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Development of a stable attenuated double-mutant of tobacco mosaic virus for cross-protection

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2318-2331页

作者： Xiaojie Xu shaoyan Jiang Chunju Liu Xujie sun Qing Zhu Xiuzhai Chen Pengchao Jiang Fenglong Wang Yanping Tian Xiangdong Li The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai 264025China Laboratory of Plant Virology Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Weifang Tobacco Corporation Weifang 261031China Linyi Tobacco Corporation Linyi 276000China Tobacco Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266101China

Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)are two major economic crops in China.Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV;genus Tobamovirus)is the most prevalent virus infecting both crops.Currently,some widely cultivated tobacco and tomato cultivars are susceptible to TMV and there is no effective strategy to control this virus.Cross-protection can be a safe and environmentally friendly strategy to prevent viral diseases.However,stable attenuated TMV mutants are scarce.In this study,we found that the substitutions in the replicase p126,arginine at position 196(R196)with aspartic acid(D),glutamic acid at position 614(E614)with glycine(G),serine at position 643(S643)with phenylalanine(F),or D at position 730(D730)with S,significantly reduced the virulence and replication of TMV.However,only the mutation of S643 to F reduced the RNA silencing suppression activity of TMV p126.A double-mutant TMV-E614G-S643F induced no visible symptom and was genetically stable through six successive passages in tobacco plants.Furthermore,our results showed that TMV-E614G-S643F double-mutant could provide effective protection against the wild-type TMV infection in tobacco and tomato plants.This study reports a promising mild mutant for cross-protection to control TMV in tobacco and tomato plants.

关键词： cross-protection double-mutant p126 tobacco mosaic virus virulence

Decoding the biochemical dialogue:metabolomic insights into soybean defense strategies against diverse pathogens

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Min Qiu Mengjun Tian Yaru sun Huaibo Li Wenwen Huang Haibing Ouyang shaoyan Lin Chen Zhang Ming Wang Yuanchao Wang Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural University The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjing Agricultural University China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University

Soybean, a crucial global leguminous crop, confronts persistent threats from diverse pathogens, exerting a profound impact on global yields.While genetic dimensions of soybean-pathogen interactions have garnered attention, the intricate biochemical responses remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we applied targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(LC-MS) metabolite profiling to dissect the complex interplay between soybeans and five distinct pathogens. Our analysis uncovered 627 idMS/MS spectra,leading to the identification of four main modules, encompassing flavonoids, isoflavonoids, triterpenoids, and amino acids and peptides,alongside other compounds such as phenolics. Profound shifts were observed in both primary and secondary metabolism in response to pathogenic infections. Particularly notable were the bidirectional changes in total flavonoids across diverse pathogenic inoculations, while triterpenoids exhibited a general declining trend. Noteworthy among the highly inducible total flavonoids were known representative antipathogen compounds(glyceollin I), backbone forms of isoflavonoids(daidzein, genistein, glycitein, formononetin), and newly purified compounds in this study(prunin). Subsequently, we delved into the biological roles of these five compounds, validating their diverse functions against pathogens: prunin significantly inhibited the vegetative growth and virulence of Phytophthora sojae; genistein exhibited a pronounced inhibitory effect on the vegetative growth and virulence of Phomopsis longicolla; daidzein and formononetin displayed significant repressive effects on the virulence of P. longicolla. This study underscores the potent utility of metabolomic tools, providing in-depth insights into plant-pathogen interactions from a biochemical perspective. The findings not only contribute to plant pathology but also offer strategic pathways for bolstering plant resistance against diseases on a broader scale.

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Time-restricted feeding:what we have done and what more we can do?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 440-442页

作者： Yuning sun Yuqian Ye Yuqin He shaoyan Liu Department of Head&Neck Surgical Oncology Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer BeijingChina

Obesity and other metabolic syndromes such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes,and hyperlipidemia remain a major public health burden worldwide.Apart from higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases,obesity and other abnormal metabolic status also promote cancer development and poor prognosis of cancer patients(1-3).In addition to using different surgical modalities(4),weight management through lifestyle changes has proven to be a more economical and low-risk approach.For obese patients,whether daily caloric intake can be reasonably restricted is recognized as an important strategy for solving their problem.In the past few years,intermittent fasting(IF),especially time-restricted feeding(TRF),has shown good clinical weight loss effect(>5%loss from baseline)(5).Moreover,people who participate in IF or TRF can often show good compliance,because compared with traditional dieting,IF or TRF does not require participants to record the specific calories of each meal in detail,participants only need to eat within the specified time period and not have any caloric intake at any other time.

