6%.Among those who had cranial nerve VII involvement,72.0%had return of function and 93.8%of them ***:HBOT may be an effective treatment option for refractory or advanced MOE but its efficacy remains unproven due to lack of strong scientific ***,its therapeutic value should not be underestimated given good results and few adverse events reported in this study.

关键词： Malignant otitis externa Necrotizing otitis externa Diabetes mellitus Hyperbaric oxygen Therapy Osteomyelitis

Nasal endoscopy protocols in the era of COVID-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第S01期6卷 S33-S35页

作者： Jacob Fried Sarah A.Imam Joshua A.Lee shaun a.nguyen Jacobs School of Medicine at University of Buffalo BuffaloNYUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Health and Human Performance The CitadelCharlestonSCUSA

Introduction COVID-19,the respiratory illness caused by the novel SARSCoV-2 virus has rapidly emerged as a serious global health *** of March 12,2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)has declared this virus a pandemic.1 In the United States,there have been 35,841 cases diagnosed and 465 deaths,with both prevalence and mortality continuing to escalate.2 The WHO and has enacted various protocols for healthcare institutions internationally in an attempt to slow the spread of disease,3 including adjustments for procedures performed by *** paper aims to review the current literature pertaining to adjustments in nasal endoscopy protocols and appropriate precautions in the era of COVID-19.

关键词： endoscopy mortality respiratory

Is the incidence of anaplastic thyroid cancer increasing: A population based epidemiology study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019年第1期5卷 34-40页

作者： Tyler A.Janz David M.Neskey shaun a.nguyen Eric J.Lentsch Medical University of South Carolina 135 Rutledge Ave.CharlestonSC.29425USA

Objective:To provide an understanding of the incidence of anaplastic thyroid cancer within the United ***:Patients in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results (SEER) database were included from 1973 to 2014 based on a diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer using ICDO-3 *** were categorized into cohorts based on their year of ***:1527 patients were diagnosed with anaplastic thyroid cancer within the SEER 18 *** age-adjusted incidence rate was 0.2 per 1,000,000 people (95% CI:0.0-0.5) in 1973 and was 1.2 per 1,000,000 people (95% Cl:0.8-1.6) in 2014 (average annual percent change:3.0% [95% CI:2.2%-3.7%]).Patients tended to be of older age (mean age:70.5 [range 15.0-102.0]),of female sex (62.8%),and Caucasian (81.1%).Finally,survival over time remained the same,as median disease specific survival months was 4.00 (95% CI:2.26-5.74) from 1995 to 1999 and 4.00 (95% Cl:3.26-4.74) from 2010 to ***:The incidence rate of anaplastic thyroid cancer has increased from 1973 to ***,median survival in months did not greatly change *** on this increasing incidence,physicians must act appropriately to identify patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer as it possesses a high morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Anaplastic thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer Head and neck Head and neck endocrine surgery Head and neck oncology

Are demographics associated with mucoepidermoid or acinic cell carcinoma parotid malignancies in children?

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019年第4期5卷 222-227页

作者： Tyler A.Janz Eric J.Lentsch shaun a.nguyen Clarice S.Clemmens University of Texas Medical Branch GalvestonTX77550USA University of Central Florida College of Medicine OrlandoFL32827USA Medical University of South Carolina CharlestonSC29425USA

Objective:To identify possible associations between patient demographics and parotid cancer histological type in pediatric ***:Pediatric patients(ages:birth-18.0 years)in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database were included from 1973 to 2014 based on a diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma or acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland using the ICD O-3 codes of C07.9 and 8430 or *** were classified into the following cohorts:<14 and 14-18 years of age based on the mean age at ***:Three hundred and three pediatric patients were diagnosed with mucoepidermoid carcinoma or acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland within the SEER 18 *** pediatric patients 14-18 years of age were 7.68 times more likely to have an acinic cell carcinoma(adjusted OR:7.68[95%Cl:2.01-29.44]).When stratified by histological type,58.9%of female pediatric patients≥14 years of age had an acinic cell carcinoma as compared to 37.3%of male pediatric patients≥14 years of age,36.5%of female pediatric patients<14 years of age,and 34.0%of male pediatric patients<14 years of age(P=0.01).Conclusions:Based on this study,pediatric female patients between the ages of 14 and 18 years are the most likely cohort to have acinic cell *** results of this study may assist providers during the work up of a pediatric patient with a suspected parotid malignancy.

