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Influence of Rising Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>Concentrations and Temperature on Morpho-Physiological Traits and Yield of Rice Genotypes in Sub Humid Climate of Eastern India

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第14期6卷 2239-2249页

作者： sharad kumar dwivedi Santosh kumar Ved Prakash Surajit Mondal Janki Sharan Mishra ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region Patna India

A possible scenario for the end of the 21st century is that the atmospheric CO2 concentration will be in the range of 510 - 760 μl·L-I and that the mean global temperature will be 1.5°C - 4.5°C higher than present day. One of the pre-eminent manifestations of climate change is the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Both CO2 and temperature are the key variables of global climate and may cause significant changes in crop productivity. An experiment was conducted inside open top chamber (OTCs) in kharif season 2014 to evaluate the effects of CO2 enrichment and temperature rise with condition OTC1 (ambient condition), OTC2 (25% higher CO2 than ambient), OTC3 (25% higher CO2 + 2°C >ambient temperature) and OTC4 (2°C >ambient temperature) on physiological traits and yield of rice genotypes to identify the suitable genotypes for changing climatic conditions. The study revealed that rice genotypes performed better under elevated CO2, with slight changes in development, such as growth and in yield attributing traits, depending on the genotypes. However, the beneficial direct impact of elevated (CO2) on crop yield can be counteract by elevated temperatures. Rice genotype IR83376-B-B-24-2 was highly responsive while IR84895-B-127-CRA-5-1-1 was least responsive toward elevated CO2. Physiological traits like relative water content (RWC %), membrane stability index (MSI %), chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and TSS content were improved under elevated CO2. However, responses of these traits were negative with elevated temperature. We point out that studies related to changes in crop physiology and yield as a consequence of global climatic changes should be a priority due to their association with food security.

关键词： Climate Change Physiological Traits Rice Genotypes Yield Attributes

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Using machine learning to predict habitat suitability of sloth bears at multiple spatial scales

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 634-645页

作者： Tahir Ali Rather sharad kumar Jamal Ahmad Khan Department of Wildlife Sciences Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhUttar Pradesh 202002India The Corbett Foundation 81-88Atlanta BuildingNariman PointMumbaiMaharashtra 400021India

Background:Habitat resources occur across the range of spatial scales in the *** environmental resources are characterized by upper and lower limits,which define organisms’distribution in their *** respond to these resources at the optimal spatial ***,multi-scale assessments are critical to identifying the correct spatial scale at which habitat resources are most influential in determining the specieshabitat *** study used a machine learning algorithm random forest(RF),to evaluate the scaledependent habitat selection of sloth bears(Melursus ursinus)in and around Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve,Madhya Pradesh,***:We used 155 spatially rarified occurrences out of 248 occurrence records of sloth bears obtained from camera trap captures(n=36)and scats located(n=212)in the *** calculated focal statistics for 13 habitat variables across ten spatial scales surrounding each presence-absence record of sloth ***(>5000 m)and small(1000–2000 m)spatial scales were the most dominant scales at which sloth bears perceived the habitat *** the habitat covariates,farmlands and degraded forests were the essential patches associated with sloth bear occurrences,followed by sal and dry deciduous *** final habitat suitability model was highly accurate and had a very low out-of-bag(OOB)error *** high accuracy rate was also obtained using alternate validation ***:Human-dominated landscapes are characterized by expanding human populations,changing landuse patterns,and increasing habitat *** and degraded habitats constitute~40%of the landform in the buffer zone of the *** of the management implications may be identifying the highly suitable bear habitats in human-modified landscapes and integrating them with the existing conservation landscapes.

关键词： Bandhavgarh Melursus ursinus Multi-scale Habitat selection Random forest Sloth bear Species distribution models

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Multi-scale habitat selection and impacts of climate change on the distribution of four sympatric meso-carnivores using random forest algorithm

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 709-725页

Background:The habitat resources are structured across different spatial scales in the environment,and thus animals perceive and select habitat resources at different spatial *** to adopt the scale-dependent framework in species habitat relationships may lead to biased ***-scale species distribution models(SDMs)can thus improve the predictive ability as compared to single-scale *** study outlines the importance of multi-scale modeling in assessing the species habitat relationships and may provide a methodological framework using a robust algorithm to model and predict habitat suitability maps(HSMs)for similar multi-species and multi-scale ***:We used a supervised machine learning algorithm,random forest(RF),to assess the habitat relationships of Asiatic wildcat(Felis lybica ornata),jungle cat(Felis chaus),Indian fox(Vulpes bengalensis),and golden-jackal(Canis aureus)at ten spatial scales(500-5000 m)in human-dominated *** calculated out-of-bag(OOB)error rates of each predictor variable across ten scales to select the most influential spatial scale *** scale optimization(OOB rates)indicated that model performance was associated with variables at multiple spatial *** species occurrence tended to be related strongest to predictor variables at broader scales(5000 m).Multivariate RF models indicated landscape composition to be strong predictors of the Asiatic wildcat,jungle cat,and Indian fox *** the same time,topographic and climatic variables were the most important predictors determining the golden jackal *** models predicted range expansion in all four species under future climatic ***:Our results highlight the importance of using multiscale distribution models when predicting the distribution and species habitat *** wide adaptability of meso-carnivores allows them to persist in human-dominated regions and may even thrive in disturbed habi

