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Hydrodynamic function and spring constant calibration of FluidFM micropipette cantilevers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 277-286页

作者： Attila Bonyár Ágoston G.Nagy Hans Gunstheimer Gotthold Fläschner robert Horvath Department of Electronics Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and InformaticsBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapestHungary Nanobiosensorics Laboratory Institute of Technical Physics and Materials ScienceCentre for Energy ResearchHUN-RENBudapestHungary Nanosurf AG Gräubernstrasse 12CH-4410 LiestalSwitzerland

Fluidic force microscopy(FluidFM)fuses the force sensitivity of atomic force microscopy with the manipulation capabilities of microfluidics by using microfabricated cantilevers with embedded fluidic *** innovation initiated new research and development directions in biology,biophysics,and material *** acquire reliable and reproducible data,the calibration of the force sensor is ***,the hollow FluidFM cantilevers contain a row of parallel pillars inside a rectangular *** precise spring constant calibration of the internally structured cantilever is far from trivial,and existing methods generally assume simplifications that are not applicable to these special types of *** addition,the Sader method,which is currently implemented by the FluidFM community,relies on the precise measurement of the quality factor,which renders the calibration of the spring constant sensitive to *** this study,the hydrodynamic function of these special types of hollow cantilevers was experimentally determined with different *** on the hydrodynamic function,a novel spring constant calibration method was adapted,which relied only on the two resonance frequencies of the cantilever,measured in air and in a *** on these results,our proposed method can be successfully used for the reliable,noise-free calibration of hollow FluidFM cantilevers.

关键词： spring cantilever function

SnrK1a1, a new player in the sucrose-Opaque2 network during endosperm filling

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1172-1174页

作者： Kelly Mayrink Balmant Marcio F.r.resende Jr. Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Maize(Zea mays)endosperm is an important food source for humans and *** addition,it is considered an excellent model for research on seed development because of its relatively large size for both embryo and endosperm compared to those of other crop species,such as rice(Oryza sativa)and wheat(Triticum aestivum).After double fertilization,early maize endosperm development includes three stages:(i)a multinucleate coenocyte stage;(i)a cellularization stage,in which the cellular endosperm is formed;and(ii)a stage of differentiation into distinct *** early differentiation,four major cell types with specific functions differentiate within the endosperm:starchy endosperm,aleurone layer,basal endosperm transfer layer(BETL),and embryo surrounding *** subaleurone,conducting zone,basal intermediate zone,and endosperm adjacent to scutellum arise in late differentiation(Sabelli and Larkins 2009).After the main cell types are established,maize endosperm undergoes intensive cell proliferation,which marks the transition to the endosperm-filling *** the endosperm-flling stage,the maternal sucrose products are transported to seeds through the BETL region,where they will act as the main carbon substrate for storage products such as starch and proteins(Chen et al.,2023).In fact,the endosperm of maize seeds accounts for approximately 90%of the total grain weight,serving as an important nutrient reservoir(Flint-Garcia et al.,2009).

关键词： endosperm reservoir Flint

Data Secure Storage Mechanism for IIoT Based on Blockchain

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4029-4048页

作者： Jin Wang Guoshu Huang r.Simon Sherratt Ding Huang Jia Ni School of Computer Science and Mathematics Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350118China School of Computer&Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410004China School of Systems Engineering The University of ReadingReadingRG66AYUK School of Computer Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

With the development of Industry 4.0 and big data technology,the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)is hampered by inherent issues such as privacy,security,and fault tolerance,which pose certain challenges to the rapid development of *** technology has immutability,decentralization,and autonomy,which can greatly improve the inherent defects of the *** the traditional blockchain,data is stored in a Merkle *** data continues to grow,the scale of proofs used to validate it grows,threatening the efficiency,security,and reliability of blockchain-based ***,this paper first analyzes the inefficiency of the traditional blockchain structure in verifying the integrity and correctness of *** solve this problem,a new Vector Commitment(VC)structure,Partition Vector Commitment(PVC),is proposed by improving the traditional VC ***,this paper uses PVC instead of the Merkle tree to store big data generated by *** can improve the efficiency of traditional VC in the process of commitment and ***,this paper uses PVC to build a blockchain-based IIoT data security storage mechanism and carries out a comparative analysis of *** mechanism can greatly reduce communication loss and maximize the rational use of storage space,which is of great significance for maintaining the security and stability of blockchain-based IIoT.

