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Natural variations in grain length 10(GL10)regulate rice grain size

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 405-413页

作者： Penglin Zhan Shuaipeng Ma Zhili Xiao Fangping Li Xin Wei Shaojun Lin Xiaoling wang Zhe Ji Yu Fu Jiahao Pan Mi Zhou Yue Liu Zengyuan Chang Lu Li Suhong Bu Zupei Liu Haitao Zhu Guifu Liu Guiquan Zhang shaokui wang Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture GuangzhouGuangdong 510642China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Department of Plant Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX13RBUK

Grain size is an important determinant of grain weight and yield in rice.Although several genes related to grain size have been identified,natural variations in these genes that affect grain size are poorly characterized.Here,we describe the grain length QTL GL10,encoding MADS56,which positively regulates grain length and grain weight.A natural allelic variation of NIL-gl10,containing an~1.0-kb deletion in the first exon that abolishes its transcription,results in shorter grain length,lower grain weight and delayed flowering in gl10 plants.The knockout of GL10 in the HJX74 background leads to grain phenotypes similar to that of NIL-gl10,while overexpression of GL10 results in increased grain length and weight and earlier heading date.GL10 regulates grain length by promoting greater longitudinal cell growth in the grain glume.Additionally,GL10 participates in the regulation of gibberellic acid(GA)signaling pathway genes in young panicle tissues.Analysis of GL10 haplotypes shows obvious divergence between the japonica and indica lineages.Our findings reveal an allelic variation of GL10 that may explain differences in grain length among modern cultivars and could be used to breed rice varieties with optimized grain shape.

关键词： Rice GL10 OsMADS56 Grain length SSSL GA

Methylesterification of cell-wall pectin controls the diurnal flower-opening times in rice

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Molecular Plant 2022年第6期15卷 956-972页

作者： Mumei wang Xiaopei Zhu Guoqing Peng Minglong Liu Shuqing Zhang Minghao Chen Shitang Liao Xiaoying Wei Peng Xu Xiyu Tan Fangping Li Zhichuan Li Li Deng Ziliang Luo Liya Zhu Shuai Zhao Dagang Jiang Jing Li Zhenlan Liu Xianrong Xie shaokui wang Aimin Wu Chuxiong Zhuang Hai Zhou Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresourcesCollege of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresourcesCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Agronomy Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Flowers are the core reproductive organ of plants, and flowering is essential for cross-pollination. Diurnal flower-opening time is thus a key trait influencing reproductive isolation, hybrid breeding, and thermostability in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling this trait remain unknown. Here, we report that rice Diurnal Flower Opening Time 1 (DFOT1) modulates pectin methylesterase (PME) activity to regulate pectin methylesterification levels of the lodicule cell walls, which affect lodicule swelling to control diurnal flower-opening time. DFOT1 is specifically expressed in the lodicules, and its expression gradually increases with the approach to flowering but decreases with flowering. Importantly, a knockout of DFOT1 showed earlier diurnal flower opening. We demonstrate that DFOT1 interacts directly with multiple PMEs to promote their activity. Knockout of PME40 also resulted in early diurnal flower opening, whereas overexpression of PME42 delayed diurnal flower opening. Lower PME activity was observed to be associated with higher levels of pectin methylesterification and the softening of cell walls in lodicules, which contribute to the absorption of water by lodicules and cause them to swell, thus promoting early diurnal flower opening. Higher PME activity had the opposite effect. Collectively, our work uncovers a molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of diurnal flower-opening time in rice, which would help reduce the costs of hybrid breeding and improve the heat tolerance of flowering plants by avoiding higher temperatures at anthesis.

关键词： rice hybrid breeding flowering diurnal flower-opening times cell wall pectin methylesterase

GL9 from Oryza glumaepatula controls grain size and chalkiness in rice

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 198-207页

作者： Shaojun Lin Zupei Liu Kui Zhang Weifeng Yang Penglin Zhan Quanya Tan Yajun Gou Shuaipeng Ma Xin Luan Chubing Huang Zhili Xiao Yuanyuan Liu Bihuang Zhu Ruiqing Liang Wenqi Zhou Haitao Zhu Suhong Bu Guifu Liu Guiquan Zhang shaokui wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510630GuangdongChina

