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Going “paperless” in an English National Health Service (NHS) breast cancer screening service: The intriduction of fully digital mammography

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Health 2014年第5期6卷 468-474页

作者： Sian Taylor-Phillips Amy Grove sharon hoffmeister Margot Wheaton Sarah Coult Joanne Essex Janice Hackney Sandra Di Cioccio Aileen Clarke Warwick Medical School Division of Health Sciences The University of Warwick Coventry UK Warwick Medical School Division of Health Sciences The University of Warwick Coventry UK Warwickshire Solihull & Coventry Breast Screening Unit University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust Coventry UK

Objective: To test the feasibility of a fully paperless system, termed “paperlite” in a UK breast screening service. To demonstrate in NHS practice, how workload and workflow could be improved by moving to a paperless system and discovering what impact this has upon the complexity within the service. Setting: Warwickshire, Solihull and Coventry Breast Screening Service in the West Midlands of England. Methods: Quality improvement methodologies were employed, including value stream mapping, task analysis and a time-and-motion study. Results: The screening centred screened approximately 50,000 women per year. If they were to implement a paperless system, the administrative workload would decrease. The time saving per batch of screens, which could be achieved by moving to the paperless system ranged from 19 to 56 minutes (mean = 36 minutes). When calculated by batch the mean time saving per woman screened by moving to the paperless system was 42 seconds. This equates to 583 hours of administrative work per year in a centre screening 50,000 women. Conclusions: The paperless system has many benefits compared to the original system in terms of reductions in waste, time and cost. The simplification and standardisation of the process resulted in fewer tasks and interfaces where errors could occur, hence inadvertently improving patient safety. The limitation of the work is the heavy reliance on technology, live interfacing with computer databases and software stability is necessary for a paperless system to be used in NHS practice.

关键词： Paperless Breast Screening Quality Improvement Process Improvement

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： sharon J.Brown Rafael J.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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Role of farnesoid X receptor and bile acids in alcoholic liver disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 158-167页

作者： sharon Manley Wenxing Ding Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and Therapeutics the University of Kansas Medical Center

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is one of the major causes of liver morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chronic alcohol consumption leads to development of liver pathogenesis encompassing steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and in extreme cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover,ALD may also associate with cholestasis. Emerging evidence now suggests that farnesoid X receptor(FXR) and bile acids also play important roles in ALD. In this review, we discuss the effects of alcohol consumption on FXR, bile acids and gut microbiome as well as their impacts on ALD. Moreover, we summarize the findings on FXR, Fox O3a(forkhead box-containing protein class O3a) and PPARα(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha) in regulation of autophagy-related gene transcription program and liver injury in response to alcohol exposure.

关键词： Farnesoid X receptor Bile acids Autophagy Alcoholic liver disease FoxO3

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Hotspot of Adult Cuban Treefrog and Cane Toad Multi-organ Abnormality in Suburban South-west Florida

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第2期11卷 139-154页

作者： sharon Pratt ANZALDUA Javier GOLDBERG Private University 27427 Horne Ave Bonita SpringsFlorida 34135USA Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA(IBIGEO-CONICET) CCT-Salta9 de Julio 14Rosario de LermaSalta 4405Argentina

This study represents a continuation of the Florida hotspot of tadpole abnormality found in the Southwest Florida suburban roadside drainage ditches in 2012 to determine if the adult frogs and toads frequenting the study sites were anatomically *** gross examination of all organs included 397 adult anurans and 40 metamorphs representing five anuran species:Osteopilus septentrionalis(N=364),Rhinella marina(N=60),Lithobates sphenocephala(N=7),Anaxyrus terrestris(N=5)and Anaxyrus americanus(N=1).The gonads,liver,kidney and intestines were abnormal at a frequency of 87.4%.The few normal anurans(12.6%)were females and young male *** found a significant difference in organ abnormality type and f requency between *** all f rog and toad males had testicular abnormality(92%)with only 6%with normal testes,whereas the female gonad abnormality was lower,at 41.6%.Hermaphroditism was found in both sexes at a frequency of 26.2%.The toads had a significantly higher frequency of hermaphroditism than the *** toad hermaphroditism frequency was found to be 40%,whereas the frog hermaphroditism 23.3%.A hermaphrodite Cane toad male with a female phenotype coexisted with the normal male phenotype *** fertility of 27 in situ pairs was *** fertile testicular abnormal male and hermaphrodite pairs produced offspring with abnormal larval *** information adds new evidence of the effect of chemicals on wild populations and the effect on non-target species which has always been underestimated.