关键词： Pediatric parotid cancer Head and neck surgery Pediatric otolaryngology Level of evidence:4

Predictors of occult lymph node metastasis in cutaneous head and neck melanoma

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019年第4期5卷 200-206页

作者： Jonathan S.Ni Tyler A.Janz shaun a.nguyen Eric J.Lentsch Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston SC USA

Objective:To use the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database to verify the findings of a recent National Cancer Database(NCDB)study that identified factors predicting occult nodal involvement in cutaneous head and neck melanoma(CHNM)while identifying additional predictors of occult nodal metastasis and comparing two distinct cancer ***:Cases of CHNM in the SEER database diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 were *** information and oncologic data were *** and multivariate analysis were performed to identify factors associated with pathologic nodal ***:There were 34002 patients with CHNM *** this population,16232 were clinically node-negative,1090 of which were found to be pathologically *** multivariate analysis,factors associated with an increased risk of occult nodal metastasis included increasing depth of invasion(stepwise increase in adjusted odds ratio[OR]),nodular histology(aOR:1.47[95%CI:1.21-1.80]),ulceration(aOR:1.74[95%CI:1.48-2.05]),and mitoses(aOR:1.86[95%CI:1.36-2.54]).Factors associated with a decreased risk of occult nodal metastasis included female sex(aOR:0.80[0.67-0.94])and desmoplastic histology(aOR:0.37[95%CI:0.24-0.59]).Between the SEER database and the NCDB,factors associated with occult nodal involvement were similar except for nodular histology and female sex,which did not demonstrate significance in the ***:Regarding clinically node-negative CHNM,the SEER database and the NCDB have similarities in demographic information but differences in baseline population sizes and tumor characteristics that should be considered when comparing findings between the two databases.

关键词： Head and neck melanoma Lymph node metastasis Occult nodal metastasis Sentinel lymph node biopsy

Is SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) postviral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) different from other PVOD?

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第S01期6卷 S26-S32页

作者： Sarah A.Imam Wilson P.Lao Priyanka Reddy shaun a.nguyen Rodney J.Schlosser Department of Health and Human Performance The CitadelCharlestonSCUSA Loma Linda University School of Medicine Loma LindaCAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Background:The SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to spread rapidly across the globe af-flicting many with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).As the infection rates rise,a growing number of SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals have been reported to complain of olfactory distur-bances at an alarming *** olfactory dysfunction(PVOD)is a well-known phenome-non that may explain the olfactory dysfunction reported by SARS-CoV-2 infected ***:A scoping literature review was performed to identify studies that investigated the mechanisms of postviral olfactory *** demonstrating pathophysiological,his-tological,immunochemical,and epidemiological outcomes of PVOD were ***:Fourteen studies were included in addition to one international news *** studies reported destruction of the olfactory epithelium following intranasal inoculation of various viral strains in *** studies isolated pathogenic,anosmia inciting viruses(Para-influenza virus,Human Coronavirus,Rhinovirus)through nucleic acid *** studies demonstrated female predilection in patients with PVOD and COVID-19 associated ol-factory dysfunction,of which the majority were over 50 years ***:PVOD and COVID-19 associated olfactory dysfunction demonstrates considerable similarities in epidemiological trends and disease sequela of other viruses to suggest identical pathophysiological *** studies such as intranasal inoculation and histological biopsies are needed to support our hypothesis.

关键词： Olfaction Olfactory disorders UPSIT SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) Postviral olfactory dysfunction