关键词： Multiple-scale Multi-species Sympatric carnivores Species distribution modeling Bandhavgarh Climate change

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Role of ions and ion channels in capacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 1999年第3期1卷 95-107页

作者： sharad B Purohit Malini Laloraya G.Pradeep kumar School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.

Capacitation and acrosome reaction are important prerequisites of the fertilization process. Capacitation is a highlycomplex phenomenon occurring in the female genital tract, rendering the spermatozoa capable of binding and fusionwith the oocyte. During capacitation various biochemical and biophysical changes occur in the spermatozoa and thespermatozoal membranes. Ions and ion channels also play important roles in governing the process of capacitation bychanging the fluxes of different ions which in turn controls various characteristics of capacitated spermatozoa. Alongwith the mobilization of ions the generation of free radicals and efflux of cholesterol also plays an important role in thecapacitation state of the spermatozoa. The generation of free radical and efflux of cholesterol change the mechano-dynamic properties of the membrane by oxidation of the polyunsaturated lipids and by generating the cholesterol freepatches. The process of capacitation renders the spermatozoa responsive to the inducers of the acrosome reaction. Theglycoprotein zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) of the egg coat zona pellucida is the potent physiological stimulator of the acro-some reaction; progesterone, a major compoent of the follicular fluid, is also an induce of the acrosome *** inducers of the acrosome reaction cause the activation of the various ion-channels leading to high influxes of calci-um, sodium and bicarbonate. The efflux of cholesterol during the process of capacitation alters the permeablity of themembrane to the ions and generate areas which are prone to fusion and vesculation process during the acrosome reac-tion. Ths review focuses mainly on effects of the ion and ion-channels, free radicals, and membrane fluidity changesduring the process of capacitation and acrosome reaction. (Asian J Androl 1999 Sep; 1: 95-107)

关键词： spermatozoa capacitation acrosome reaction ion channels free radicals membrane fluidity

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Secure Rotation Invariant Face Detection System for Authentication

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1955-1974页

作者： Amit Verma Mohammed Baljon Shailendra Mishra Iqbaldeep Kaur Ritika Saini sharad Saxena Sanjay kumar Sharma Department of Computer Science&Engineering Chandigarh Group of CollegesMohali140317India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer&Information ScienceMajmaah University11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatiala147004India Department of Computer Centre&Campus Network Facility Science Complex PO Central UniversityGachibowliHyderabad500046TelanganaIndia

Biometric applications widely use the face as a component for recognition and automatic *** rotation is a variable component and makes face detection a complex and challenging task with varied angles and *** problem has been investigated,and a novice algorithm,namely RIFDS(Rotation Invariant Face Detection System),has been *** objective of the paper is to implement a robust method for face detection taken at various *** to achieve better results than known algorithms for face *** RIFDS Polar Harmonic Transforms(PHT)technique is combined with Multi-Block Local Binary Pattern(MBLBP)in a hybrid *** MBLBP is used to extract texture patterns from the digital image,and the PHT is used to manage invariant rotation *** this manner,RIFDS can detect human faces at different rotations and with different facial *** RIFDS performance is validated on different face databases like LFW,ORL,CMU,MIT-CBCL,JAFFF Face Databases,and Lena *** results show that the RIFDS algorithm can detect faces at varying angles and at different image resolutions and with an accuracy of 99.9%.The RIFDS algorithm outperforms previous methods like Viola-Jones,Multi-blockLocal Binary Pattern(MBLBP),and Polar HarmonicTransforms(PHTs).The RIFDS approach has a further scope with a genetic algorithm to detect faces(approximation)even from shadows.

