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A T follicular helper cell origin for T regulatory type 1 cells

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第5期20卷 489-511页

作者： Patricia Solé Jun Yamanouchi Josep Garnica Muhammad Myn Uddin Robert Clarke Joel Moro Nahir Garabatos shari thiessen Mireia Ortega Santiswarup Singha Debajyoti Mondal César Fandos Julio Saez-Rodriguez Yang Yang Pau Serra Pere Santamaria Institut D'investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer BarcelonaSpain Department of Microbiology Immunology and Infectious DiseasesSnyder Institute for Chronic DiseasesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Institute of Computational Biomedicine Faculty of MedicineHeidelberg University HeidelbergGermany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada.

Chronic antigenic stimulation can trigger the differentiation of antigen-experienced CD4+T cells into T regulatory type 1(TR1)cells,a subset of interleukin-10-producing Treg cells that do not express *** identities of the progenitor(s)and transcriptional regulators of this T-cell subset remain ***,we show that the peptide-major histocompatibility complex class Il(pMHCll)monospecific immunoregulatory T-cell pools that arise in vivo in different genetic backgrounds in response to pMHCll-coated nanoparticles(pMHCll-NPs)are invariably comprised of oligoclonal subpools of T follicular helper(TFH)and TR1 cells with a nearly identical clonotypic composition but different functional properties and transcription factor expression *** analyses of scRNAseq data and multidimensional mass cytometry revealed progressive downregulation and upregulation of TFH and TR1 markers,***,pMHCIl-NPs trigger cognate TR1 cell formation in TFH cell-transfused immunodeficient hosts,and T-cell-specific deletion of Bcl6 or Irf4 blunts both the TFH expansion and TR1 formation induced by *** contrast,deletion of Prdm1 selectively abrogates the TFH-to-TR1 ***6 and Prdm1 are also necessary for anti-CD3 mAbinduced TR1 ***,TFH cells can differentiate into TR1 cells in vivo,and BLIMP1 is a gatekeeper of this cellular reprogramming event.

关键词： T-regulatory type 1(TR1)cells autoimmunity T follicular helper(TFH)cells transdifferentiation nanomedicine

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Gastrointestinal symptoms,pathophysiology,and treatment in COVID-19

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第4期8卷 385-400页

作者： Jilei Zhang shari Garrett Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA UIC Cancer Center University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

The novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has emerged and is responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 global ***-onaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2,are strongly associated with respiratory symptoms during infection,but gastrointestinal symptoms,such as diarrhea,vomiting,nausea,and abdominal pain,have been identified in subsets of COVID-19 *** article focuses on gastrointes-tinal symptoms and pathophysiology in COVID-19 *** suggests that the gastroin-testinal tract could be a viral target for SARS-CoV-2 *** only is the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 highly expressed in the GI tract and is associated with digestive symptoms,but bleeding and inflammation are observed in the intestine of COVID-19 *** further systemically summarize the correlation between COVID-19 dise ase,gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal *** potential oral-fecal transmission of COVID-19 was supported by viral RNA and live virus detection in the feces of COVID-19 ***,the viral bal-ance in the GI tract could be disordered during SARS-CoV-2 infection which could further impact the homeostasis of the gut microbial ***,we discuss the cdinical and ongoing trials of treatments/therapies,including antiviral drugs,plasma transfusion and immunoglob-ulins,and diet supplementations for *** reviewing the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 virus,and understanding the correlation among COVID-19,inflammation,intestinal microbiota,and lung microbiota,we provide perspective in prevention and control,as well as diagnosis and treatment of the COVID-19 disease.

关键词： ACE-2 COVID-19 Cytokine GI symptoms Inflammation Microbiota SARS-CoV-2 Vitamin D

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INVERSE BORN SERIES FOR SCALAR WAVES

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第6期30卷 601-614页

作者： Kimberly Kilgore shari Moskow John C. Schotland Department of Mathematics Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Department of Mathematics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

We consider the inverse scattering problem for scalar waves. We analyze the conver- gence of the inverse Born series and study its use in numerical simulations for the case of a spherically-symmetric medium in two and... 详细信息

关键词： Inverse scattering.