关键词： Time-restricted feeding metabolic syndrome circadian rhythm

NLRP3炎症小体在人骨关节炎软骨中的表达及作用

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青岛大学学报（医学版） 2024年第2期60卷 205-208页

作者：刘一楷孙一张少燕李娟张海宁青岛大学附属医院关节外科山东青岛266000 中南大学湘雅医院骨科青岛大学附属医院检验科山东青岛266000 青岛大学附属医院手术室山东青岛266000

目的探究NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体在人骨关节炎(OA)软骨中的表达及作用。方法收集OA病人软骨30例和正常软骨10例,采用逆转录实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)法检测NLRP3炎症小体组分NLRP3、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC... 详细信息

目的探究NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体在人骨关节炎(OA)软骨中的表达及作用。方法收集OA病人软骨30例和正常软骨10例,采用逆转录实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)法检测NLRP3炎症小体组分NLRP3、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1(caspase-1)及炎症因子白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)mRNA的表达,采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1蛋白的表达,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测IL-1β蛋白的表达。结果OA组软骨组织内NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1在mRNA水平和蛋白水平上均较正常软骨组显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.042~6.704,P<0.001)。OA组软骨组织中IL-1β的mRNA和蛋白水平均较正常软骨组显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.826、6.144,P<0.001)。结论OA软骨中NLRP3炎症小体组分表达升高以及IL-1β含量增加,参与了OA关节软骨炎症环境的形成。

关键词：骨关节炎软骨 NLR家族,热蛋白结构域包含蛋白3 炎性体白细胞介素1β

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儿童异基因造血干细胞移植100天后闭塞性细支气管炎综合征临床特点及危险因素分析

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临床儿科杂志 2024年第2期42卷 139-145页

作者：孙若楠李泊涵郑德菲赵夏莹林子云胡昳歆高莉高静李捷卢俊肖佩芳潘健凌婧方芳胡绍燕苏州大学附属儿童医院江苏苏州215025

目的分析儿童异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后闭塞性细支气管炎综合征(BOS)的临床特点及危险因素,以进一步优化治疗方案。方法回顾性分析2010年10月至2018年12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院接受alloHSCT患儿的临床资料。结果共纳入351例... 详细信息

目的分析儿童异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后闭塞性细支气管炎综合征(BOS)的临床特点及危险因素,以进一步优化治疗方案。方法回顾性分析2010年10月至2018年12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院接受alloHSCT患儿的临床资料。结果共纳入351例患儿,男213例、女138例。截止至2019年9月1日,共29例(8.3%)患儿发生BOS,男11例、女18例,中位年龄92.0(67.0~132.0)月。移植至发生BOS的中位时间为10.0(8.5~20.0)月。移植后1、2、3年BOS累积发生率分别为(6.0±1.3)%、(10.0±1.8)%、(10.7±2.0)%。29例BOS患儿中,28例BOS发病前合并其他靶器官慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄较大、女性、移植后100天内有呼吸系统疾病以及合并其他靶器官cGVHD是BOS发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论BOS是HSCT后的严重并发症。女性、年龄较大、合并其他靶器官cGVHD、移植后100天内有呼吸系统疾病的患儿发生BOS的风险更大。

关键词：造血干细胞移植闭塞性细支气管炎综合征移植物抗宿主病儿童

Comments on National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer 2022 in China (English version)

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2022年第5期34卷 447-450页

作者： Hao Wang Jian Wang Xiang Wang Yiming Zhu Yuqing sun Xin Zhang Xiaorong Hou Kun Zheng shaoyan Liu Yansong Lin Department of Clinical Oncology Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao UniversityQingdao 266012China Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Medical Oncology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Nuclear Medicine State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine Beijing 100730China Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine system cancer, of note, the overall survival of TC in China is suboptimal when comparing with the developed countries such as US (84.3%vs.98.3%), posing a great challenge among professionals involved in this field.Standardization of its diagnosis and treatment not only provides the basis for all the care givers to promote the entire level of TC management, but also is helpful in shortening the distance between China and other developed countries. A multidisciplinary team (MDT)should be involved in the comprehensive clinical management of TC, particularly for those advanced or refractory TC, which needs cooperation among members from ultrasonography, radiology, pathology, surgery.

关键词： diagnosis cancer treatment

National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer 2022 in China(English version)

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2022年第3期34卷 131-150页

作者：无 shaoyan Liu Yansong Lin Yiming Zhu Lin Gui Xiaorong Hou Ziren Kong Yuanlin Piao Yuqing sun Hao Wang Jian Wang Bo Zhang Ye Zhang Kun Zheng National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(Beijing)&Hebei Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Langfang) Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Peking Union Medical College Hospital State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Qingdao Municipal Hospital School of MedicineQingdao University China Japan Friendship Hospital

Contents 1. Overview 2. Diagnosis and management 2.1 Screening for high-risk group 2.2 Clinical manifestations 2.2.1 Symptoms 2.2.2 Signs 2.2.3 Invasion and metastasis 2.3 Laboratory examination 2.3.1 Routine examination 2.3.2 Special examination 2.4 Imaging 2.4.1 Ultrasonography 2.4.2 Computed tomography (CT)2.4.3 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)2.4.4 Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT。