关键词： Pose variations face detection frontal faces facial expressions emotions

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Modelling the potential risk zone of Lantana camara invasion and response to climate change in eastern India

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 142-154页

作者： sharad Tiwari S.N.Mishra Dharmendra kumar Basant kumar S.N.Vaidya Brojo Gopal Ghosh Sk Mujibar Rahaman Masjuda Khatun Sanjoy Garai Amit kumar Institute of Forest Productivity LalgutwaRanchi 835303JharkhandIndia Department of IT Govt.of JharkhandJharkhand Space Application CentreRanchiIndia Department of Geoinformatics Central University of JharkhandRanchi 835205JharkhandIndia

Background:The aim of this study is to elucidate the potential risk zones prone to the invasion of perennial ornamental plant Lantana camara,which is native to South America and has invasive tendency in Jharkhand,eastern India,for present(2020)and the future(2050)climatic conditions under four different Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios(RCPs).We analysed the current distribution pattern of *** in the plateau region of eastern India and identified potentially suitable habitats prone to its further infestation in the future under the climate change ***:Results showed the presence of *** invasion in~13%of the geographical area of Jharkhand,Cho-tanagpur plateau which may expand up to 20–26%by 2050 depending upon emission scenarios as characterised by the four *** for the current scenario suggests the dominance of *** in sub-zone V(12.77%under high risk zones(HRZ)and 9.5%under critical risk zones(CRZ))followed by sub-zones IV(6.7%:HRZ;4.19%:CRZ)and VI(2.49%:HRZ;2.14%:CRZ).Future projection(2050)indicates a possible expansion of its distribution range across all agro-climatic sub-zones with dominance in sub-zones V and *** Bio_4(temperature seasonality)was observed as the most contributing factor for the distribution of *** for current and future scenarios across all *** habitat for *** mostly occurred under natural vegetation(66.05%of CRZ and 60.71%of HRZ)and agriculture landscape(29.51%of CRZ and 34.48%of HRZ).Conclusions:The study provides an insight of invasion of *** in the plateau region of eastern India,and reveals wide distribution across all the agro-climatic sub-zones of Jharkhand,mostly in open and disturbed areas under natural vegetation and agriculture *** projections for the year 2050 suggest a continuous increase in the expansion range of invasion across Jharkhand and call for urgent initiatives to combat its further invasion.

关键词： Climate change Forest Invasion Lantana camara Maxent RCPs

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IoT-Based Women Safety Gadgets (WSG): Vision, Architecture, and Design Trends

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 1027-1045页

作者： sharad Saxena Shailendra Mishra Mohammed Baljon Shamiksha Mishra Sunil kumar Sharma Prakhar Goel Shubham Gupta Vinay Kishore Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147001India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer&Information ScienceMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur831001India

In recent years,the growth of female employees in the commercial market and industries has *** a result,some people think travelling to distant and isolated locations during odd hours generates new threats to women’s *** exponential increase in assaults and attacks on women,on the other hand,is posing a threat to women’s growth,development,and *** the time of the attack,it appears the women were immobilized and needed immediate *** self-defense isn’t sufficient against abuse;a new technological solution is desired and can be used as quickly as hitting a switch or *** proposed Women Safety Gadget(WSG)aims to design a wearable safety device model based on Internet-of-Things(IoT)and Cloud *** is designed in three layers,namely layer-1,having an android app;layer-2,with messaging and location tracking system;and layer-3,which updates information in the cloud *** can detect an unsafe condition by the pressure sensor of the finger on the artificial nail,consequently diffuses a pepper spray,and automatically notifies the saved closest contacts and police station through messaging and location *** has a response time of 1000 ms once the nail is pressed;the average time for pulse rate measure is 0.475 s,and diffusing the pepper spray is 0.2–0.5 *** average activation time is 2.079 s.

关键词： Perpetrator safety IoT women security GPS tracking GSM

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Feasibility and efficacy of delayed pharmacoinvasive therapy for STelevation myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2023年第1期15卷 23-32页