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The effect of nanoparticles on wettability alteration for enhanced oil recovery: micromodel experimental studies and CFD simulation

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Petroleum Science 2019年第4期16卷 859-873页

作者： Peyman Rostami Mohammad shari Babak Aminshahidy Jalal Fahimpour Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology

The applications of nanotechnology in oilfields have attracted the attention of researchers to nanofluid injection as a novel approach for enhanced oil recovery. To better understand the prevailing mechanisms in such new displacement scenarios,micromodel experiments provide powerful tools to visually observe the way that nanoparticles may mobilize the trapped *** this work, the e ect of silicon oxide nanoparticles on the alteration of wettability of glass micromodels was investigated in both experimental and numerical simulation approaches. The displacement experiments were performed on the original water-wet and imposed oil-wet(after aging in stearic acid/n-heptane solution) glass micromodels. The results of injection of nanofluids into the oil-saturated micromodels were then compared with those of the water injection scenarios. The flooding scenarios in the micromodels were also simulated numerically with the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method. A good agreement between the experimental and simulation results was observed. An increase of 9% and 13% in the oil recovery was obtained by nanofluid flooding in experimental tests and CFD calculations, respectively.

关键词： Nanoparticles Micromodel Wettability alteration Oil recovery CFD calculation

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Characteristics of CO_2 sequestration in saline aquifers

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Petroleum Science 2010年第1期7卷 83-92页

作者： Yang Fang Bai Baojun Tang Dazhen shari Dunn-Norman David Wronkiewicz School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65401USA

Storage of CO2 in saline aquifers is a viable option for reducing the amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. This paper provides an overall review of CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. First, the principles of CO2 sequestration are presented, including CO2 phase behavior, CO2-water-rock interaction, and CO2 trapping mechanisms. Then storage capacity and CO2 injectivity are discussed as the main determinants of the storage potential of saline aquifers. Next, a site section process is addressed considering basin characteristics, reservoir characteristics, and economic and social concerns. Three main procedures are then presented to investigate the suitability of a site for CO2 sequestration, including site screening, detailed site characterization, and pilot field-scale test. The methods for these procedures are also presented, such as traditional site characterization methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulation. Finally, some operational aspects of sequestration are discussed, including well type, injection rate, CO2 purity, and injection strategy.

关键词： CO2 sequestration saline aquifer site selection screening criteria geological storage storage capacity

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Achievements and policy trends of extended producer responsibility for plastic packaging waste in Europe

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2022年第2期4卷 91-103页

作者： shari Lorang Zhan Yang Hua Zhang Fan Lü Pinjing He College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China

The vastly increasing generation of plastic packaging waste has outgrown the infrastructure capacity to manage this waste effectively,resulting in critical aquatic and terrestrial *** 1994,the European Commission implemented the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive 94/62/EC,responding to growing concerns regarding the environmental impact of packaging and safe waste *** study analyses how Germany,Spain,France,Italy,and Poland—the five most populous countries in the EU(European Union)—manage their plastic packaging waste,and evaluates their established Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR)schemes,which are mandatory for all EU Member States by the end of *** research shows that EPR schemes improve the financial and operational viability of plastic waste management in the scope countries,resulting in higher collection and recycling ***-back requirements can incentivise producers to put less plastic packaging on the market,and advanced disposal fees can encourage *** Producer Responsibility Organisation plays a crucial role in both producer and consumer awareness,and in ensuring that plastic waste is safely ***,the local recycling infrastructure of 6.5 Mt in 2018 is a major barrier to reaching 50%recycling of plastic packaging in the EU by *** European recycling capacity only covered about 23%of the cumulative post-consumer plastic waste generation,delaying the transition to the EU circular plastic *** recycling capacity has increased by 3 Mt between 2018 and 2020 and needs to continue its rapid expansion to become autonomous in reaching the recycling targets.

关键词： Extended producer responsibility Plastic packaging EU plastics strategy Plastic waste management Recycling

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Novel therapy for non-cirrhotic hyperammonemia due to a spontaneous splenorenal shunt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8288-8291页

作者： shari S Rogal Angela Hu Rupal Bi Obaid Shaikh Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pitts-burgh PA 15213 United States Department of Radiology Veterans Affairs Pitts-burgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh PA 15240 United States Division of Gastroenterology Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh PA 15240 United States

Spontaneous splenorenal shunts in the absence of cirrhosis have rarely been reported as a cause hyperammonemia with encephalopathy. Several closure techniques of such lesions have been described. Here we report a case of a patient with no history of liver disease who developed significant confusion. After an extensive workup, he was found to have hyperammonemia and encephalopathy due to formation of a spontaneous splenorenal shunt. There was no evidence of cirrhosis on biopsy or imaging and no portal hypertension when directly measured. The shunt was 18 mm and too large for embolization so the segment of the splenic vein between the portal vein and the shunt was occluded using an Amplatzer plug. Thus, the superior mesenteric flow was directed entirely to the liver. After interventional radiology closure of the shunt using this technique there was complete resolution of *** case represents the first report of a successful closure of splenorenal shunt via percutaneous embolization of the splenic vein with an amplatzer plug using a common femoral vein approach.

