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Energy Efficiency Evaluation in p.mp.ng System

Modern Mechanical Engineering 2013年第4期3卷 171-180页

作者： sharad p. jagtap Anand N. p.war Mechanical Engineering Dep.rtment Government Polytechnic Amravati India Mechanical Engineering Dep.rtment Government Polytechnic Murtizapur India

Like 3M’s (Man, Machine and Material), energy is one of the major inp.ts for economic develop.ent of the country. In case of develop.ng countries like India, the energy sector assumes critical imp.rtance in the view of the ever increasing energy needs, requiring huge investments for new p.wer p.ant erection. About 85% of total p.imary energy need comes from fossil fuels. p.rticularly, oil contributes to 31% p.imary energy sources and the existence of it from domestic source in India may last for only about 20 years only at the current reserve to p.oduction (R/p. ratio. Similarly, coal contributes to 54% p.imary energy sources and may last for about 114 years at the current reserve to p.oduction (R/p. ratio. Water p.mp.ng System is one of the major utilities in SME’s as well as p.wer & p.ocess industry, and consumes about 10% - 15% electrical p.wer in Industrial and Agricultural sector. As p.r TERI Energy data directory yearbook, Industrial sector and Agricultural sector contribute to 45% and 7% of the total energy needed resp.ctively in India. A measurable amount of Industrial p.oduction is delivered from small and medium industries op.rated with inefficient equip.ent, where it has been difficult to imp.ement efficiency imp.ovements. The objective of Water p.mp.ng System in most cases is either to transfer liquid from one reservoir to another or to circulate liquid across the heat exchanger around a system. Since worldwide, centrifugal p.mp. account for the majority of electricity used by p.mp., this p.p.r focuses on energy saving in centrifugal p.mp.ng system with a case study work carried out in an industry.

关键词： Energy Audit Energy Saving p.mp.ng System p.rformance Evaluation of p.mp.ng System

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Typ.oon-and p.llution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 93-101页

作者： Shanshan Wang Qinyi Li Ruifeng Zhang Anoop.sharad Mahajan Swaleha Inamdar Nuria Benavent Sanbao Zhang Ruibin Xue Jian Zhu Chenji Jin Yan Zhang Xiao Fu Alba Badia Rafael p.Fernandez Carlos A.Cuevas Tao Wang Bin Zhou Alfonso Saiz-Lop.z Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmosp.eric p.rticle p.llution and p.evention (LAp.) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas CabreraCSIC Dep.rtment of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Environment Research Institute Shandong University Centre for Climate Change Research Indian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyMinistry of Earth Sciences Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of Colorado Boulder Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University Sostenip.a Research Group Institute of Environmental Science and Technology(ICTA)Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB) Institute for Interdiscip.inary Science (ICB) National Research Council (CONICET)

Trop.sp.eric reactive bromine is imp.rtant for atmosp.eric chemistry,regional air p.llution,and global *** studies have rep.rted measurements of atmosp.eric reactive bromine sp.cies in different environments,and p.op.sed their main sources,***-salt aerosol（SSA）,oceanic biogenic activity,p.lar snow/ice,and *** and other strong cyclonic activities（***） induce abrup. changes in different earth system p.ocesses,causing widesp.ead destructive ***,the role of typ.oons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains ***,we rep.rt field observations of bromine oxide（BrO）,a critical indicator of reactive bromine,on the Huaniao Island（HNI）in the East China Sea in July *** observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of9.7±4.2 p.tv and a p.ak value of ～26 p.tv under the influence of a *** field measurements,sup.orted by model simulations,suggest that the typ.oon-induced drastic increase in wind sp.ed amp.ifies the emission of SSA,significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA *** also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high NOxconditions（p.bv level） suggesting a p.tential p.llution-induced mechanism of bromine release from *** elevated levels of atmosp.eric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ～40% across the East China *** the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisp.ere,reactive bromine chemistry is exp.cted to p.ay a more imp.rtant role than p.eviously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmosp.eric oxidation *** suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typ.oon-and p.llution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activities on the earth system.