关键词： gonad hermaphrodite malformation Osteopilus septentrionalis Rhinella marina

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MULTIFAMILY AFFORDABLE HOUSING THAT IS HEALTHY,EFFICIENT,COST EFFECTIVE AND LEED PLATINUM

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Journal of Green Building 2017年第1期12卷 36-44页

作者： sharon Patterson Grant Eco Edge.PO Box 6205 KetchumID 83340

INTRODUCTION A developer who had chronic asthma as a child built the first LEED^(■)(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)Platinum certified apartment complex in *** has also heard from two residents that their asthma no longer resulted in attacks due to eliminating triggers in the interior *** years and a dozen multifamily affordable housing projects later,the LEED consultant on these projects has gathered insight on best practices,lessons learned and strate-gies that result in resident,owner and project team *** projects have achieved LEED Platinum certification(two more are still under construction,but are on track for Platinum),and the HERS(Home Energy Rating System)scores are as low as *** has been collected on what works,what doesn’t and what matters most:from low energy bills to living in a healthy home and not having asthma *** projects debunk the assumptions that energy effi-ciency adds too much cost or that green homes are only for the wealthy.

关键词： LEED healthy homes energy efficient cost effective asthma affordable housing green building integrated design design charrette high performance

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Pilot testing of CO_(2) capture from a coal-fired power plant-Part 1:Sorbent characterization

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Clean Energy 2019年第2期3卷 144-162页

作者： sharon Sjostrom and Constance Senior ADA-ES-Inc. 640 Plaza DriveSuite 270Highlands RanchCO 80129USA

Post-combustion CO_(2)capture followed by sequestration is one of the only feasible means to significantly reduce CO_(2)emissions from existing fossil-fuel-fired power *** paper is Part 1 of a two-part paper highlighting key results from a project sponsored by the US Department of Energy and supported by industrial groups with the objective of demonstrating the viability of solid sorbents for CO_(2)*** overall objective of the effort was to validate solid sorbent-based post-combustion CO_(2)capture through slipstream pilot testing at a coal-fired power plant using a temperature-swing adsorption *** Part 1 of this work,the results from laboratory characterization of the sorbent selected for the pilot-scale demonstration are presented.A great deal of research related to sorbent development and evaluation has occurred to date but,for the most part,these promising materials have yet to be paired with a feasible process and demonstrated at the pilot *** sorbent selected for pilot-scale evaluation under this project consisted of an ion-exchange resin that incorporated amines that were covalently bonded to the *** the sorbent characterization portion of this work,the sorbent was characterized by a range of methods intended to provide information to support the design and operation of the pilot-scale CO_(2)-capture process,including equilibrium adsorption isotherms,adsorption and regeneration kinetics,impact of moisture and oxygen on CO_(2)working capacity,sorbent thermal properties,sorbent strength and attrition,and optimum particle-size *** paper reports results from sorbent characterization testing and how these characteristics influenced the type and size of the CO_(2)-capture process *** Part 2 of this work,results from tests of 1-MWe pilot-scale process equipment loaded with the sorbent described in Part 1 will be presented and analysed.

关键词： CO_(2)capture coal-fired power plant solid sorbent temperature-swing adsorption

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Pilot testing of CO_(2) capture from a coal-fired power plant-Part 2:Results from 1-MWe pilot tests

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Clean Energy 2020年第1期4卷 12-25页

作者： sharon Sjostrom Constance Senior ADA-ES-Inc. 640 Plaza DriveSuite 270Highlands RanchCO 80129USA

Using a 1-MWe slipstream pilot plant,solid-sorbent-based post-combustion CO_(2) capture was tested at a coal-fired power *** from pilot testing were used to develop a preliminary full-scale commercial *** sorbent selected for pilot-scale evaluation during this project consisted of an ion-exchange resin that incorporated amines covalently bonded to the substrate.A unique temperature-swing-absorption(TSA)process was developed that incorporated a three-stage fluidized-bed adsorber integrated with a single-stage fluidized-bed ***,following start-up and commissioning challenges that are often associated with first-of-a-kind pilots,the pilot plant operated as designed and expected,with a few key *** two primary exceptions were associated with:(i)handling characteristics of the sorbent,which were sufficiently different at operating temperature than at ambient temperature when design specifications were established with lab-scale testing;and(ii)CO_(2) adsorption in the transport line between the regenerator and adsorber that preloaded the sorbent with CO_(2) prior to entering the *** from the pilot programme demonstrate that solid-sorbent-based post-combustion capture can be utilized to achieve 90%CO_(2) capture from coal-fired power plants.