Grain size is a key factor influencing grain yield and appearance quality in rice.We identified twelve quantitative trait loci(QTL)for grain length(GL),nine for grain width(GW),and nine for 1000-kernel weight(TKW)using GLU-SSSLs,which are single-segment substitution lines with Oryza glumaepatula as donor parent and Huajingxian 74(HJX74)as recipient parent.Among the QTL,qGL1-2,qGL1-4,qGL9-2,qGW2-2,qGW9-1 and qTKW9-2 contributed to high grain yield.GL9 was identified as a candidate gene for qGL9-2 by map-based cloning and sequencing,and is a novel allele of GS9.The kernel of NIL-gl9was slenderer and longer than that of HJX74,and the TKW and grain yield per plant of NIL-gl9 were higher than those of HJX74.The proportion of grain chalkiness of NIL-gl9 was much lower than that of HJX74.Thus,gl9 increased grain yield and appearance quality simultaneously.Three pyramid lines,NIL-gs3/gl9,NIL-GW7/gl9 and NIL-gw8/gl9,were developed and the kernel of each was longer than that of the corresponding recipient parent lines.The gl9 allele may be beneficial for breeding rice varieties with high grain yield and good appearance quality.

关键词： Oryza glumaepatula GL9 Grain size Grain chalkiness Single-segment substitution line

Fine Mapping of QTLs for Stigma Exsertion Rate from Oryza glaberrima by Chromosome Segment Substitution

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Rice science 2022年第1期29卷 55-66,I0024页

作者： TAN Quanya ZHU Haitao LIU Hui NI Yuerong WU Shengze LUAN Xin LIU Junwei YANG Weifeng YANG Zifeng ZENG Ruizhen LIU Guifu wang shaokui ZHANG Guiquan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Stigma exsertion is an important trait for outcrossing ability in rice.Stigma exsertion rate(SER)of male sterile lines(MSLs)is a key factor affecting F1-seed production in hybrid rice.In this study,seven QTLs for SER were detected on five chromosomes using a set of single-segment substitution lines(SSSLs)derived from O.glaberrima.Three of the QTLs were mapped in the estimated intervals of 92.5–333.0 kb.qSER-5 was located in a substitution segment of 92.5 kb.qS ER-1 b and qS ER-8 b were respectively limited to 333.0 kb and 107.5 kb by secondary substitution mapping.qSER-1 b and qSER-3 had bigger additive effects of 11.5%and 11.9%,respectively,while the other five QTLs had smaller additive effects from 5.7%to 8.6%.Open reading frames were identified in the regions of qS ER-5 and qSER-8 b in O.sativa and O.glaberrima genomes.Fine mapping of the QTLs laid a foundation for the cloning of genes,and QTLs for SER will be used to develop MSLs with strong ability of outcrossing.

关键词： stigma exsertion QTL single-segment substitution line substitution mapping Oryza glaberrima

基因组倒位变异参与塑造了水稻遗传和表型的多样性

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 593-596页

作者：贺文闯贺慧英袁巧玲张海李笑霞王天依杨映雪杨龙波杨玉亭刘相培魏华张泓张斌郭明亮冷月施传琳吕阳陈武汪贤猛张志鹏于博汇张彬涛许强钱宏革周永锋王少奎钱前商连光 Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China School of Life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Yazhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China

Genomic structural variations affected widely gene function and morphological traits in plants.Chromosomal inversions(INVs),as an important form of structural variation,can be large and extend to megabases in length[1],and form the genetic basis of local adaptation and ecotypic differentiation in sunflowers[2],Boechera stricta[3],monkeyflowers[4],mimetic butterflies[5]and ruffs[6],sex determination in nine-spined stickleback[7]and cancer and neurodevelopmental disease in human[8].At present,structural variants,and in particular,INVs,remain largely uncharacterized in plants despite their importance for local adaptation in a variety of species[1],with only a few studies exploring INVs polymorphisms at the population level.Hence,it remains unclear whether adaptive INVs can directly shape the genetic basis for diverse phenotypes in plants,especially in domesticated crops.

关键词：水稻遗传 flowers adaptation

Low-temperature antiferromagnetic order of Ni_4 single-molecule magnets

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2012年第1期55卷 11-13页

作者： ZUO JunWei LIU HaiQing LI YanRong SU shaokui wang YunPing Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 603 Beijing 100190 China

The low-temperature specific heat of Ni4 single-molecule magnets (SMMs) is measured in a PPMS He-3 system. The tem- perature-dependent specific heat of Ni4 SMMs shows an antiferromagnetic phase transition at 0.91 K. The experimental results are in good consistency with Monte Carlo simulation of 3D-Ising model, indicating two independent diamond-like antiferro-magnetic structures with an exchange energy J = 0.020 K in Ni4 system.