关键词： Blockchain IIoT data storage cryptographic commitment

Magnetohydrodynamics bio-convection flow at Casson fluid stagnation point in porous medium:Cross-diffusion effect and heat production

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Propulsion and Power research 2024年第3期13卷 445-457页

作者： Snehal Patel Harshad r.Patel Gujarat Technological University AhmedabadGujaratIndia Department of Mathematics U V Patel College of EngineeringGanpat UniversityMahesanaIndia

This study examines the effect of heat production and radiation absorption on the magnetohydrodynamic Cassonfluidflow at the stagnation point in a porous *** convert the group offluidflow equations,which are non-linear partial differential equations with suitable boundary constraints,into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity *** homotopy analysis method(HAM)solves the converted system of ordinary differential *** draw graphs for numerous values of non-dimensional pa-rameters and tables of surface drag force,rates of heat transfer,and mass transfer to analyze the relationship between velocityfield,temperaturefield,concentrationfield,and other essential parameters involved in the *** have proven that the Dufour number,radiation parameter,and heat generation parameter elevate thefluid temperature,whereas the magnetic parameter lowers *** Cassonfluid parameter,buoyancy force parameter,and mixed convection param-eter all promotefluid movement throughout *** presented tabular data allows us to see the trend of heat and mass transfer rates,as well as drag force rates,against important parameters,enhancing our understanding of these rates.

关键词： Cassonfluid Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) Stagnation pointflow Thermal radiation Heat source/sink Soret effect

Synthesis and characterization of nanocarbon from waste batteries via an eco-friendly method

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 197-208页

作者： Maraim Kh.Uoda Hussein Q.Hussein rana r.Jalil Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Thi.Qar Oil Company NassriyaIraq Petroleum research and Development Center BaghdadIraq

The widespread use of disposable batteries to power common electronic devices is a major source of *** are growing environmental and health concerns due to the expansion of e-waste around the ***,developing a reli-able system for recycling old batteries has reached the top of the recycling priority *** current study presents a novel approach to synthesis carbon nanoparticles(CNPs)from spent batteries via an eco-friendly method that offers economical,environment-friendly,and nontoxic approaches in comparison to conventional chemical *** synthesized nano-particles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX),powder X-ray diffractometry(XrD),UV-VIS absorption analysis(UV),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-Ir),Atomic force microscope(AFM),and thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA).The average diameter of the synthesized particles was 40.16 nm,and the particles tended to be aspherical in *** analysis also predicted the presence of pure carbon,with some contamination arrived at 15%(in weight).This is a novel study in which nanocarbons were synthesized in a brine(7600x10-6)from a target(CNPs>75 nm),which paves the way for future use of CNPs derived from spent batteries and helps the environment by decreasing the amount of electronic waste dumped in landfills.

关键词： Novel Zn-C battery Carbon nanoparticles Characterization Eco-friendly methods

Surgical management of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors:beyond the realm of evidence-based medicine

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 551-553页

作者： Jonathan r.Strosberg Taymeyah Al-Toubah Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFLUSA

How strong is the evidence supporting surgery for patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors(NETs)?This is the chief question from ***’comprehensive and balanced literature analysis on the surgical treatment of metastatic pancreatic NETs(1).No matter how many non-randomized studies demonstrate a survival advantage for patients undergoing cytoreductive hepatic surgery or resection of the primary pancreatic tumor,the methodological biases remain constant(2-9).Patients undergoing surgery tend to be younger and healthier,and their tumors tend to be lower grade,less aggressive,and fewer in number than patients undergoing other systemic or liver-directed *** other words,the survival advantage begins when the patient is selected as a surgical candidate and before the scalpel even touches the *** multivariate analyses can control for some confounding variables,it is impossible to control for *** a simple concept such as tumor burden is challenging to standardize:a patient with a few large tumors confined to a single hepatic lobe may have a vastly different prognosis than a patient with a similar burden of miliary tumors scattered throughout the liver(2).