关键词： Splenorenal shunt Gastric bypass Hyperammonemia Encephalopathy

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Rapid improvement in post-infectious gastroparesis symptoms with mirtazapine

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6671-6674页

作者： Shinjini Kundu shari Rogal Abdulkader Alam David J Levinthal Medical Scientist Training Program University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15261United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA 15213United States Department of Psychiatry Stony Brook University HospitalStony BrookNY 11794United States

We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with severe post-infectious gastroparesis who was transferred from an outside medical facility for a second opinion regarding management. This patient had no prior history of gastrointestinal symptoms. However, in the aftermath of a viral illness, she developed two months of intractable nausea, vomiting, and oral intake intolerance that resulted in numerous hospitalizations for dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. A solid-phase gastric emptying scan had confirmed delayed emptying, confirming gastroparesis. Unfortunately, conventional pro-kinetic agents and numerous anti-emetic drugs provided little or no relief of the patient’s symptoms. At our institution, the patient experienced a cessation of vomiting, reported a significant reduction in nausea, and tolerated oral intake shortly after taking mirtazapine. Based on mirtazapine’s primary action as a serotonin (5-HT) 1a receptor agonist, we infer that this receptor system mediated the clinical improvement through a combination of peripheral and central neural mechanisms. This report highlights the potential utility of 5-HT1a agonists in the management of nausea and vomiting. We conclude that mirtazapine may be effective in treating symptoms associated with non-diabetic gastroparesis that are refractory to conventional therapies.

关键词： Nausea Vomiting Gastroparesis Symptoms Mirtazapine Anti-emetics

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Data–driven decision–making for lost circulation treatments: A machine learning approach

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Energy and AI 2020年第2期2卷 125-135页

作者： Husam H.Alkinani Abo Taleb T.Al-Hameedi shari Dunn-Norman Missouri University of Science and Technology 1201 N State StRollaMO 65409USA

Lost circulation is an expensive and critical problem in the drilling *** of dollars are spent every year to mitigate or stop this *** this work,data from over 3000 wells were collected from multiple *** data went through a processing step where all outliers were removed and decision rules were set *** machine learning methods(support vector machine,decision trees,logistic regression,artificial neural networks,and ensemble trees)were used to create a model that can predict the best lost circulation treatment based on the type of loss and the reason of loss.5-fold cross-validation was conducted to ensure no overfitting in the created *** using all the aforementioned machine learning methods to train models to choose the best lost circulation treatment,overall,the results showed that support vector machine had the highest accuracy among the other ***,it was selected to train the *** created model went through quality control/quality assurance(QC/QA)to limit the results of incorrect *** treatments were suggested to treat partial loss,four to treat severe loss,and seven for complete loss,based on the reason of *** addition,a formalized methodology to respond to lost circulation was provided to help the drilling personnel handling lost circulation in the field.

关键词： Machine learning Lost circulation Data-driven Classification

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Integrated watershed management:evolution,development and emerging trends

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 967-994页

作者： Guangyu Wang shari Mang Haisheng Cai Shirong Liu Zhiqiang Zhang Liguo Wang John L.Innes Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agriculture University Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of EducationBeijing Forestry University

Watershed management is an ever-evolving practice involving the management of land, water, biota, and other resources in a defined area for ecological, social, and economic purposes. In this paper, we explore the following questions： How has watershed management evolved？ What new tools are available and how can they be integrated into sustainable watershed management？ To address these questions, we discuss the process of developing integrated watershed management strategies for sustainable manage- ment through the incorporation of adaptive management techniques and traditional ecological knowledge. We address the numerous benefits from integration acrossdisciplines and jurisdictional boundaries, as well as the incorporation of technological advancements, such as remote sensing, GIS, big data, and multi-level social-eco- logical systems analysis, into watershed management strategies. We use three case studies from China, Europe, and Canada to review the success and failure of integrated watershed management in addressing different ecological, social, and economic dilemmas in geographically diverse locations. Although progress has been made in watershed management strategies, there are still numerous issues impeding successful management outcomes; many of which can be remedied through holistic management approaches, incorporation of cutting-edge science and technology, and cross-jurisdictional coordination. We conclude by high- lighting that future watershed management will need to account for climate change impacts by employing techno- logical advancements and holistic, cross-disciplinary approaches to ensure watersheds continue to serve their ecological, social, and economic functions. We present three case studies in this paper as a valuable resource for scientists, resource managers, government agencies, and other stakeholders aiming to improve integrated watershed management strategies and more efficiently and successfully achieve ecological and socio-economic ma

关键词： Adaptive management Climate change impacts Social-ecological systems analysis Traditional ecological knowledge Watershed management

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