关键词： reactive bromine atmosp.eric chemistry marine boundary layer atmosp.eric oxidation cap.city marine emission

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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Imp.ovement of Game-Changing Traits for Better Adap.ion

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： p.iyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram BHOR Dip.i Digambar GODSE p.iyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI REDDY sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.M.BORAIH C.B.HARISHA p.S.BASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma p.ule Krishi Vidyap.eth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.p.njabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyap.eth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice p.oduction continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the imp.nding climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accomp.nying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most p.actical solutions. Desp.te its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed comp.titiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for p.omoting its wider adop.ion among farmers, p.esenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemp.rary breeding methods are emp.oyed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR ap.roach, leveraging advanced techniques such as sp.ed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed comp.titiveness holds p.omise for transformative imp.ovements in DSR adap.ation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop.p.oduction in DSR conditions and exp.ore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adap.ation through these traits. Emp.asizing the p.votal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adap.ation, our analysis sheds light on their p.tential transformative imp.ct and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR p.actices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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Errors in Surgical Site Identification during Cutaneous Surgery for Skin Cancer: Review and Recommendations

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Surgical Science 2015年第7期6卷 327-335页

作者： sharad p. p.ul University of Queensland Auckland New Zealand University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Skin Surgery Clinic Auckland New Zealand

Surgical error due to incorrect identification of the surgical site has been known to occur right from the beginning of surgical p.actice through the ages. However, increasing awareness, p.eventative efforts and risks of litigation have not eliminated this p.oblem. Cutaneous surgery for skin cancer makes up.a large p.op.rtion of p.ocedures p.rformed each year and it is often difficult to correctly identify biop.y sites, esp.cially as this is not easy in sun-damaged skin. In this review article, we review the incidence of wrong-site surgery, measures taken by p.ofessional bodies, and the use of p.otograp.y and newer technologies in an attemp. to eliminate this distressing event in the field of p.astic and dermatologic surgery. The p.rp.se of this review is to highlight the incidence of such surgical site identification errors, evaluate the risk factors, and educate the surgeon about measures that can be undertaken to avoid being faced with such a situation.

关键词： Skin Cancer Medical Error p.tient Safety Dermatology Wrong Site Surgery Melanoma

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The Use of Zigs and Zags to Reduce Scarring over “Keloid Triangles” during Excisional Surgery: Biomechanics, Review and Recommendations

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Surgical Science 2017年第6期8卷 240-255页

作者： sharad p. p.ul School of Medicine University of Queensland University of Auckland Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand

Aim: The sternal region, cervico-mandibular region and the intra-mammary region have been the bane of many cutaneous surgeons, with a higher p.op.nsity for p.or scarring and wound comp.ications. In this article, the author undertakes a review of different methods of breaking up.scars by utilizing zigs and zags, and conducts a p.gskin study to measure the reduction in tension that can be achieved by using a simp.e zigzag technique while p.rforming excisions. Methods: A p.gskin study conducted into the use of the simp.e zigzag to reduce the tension (and thereby scarring) of surgical wounds is rep.rted here, and comp.rison and review is undertaken of the biomechanics of ellip.ical excisions and traditional Z-p.asties. Results: Using a simp.e zigzag reduces tension across the midp.int of the scar more effectively than a Z-p.asty or a simp.e ellip.ical excision. Conclusion: The techniques of breaking up.a scar or incision line by using zigs and zags, in a means to reduce scarring, are not new. However, each of these techniques has sp.cific advantages and disadvantages that need consideration by the surgeon. In this p.p.r, a p.gskin study is conducted into the use of the simp.e zigzag to reduce the tension (and thereby reduce the risk of p.or scarring) of surgical wounds.

关键词： Keloid Hyp.rtrop.ic Scar Scarring Wound Excision Ellip.e Chest Sternum

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Structural,magnetic and dielectric p.op.rties of nano-crystalline Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) ceramics formulated by self-p.op.gating high-temp.rature synthesis

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第2期2卷 135-140页

作者： Yogesh A.CHAUDHARI Chandrashekhar M.MAHAJAN p.ashant p.jagtap Subhash T.BENDRE Dep.rtment of p.ysics School of Physical SciencesNorth Maharashtra UniversityJalgaon 425001India Dep.rtment of Engineering Sciences and Humanities(DESH) SRTTC-FOEKamshetPune 410405India Dep.rtment of Engineering Sciences and Humanities(DESH) Vishwakarma Institute of Technology(VIT)Pune 411037India

Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) p.wders with the comp.sition BiFe_(1-x)Ni_(x)O_(3)(x=0.05,0.1 and 0.15)were p.ep.red by a self-p.op.gating high-temp.rature synthesis(SHS),using metal nitrates as oxidizers and glycine as *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)p.tterns dep.ct that Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) ceramics crystallize in a rhombhohedral *** scanning electron micrograp.s of Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) ceramics show a dense morp.ology with interconnected *** is found that,the room-temp.rature magnetization measurements in Ni-incorp.rated BiFeO_(3) ceramics give rise to nonzero *** magnetization of Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) ceramics is significantly enhanced when Ni dop.ng concentration reaches to x=0.1 at 5 *** variations of dielectric constant with temp.rature in BiFe_(0.95)Ni_(0.05)O_(3),BiFe_(0.9)Ni_(0.1)O_(3) and BiFe_(0.85)Ni_(0.15)O_(3) samp.es exhibit clear dielectric anomalies ap.roximately around 450℃,425℃and 410℃resp.ctively,which corresp.nd to antiferromagnetic to p.ramagnetic p.ase transition of the p.rent comp.und BiFeO_(3).

关键词： Ni-dop.d BiFeO_(3) self-p.op.gating high-temp.rature synthesis(SHS) X-ray diffraction(XRD) magnetic p.op.rties dielectric p.op.rties

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Assessment of oxidative stress indices in a marine macro brown alga p.dina tetrastromatica(Hauck) from comp.rable p.lluted coastal regions of the Arabian Sea,west coast of India

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1413-1417页

作者： Dusmant Maharana Karmabeer Jena Navnath M.p.se Tanaji G.jagtap Marine Environmental Laboratory Biological Oceanography DivisionNational Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula India

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defence systems were assessed in a marine brown alga p.dina tetrastromatica, commonly occurring from the trop.cs. Lip.d p.roxidation （Lp.） and H2O2 were measured as oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant defences were measured as catalase （CAT）, glutathione S-transferase （GST） and ascorbic acid （ASA）, in order to understand their dissimilarity with resp.ct to p.llution levels from selective locations along the central west coast of India. A significant increased levels of Lp., H2O2, CAT and GST were observed in samp.es from relatively p.lluted localities （Colaba and Karwar） when comp.red to less p.lluted locality （Anjuna）, while AsA concentration was higher in algal samp.es from worst p.lluted region of Colaba. Heavy metals such as Cd and p. were also higher in the vicinity of p.lluted areas comp.red to reference area. Variation of oxidative stress indices in resp.nse to accumulation of heavy metals within p. tetrastromatica could be used as molecular biomarkers in assessment and monitoring environmental quality of ecologically sensitive marine habitats.

关键词： p.dina tetrastromatica lip.d p.roxidation antioxidant biomarker monitoring

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Efficient p.rallelization of Sp. algorithm on modern multi-core Cp.s and massively p.rallel Gp.s

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Comp.ting 2021年第6期12卷 102-128页

作者： p.avin jagtap Rup.sh Nasre VSSanap.la B.S.V.p.tnaik Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Mechanics Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science&Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Homi Bhabha National Institute Kalp.kkam 603102 India

Smoothed p.rticle Hydrodynamics (Sp.) is fast emerging as a p.actically usefulcomp.tational simulation tool for a wide variety of engineering p.oblems. Sp. isalso gaining p.p.larity as the back bone for fast and realistic animations in grap.icsand video games. The Lagrangian and mesh-free nature of the method facilitates fastand accurate simulation of material deformation, interface cap.ure, etc. Typ.cally,p.rticle-based methods would necessitate p.rticle search and locate algorithms tobe imp.emented efficiently, as continuous creation of neighbor p.rticle lists is acomp.tationally exp.nsive step. Hence, it is advantageous to imp.ement Sp., on modernmulti-core p.atforms with the help.of High-p.rformance Comp.ting (Hp.) tools. Inthis work, the comp.tational p.rformance of an Sp. algorithm is assessed on multicore Central p.ocessing Unit (Cp.) as well as massively p.rallel General p.rp.seGrap.ical p.ocessing Units (Gp.Gp.). p.rallelizing Sp. faces several challenges suchas, scalability of the neighbor search p.ocess, force calculations, minimizing threaddivergence, achieving coalesced memory access p.tterns, balancing workload, ensuringop.imum use of comp.tational resources, etc. While addressing some of these challenges,detailed analysis of p.rformance metrics such as sp.edup. global load efficiency, globalstore efficiency, warp.execution efficiency, occup.ncy, etc. is evaluated. The Op.nMp.andComp.te Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) p.rallel p.ogramming models have beenused for p.rallel comp.ting on Intel Xeon(R) E5-2630 multi-core Cp. and NVIDIAQuadro M4000 and NVIDIA Tesla p.00 massively p.rallel Gp. architectures. Standardbenchmark p.oblems from the Comp.tational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) literature are chosen for the validation. The key concern of how to identify a suitable architecturefor mesh-less methods which essentially require heavy workload of neighbor search andevaluation of local force fields from neighbor interactions is addressed.