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumor(NET) cytoreduction debulking surgery transplantation

Effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles W.r.reed E.Sarver Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust downstream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization was not a focus of such studies,this is a growing area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current work aims to explore the effect of two different scrubbers(one wet and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition was not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the wet scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber was not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location downstream of the scrubber which allowed for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained with respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this work demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow-up investigation more broadly.

关键词： respirable dust Dust control SEM–EDX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

Investigations of nuclear chirality at iThemba LABS

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 7-38页

作者： r.A.Bark E.A.Lawrie C.Liu S.Y.Wang iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences National Research FoundationP.O.Box 722Somerset-West 7129South Africa Department of Physics University of the Western CapePrivate Bag X177535BellvilleSouth Africa Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China

Progress in the studies of chirality in atomic nuclei at iThemba LABS is *** regions of chirality,around mass 80 and 190 have been discovered using the AFrODITE array,specifically in the nuclei^(74)As,^(78,80,82)Br,^(81)Kr,and^(193,194,198)*** phenomena have been observed,including multiple chiral bands in the same nucleus,the coexistence of octupole correlations and nuclear chirality,and the coexistence of pseudo spin and nuclear *** best example of chiral degeneracy to date was found in ^(194)*** level scheme of ^(106)Ag has been revisited and interpreted in terms of two-and four-quasiparticle *** using the particle-rotor model have shown that the fingerprints of chirality in the two-quasiparticle system only can occur in an idealised model *** systems with a higher number of quasiparticles,the calculations showed that nuclear chirality can persist.

关键词： chirality high-spin states particle-rotor model

Convergent plate boundary environments for formation of≥3800 Ma mafic-ultramafic assemblages(Isua area,Greenland):Implications for early global geodynamics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 119-136页

作者： Allen P.Nutman Clark r.L.Friend Vickie C.Bennett School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2522Australia Glendale TiddingtonOxon OX92LQUK research School of Earth Sciences Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

In the gneiss terrane on the south side of the Eoarchean Isua supracrustal belt,ultramafic rocks with relict abyssal peridotite mineralogy(Bennett et al.,2002;Friend et al.,2002;Nutman et al.,2007;rollinson,2007;van de Löcht et al.,2020),layered gabbros with cumulate ultramafic rocks,basalts and associated siliceous sedimentary rocks were tectonically-imbricated,prior to and during intrusion of ca.3800 Ma *** with3800 Ma basalts in the Outer Arc Group of the nearby Isua supracrustal belt,the composition of all these mafic rocks(e.g.,Th-Hf-Nb systematics,high Th/Yb,Ba/Nb,Ba/Yb ratios and negative Nb and Ti anomalies)shows affinity with modern suprasubduction rocks whose genesis involved fluid fluxing of the upper ***,the majority of these samples have Ba/Nb and Ba/Yb values less than in modern island arc magmas,but similar to many backarc basin magmas(e.g.,Pearce and Stern,2006).It is unknown whether these ca.3800 Ma mafic rocks are,(i)arc rocks where the Ba/Nb and Ba/Yb signatures reflect lower surficial Ba in Eoarchean oceanic settings,or(ii)in direct comparison with Phanerozoic suites,these signatures reflect a back-arc setting with interplay between fluid fluxing and decompressional *** tectonic intercalation of upper mantle with lower and upper crustal rocks,combined with the fluid-fluxing influences seen in chemistry of all the mafic rocks is best accommodated in a compressional Eoarchean convergent plate boundary setting within a mobile-lid *** stagnant lid scenarios of crust formation,if operative,must have co-existed or alternated with mobile-lid regimes by 3800 Ma.

关键词： Eoarchean Fluid-fluxing Plate tectonics Suprasubduction Crustal evolution