作者： Rishi Sethi Lalit Mohan Pravesh Vishwakarma Abhishek Singh Swati Sharma Monika Bhandari Ayush Shukla Akhil Sharma Gaurav Chaudhary Akshyaya Pradhan sharad Chandra Varun Shankar Narain Sudhanshu kumar dwivedi Department of Cardiology King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUND ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)refers to a clinical syndrome that features symptoms of myocardial ischemia with consequent ST-elevation on electrocardiography and an associated rise in cardiac *** restoration of brisk flow in the coronary vasculature is critical in reducing mortality and *** patients with STEMI who could not receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)on time,pharmacoinvasive strategy(thrombolysis followed by timely PCI within 3-24 h of its initiation)is an effective *** To analyze the role of delayed pharmacoinvasive strategy in the window period of 24-72 h after *** This was a physician-initiated,single-center prospective registry between January 2017 and July 2017 which enrolled 337 acute STEMI patients with partially occluded coronary *** received routine pharmacoinvasive therapy(PCI within 3-24 h of thrombolysis)in one group and delayed pharmacoinvasive therapy(PCI within 24-72 h of thrombolysis)in another *** primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)within 30 d of the *** secondary endpoints included major bleeding as defined by Bleeding Academic Research Consortium classification,angina,and dyspnea within 30 *** The mean age in the two groups was comparable(55.1±10.1 years vs 54.2±10.5 years,P=0.426).Diabetes was present among 20.2%and 22.1%of patients in the routine and delayed groups,*** rate was 54.6%and 55.8%in the routine and delayed groups,*** was initiated within 6 h of onset of symptoms in both groups(P=0.125).The mean time from thrombolysis to PCI in the routine and delayed groups was 16.9±5.3 h and 44.1±14.7 h,*** significant difference was found for the occurrence of measured clinical outcomes in the two groups within 30 d(8.7%vs 12.9%,P=0.152).Univariate analysis of demographic characteristics and risk factors for patients who reporte

关键词： Coronary artery disease ST-elevation myocardial infarction Primary percutaneous coronary intervention Pharmacoinvasive strategy Thrombolysis Atherosclerosis

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自由取向炭/炭复合材料的新型制备及工艺优化（英文）

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新型炭材料 2018年第5期33卷 424-433页

作者： Thakur Sudesh kumar Raunija Rajeev K.Gautam sharad Chandra Sharma Anil Verma Carbon and Ceramics Laboratory Materials and Mechanical EntityVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Indian Space Research OrganisationThiruvananthapuram 695022KeralaIndia Sustainable Environergy Research Lab(SERL) Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz-KhasNew Delhi 110016India Materials and Metallurgy Group Materials and Mechanical EntityVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Indian Space Research OrganisationThiruvananthapuram 695022KeralaIndia

采用在炭纤维束的内部浸润熔融沥青的传统方法制备得到的炭/炭(C/C)复合材料难以实现细旦化水平,这是因为单束丝中含有数千根丝,经浸渍后沥青附着,从而引起沥青局部渗出,以及因不均匀沥青稳定性而导致微观结构不均匀。本文通过稳定的中... 详细信息

采用在炭纤维束的内部浸润熔融沥青的传统方法制备得到的炭/炭(C/C)复合材料难以实现细旦化水平,这是因为单束丝中含有数千根丝,经浸渍后沥青附着,从而引起沥青局部渗出,以及因不均匀沥青稳定性而导致微观结构不均匀。本文通过稳定的中间相沥青和分散的短切炭纤维混合、热压和炭化过程制备出细旦化水平的C/C复合材料。探讨了工艺参数对中间相沥青残炭率的影响。通过残炭率/工艺时间、残炭率!(表观密度/实密度)来优化工艺参数。结果表明,通过此法得到了细旦化水平的中间相沥青与炭纤维复合材料。中间相沥青的残炭率随加热升温速率、沥青/炭纤维质量比的增加而降低;随热压压力而增加。在高压力和高质量比下,发生沥青局部渗出。通过调控得到最佳的C/C复合材料制备工艺参数为:热压压力15 MPa,升温速率0. 2℃/min及沥青/炭纤维质量比1∶1。

关键词：石油沥青中间相沥青短切炭纤维热压产率

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Precipitation Regionalization Using Self-Organizing Maps for Mumbai City, India

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第9期10卷 939-956页

作者： Amit sharad Parchure Shirish kumar Gedam Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay India

The detailed analysis of individual rain events characteristics is an essential step for improving our understanding of variation in precipitation over different topographies. In this study, the homogeneity among rain gauges was investigated using the concept of “rain event properties,” linking them to the main atmospheric system that affects the rainfall in the region. For this, eight properties of more than 23,000 rain events recorded at 47 meteorological stations in Mumbai, India, were analyzed utilizing seasonal (June-September) rainfall records over 2006-2016. The high similarities among the properties indicated the similarities among the rain gauges. Furthermore, similar rain gauges were distinguished, investigated and characterized by cluster analysis using self-organizing maps (SOM). The cluster analysis results show six clusters of similarly behaving rain gauges, where each cluster addresses one isolated class of variables for the rain gauge. Additionally, the clusters confirm the spatial variation of rainfall caused by the complex topography of Mumbai, comprising the flatland near the Arabian Sea, high-rise buildings (urban area) and mountain and hills areas (Sanjay Gandhi National Park located in the northern part of Mumbai).

关键词： Minimum Inter-Event Time Self-Organizing Map Rain Event Dendrogram

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