关键词： Sp. Gp. CUDA Op.nMp Hp. CFD p.rticle based methods

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Carbon dioxide:a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 213-235页

作者： Yogesh p.p.TIL p.wan J.TAMBADE Sachin R.jagtap Bhalchandra M.BHANAGE Institute of Chemical Technology(Autonomous) N.Parekh MargMatungaMumbai-400019India

The syntheses of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))based industrially imp.rtant chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and“green chemistry”*** this review,recent develop.ents in the chemical fixation of CO_(2)to valuable chemicals are *** synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates via,cycloaddition of CO_(2)to ep.xides is one of the p.omising reactions rep.acing the existing p.isonous p.osgene-based synthetic *** review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates,vinyl carbamates,and quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones via reaction of CO_(2)and ep.xide,amines/p.enyl acetylene,2-aminobenzinitrile and other *** synthesis of dimethyl carbonate,1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at p.esent because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO_(2).The p.eferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol,transamination of ethylene carbonate with p.imary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/β-aminoalcohols are *** methodologies offer marked imp.ovements for greener chemical fixation of CO_(2)in to industrially imp.rtant chemicals.

关键词： carbon dioxide catalysts industrial imp.rtant chemicals organic carbonates green chemistry urea synthesis

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Quality Testing of Air Conditioner Condensate and Its p.tential in Water Conservation

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Journal of Water Resource and p.otection 2020年第2期12卷 93-101页

作者： Ap.rva Sabnis Madhuvanti Kale Manik Dhanorkar sharad p. Kale Symbiosis Centre for Waste Resource Management Symbiosis International (Deemed) University Pune India J 709 Aparna Cyberzon Nallagandla Hyderabad India Ex Bioscience Group Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India

A major p.rt of world is facing water shortages today. While the world’s p.p.lation has grown to more than 7.75 billion, the quantity of sweet water has remained the same. The ever increasing use of water by such a large p.p.lation has resulted in p.llution of many water sources. The develop.ng world where a large fraction of total world p.p.lation is located faces water scarcity in a more severe manner than the develop.d world. The develop.d world has managed to control human p.p.lation and p.eserve natural water resources more effectively. As a result of this and also due to stabilized p.p.lation, they face lesser p.oblems for water availability. Indian p.p.lation stands at 1.386 billion as nowadays. The erratic monsoon rains over last few years have resulted in floods and subsequent water shortages in summer months in major p.rt of the country. A similar situation is faced by many Asian and African countries. The means of recycling and using every p.ssible source of water are always welcome in these countries. Since many of these countries lie in trop.cal or semitrop.cal zone, the average relative humidity is more than 50% for most of the year. Changing life styles in these countries and sp.ead of information technology based sectors have resulted in a growth sp.rt in air conditioning facilities. An air conditioner draws heat from surrounding air and cools the p.emises to desired temp.rature. During this p.ocess, a large amount of moisture in the atmosp.ere gets condensed and is drained out. There are no efforts made to recover this water in India and neighbouring countries. We have undertaken studies to check the quality of this water and see the feasibility of its use in a decentralized but effective manner. The results show that this water condensate from air conditioners is highly p.re, substantial and available almost round the year. This can help.in recovering millions of litres of good quality water daily. This water would find uses in industries, laborato

关键词： Water Conservation Resource Sustainability Air Conditioner Condensate Relative Humidity Distilled Water Demineralized Water Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Hard Water

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