关键词： CO_(2)capture coal-fired power plant CCS solid sorbent temperature-swing adsorption

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Structural evolution-enabled BiFeO3 modulated by strontium doping with enhanced dielectric,optical and superparamagnetic properties by a modified sol-gel method

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第3期32卷 521-530页

作者： sharon V S Veena Gopalan E Malini K A Department of Physics Vimala College Thrissur-9 KeralaIndia

Multiferroic(BFO)nanoparticles doped with strontium with the general formula Bi1-xSrx FeO3(x=0,0.3,0.5,0.7)were synthesized using a modified sol-gel auto-combustion *** structural,electrical,optical,and magnetic properties of the samples are *** structural analysis,carried out using the x-ray powder diffraction technique,shows a structural transition from rhombohedral(R-3c)to cubic(Pm-3m)for the doping amount of strontium(Sr)equal to x=*** analysis of the prepared samples were carried out using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Frequency-dependent dielectric constant and ac conductivity were *** doped samples,with improved dielectric properties,can be used to fabricate different optoelectronic *** dielectric dispersion and broad relaxation were exhibited by all the ***–Cole plots were employed as an effective tool to study the dispersion parameters,namely,the optical dielectric constant,static dielectric constant,relaxation time,and spreading *** activation energy was calculated from the relaxation peaks and Cole–Cole plots,which were found to be compatible with each *** bandgap of the samples was calculated using diffuse reflectance spectral(DRS)*** and strong photoluminescence in the IR region was observed in the samples,similar to ZnO,which was reported for the first ***-temperature and low-temperature magnetization studies point towards the superparamagnetic nature of the samples,with an improvement in magnetic properties with *** antiferromagnetic behavior of bulk bismuth ferrite transforms to superparamagnetic in nature for both pure and Sr-substituted bismuth ferrite nanoparticles due to the close dimensions of crystallite size with magnetic domains leading to the break-down of the frustrated spin cycloidal moment.

关键词： multiferroics sol-gel process x-ray spectra optical and dielectric properties

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Molecular mechanisms underpinning sarcomas and implications for current and future therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第7期6卷 2135-2153页

作者： Victoria Damerell Michael SPepper sharon Prince Division of Cell Biology Department of Human BiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownObservatoryCape TownSouth Africa lnstitute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of ImmunologySAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and TherapyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

Sarcomas are complex mesenchymal neoplasms with a poor *** clinical management is highly challenging due to their heterogeneity and insensitivity to current *** there have been advances in understanding specific genomic alterations and genetic mutations driving sarcomagenesis,the underlying molecular mechanisms,which are likely to be unique for each sarcoma subtype,are not fully *** is in part due to a lack of consensus on the cells of origin,but there is now mounting evidence that they originate from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).To identify novel treatment strategies for sarcomas,research in recent years has adopted a mechanism-based search for molecular markers for targeted therapy which has included recapitulating sarcomagenesis using in vitro and in vivo MSC *** review provides a comprehensive up to date overview of the molecular mechanisms that underpin sarcomagenesis,the contribution of MSCs to modelling sarcomagenesis in vivo,as well as novel topics such as the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition(EMT)/mesenchymal-to-epithelial-transition(MET)plasticity,exosomes,and microRNAs in *** also reviews current therapeutic options including ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies for targeted sarcoma therapy and discusses new therapeutic avenues such as targeting recently identified molecular pathways and key transcription factors.

关键词： sarcoma neoplasms alterations

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IGF-1R as an anti-cancer target—trials and tribulations

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第5期32卷 242-252页

作者： Helen X. Chen Elad sharon Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program National Cancer Institute

Type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) has long been recognized for its role in tumorigenesis and growth, but only recently have the tools for targeting the IGF pathway become available. More than 10 IGF/IGF-1R inhibitors have entered clinical trials, and these belong to three main classes: (1) monoclonal antibodies against IGF-1R, (2) monoclonal antibodies against IGF-1R ligands (IGF-1 and IGF- 2), and (3) IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These IGF-1R-targeting agents share common effects on IGF-1R signaling but differ in mechanisms of action, spectrum of target inhibition, and pharmacological features. Clinical activity of IGF-1R inhibitors has been demonstrated with sustained responses in a small number of patients with select tumor types, such as Ewing sarcoma and thymoma. However, many large clinical trials involving patients with adult tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer, failed to show clinical benefit in the overall patient population. Possible reasons for failure include the complexity of the IGF-1R/insulin receptor system and parallel growth and survival pathways, as well as a lack of patient selection markers. While IGF-1R remains a valid target for selected tumor types, identification of predictive markers and rational combinations will be critical to success in future development.

关键词： IGF-1 酪氨酸激酶抑制剂胰岛素样生长因子生长因子受体单克隆抗体肿瘤发生临床试验抗癌

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