关键词： diagnosis metastasis CT

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口腔黏膜黑色素瘤冷冻消融治疗专家共识

实用口腔医学杂志 2024年第2期40卷 149-155页

作者：任国欣孙沫逸唐瞻贵李龙江孟箭孙志军刘绍严何悦尚伟李刚张杰武和明李一黄绍辉张世周龚忠诚王军王安训李志勇黄志权苏彤李吉辰杨凯李伟忠谢卫红席庆赵科玄云泽黄立孙传政韩冰陈彦平陈文革吴云腾魏东亮郭伟上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 200011 口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心陕西省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心空军军医大学第三附属医院口腔颌面头颈肿瘤科中南大学湘雅口腔医院四川大学华西口腔医院徐州市中心医院武汉大学口腔医院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院青岛大学附属医院西安交通大学口腔医院北京大学口腔医院南京医科大学附属口腔医院中国医科大学附属口腔医院山东第一医科大学附属省立医院新疆医科大学第一附属医院甘肃省肿瘤医院中山大学附属第一医院浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院中南大学湘雅医院哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院重庆医科大学附属第一医院南方医科大学南方医院郑州大学第一附属医院解放军总医院贵州省人民医院延边大学附属医院福州医科大学附属第一医院云南省肿瘤医院吉林大学附属口腔医院河北医科大学第四医院山西省人民医院

冷冻消融治疗有着悠久的历史,其抗肿瘤机制、组织病理变化已较明确,且大量临床实践表明冷冻消融治疗安全有效,理论上是一种理想的肿瘤治疗手段。以往一直受冷媒和冷冻设备的限制,制约了其疗效和临床应用。随着以氩氦刀为代表的新一代冷... 详细信息

冷冻消融治疗有着悠久的历史,其抗肿瘤机制、组织病理变化已较明确,且大量临床实践表明冷冻消融治疗安全有效,理论上是一种理想的肿瘤治疗手段。以往一直受冷媒和冷冻设备的限制,制约了其疗效和临床应用。随着以氩氦刀为代表的新一代冷冻消融设备的出现,在制冷效率、消融范围、精准测温等方面取得了长足的进步,极大地推动了肿瘤冷冻消融技术的推广。该共识系统性地总结了冷冻消融技术的机制、口腔黏膜黑色素瘤冷冻治疗的适应证、临床治疗流程、不良反应及处理、冷冻联合治疗等,旨在为口腔黏膜黑色素瘤冷冻消融治疗的规范化开展提供参考。

关键词：口腔黏膜黑色素瘤冷冻消融治疗专家共识

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绿色信贷能发挥碳减排效应吗?

中国人口·资源与环境 2023年第8期33卷 37-47页

作者：孙少岩王笑音高翠云吉林大学经济学院吉林长春130012 辽宁大学经济学部金融与贸易学院辽宁沈阳110136

绿色信贷是推进低碳经济发展的市场型环境规制工具,然而其碳减排效应及影响机制仍有待进一步检验。该研究在厘清绿色信贷影响碳减排理论机制的基础上,运用包含非期望产出的固定效应随机前沿模型测算2000—2019年中国156个城市的全要素... 详细信息

绿色信贷是推进低碳经济发展的市场型环境规制工具,然而其碳减排效应及影响机制仍有待进一步检验。该研究在厘清绿色信贷影响碳减排理论机制的基础上,运用包含非期望产出的固定效应随机前沿模型测算2000—2019年中国156个城市的全要素碳生产率,从生产率、强度和总量三个维度实证检验绿色信贷的碳减排效应及作用渠道和调节机制。研究发现:①绿色信贷具有碳减排效应,主要表现为显著提高全要素碳生产率和降低碳排放强度,但对碳排放总量的平均影响并不显著。以上结论在经过一系列稳健性检验和处理内生性问题后仍然成立。②绿色信贷的碳减排效应因区域位置、资源禀赋和金融效率差异而具有异质性。在中部地区、非资源型城市和金融效率较高的城市,绿色信贷在碳生产率和碳强度维度上均具有显著的碳减排效应,但东部地区、资源型城市和金融效率较低的城市,绿色信贷仅能降低碳强度。③激励绿色创新和降低能源强度是绿色信贷发挥碳减排效应的有效渠道,而结构转化渠道的中介效应尚不显著。在绿色创新渠道中,绿色信贷对绿色创新质量的影响程度更高,且产生了正外溢性;在能源强度渠道中,绿色信贷提高了碳排放效率,但对低碳技术的支持作用有待提升。④环境规制对绿色信贷的碳减排效应具有“正向补偿”和“负向抵消”两种调节机制,金融资源的需求和供给水平较低时,政府加强环境规制会削弱绿色信贷对低碳经济转型的激励作用。以上结论不仅为理解绿色信贷环境效应提供新的研究视角和补充经验证据,而且为进一步完善绿色信贷政策和推动低碳经济发展提供有益参考。

关键词：绿色信贷碳减排效应全要素碳生产率碳强度