关键词：单分子磁体反铁磁低温 Ising模型蒙特卡罗模拟比热测量温度依赖性 PPMS

The regulation of OsSPL16 promotes grain yield in rice

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The regulation of OsSPL16 promotes grain yield in rice

Isolation,identification,and virulence gene analysis of pathogenic Aeromonas dhakensis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii and histopathological observation

第十四届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： shaokui wang Kun Wu Xueyuan Sun Guiquan Zhang Xiangdong Fu Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences South China Agricultural University

Panicle architecture and grain size are the important components of grain yield in the major crops,which have been much improved by human intervention since the species was first domesticated.Here we show that a quant... 详细信息

关键词： rice OsSPL16 grain yield SAP18 protein interaction

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 664-675页

作者： Xin PENG Haihui TU Xinyi YAO Xuan LAN Zhenxiao ZHONG Jinping LUO Qiongying TANG shaokui YI Zhenglong XIA Guoliang YANG Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development College of Life SciencesHuzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co. Ltd.Gaoyou 225654China

To identify the cause of mass mortality of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a farm in Gaoyou City,Jiangsu Province,China,a dominant strain named DKQ-1 was isolated from the hepatopancreas of dying M.rosenbergii and identified as Aeromonas dhakensis by purification culture,biochemical characterization,and 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis.The results of the challenge test revealed that the strain was highly pathogenic and the 50%lethal dose(LD_(50))in 72 h to M.rosenbergii was 1.54×10^(5)CFU/mL.The amplification results of virulence genes show that strain DKQ-1 carried 9 virulence genes,including ascV,aexT,aer,act,lip,ompAI,gcaT,acg,and exu,supporting the strong virulence of strain DKQ-1 to M.rosenbergii.Histopathological observation of the hepatopancreas,gills,and intestines indicated that DKQ-1 injection into M.rosenbergii could cause serious tissue damage,which further supported the strong virulence of this strain.In addition,a drug susceptibility test revealed that strain DKQ-1 was sensitive to 16 kinds of antibiotics,resistant to 9 kinds of antibiotics,and had intermediate resistance to spectinomycin and kanamycin.This study is the first report of A.dhakensis isolated from M.rosenbergii and provided a reference for the pathogen identification of bacterial diseases in M.rosenbergii,and for the prevention and treatment caused by A.dhakensis.

关键词： Aeromonas dhakensis histopathology virulence gene gyrB drug susceptibility test Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Genetic parameter evaluation for growth and cold resistance traits of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 609-619页

作者： Haihui TU Qianqian XING Zhenxiao ZHONG Qiongying TANG shaokui YI Zhenglong XIA Miaoying CAI Jingfen LI Quanxin GAO Guoliang YANG Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development College of Life SciencesHuzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Fengjiashan Reservoir Administration Bureau Baoji 721300China Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co.Ltd. Gaoyou 225654China

The giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii distributed from tropical to subtropical regions,is a warm-water species,and its survival temperature is 14-35°C,which greatly limits its culture cycle and culture area in China.Therefore,it is urgent to cultivate a new high quality,high yield variety with improved cold-resistance,but the genetic parameters for cold-resistance traits are unknown in M.rosenbergii.In this study,the cold-resistance of adult M.rosenbergii populations was tested using the indoor artificial cooling method.Individuals were selected from 139 families of Shufeng G3 generation and cultured for 200 days.A linear mixed model was constructed by ASReml-R to evaluate the genetic parameters of the cold-resistance trait(cooling degree hours,CDH)and growth traits(body weight,BW,and body length,BL)based on the restricted maximum likelihood(REML)method.The results show that the heritability of CDH was low(0.12±0.05),while the growth traits(BW and BL)had low to moderate heritability,with 0.20±0.06 for BW and 0.06±0.04 for BL.The phenotypic and genetic correlation between BW and BL was significantly positive,but significantly negative phenotypic and genetic correlations were detected between CDH and BW and between CDH and BL.Furthermore,the analysis of the differences between cold-resistance and phenotypic traits showed that the female reproductive status,exoskeleton hardness and claw number of adult prawns had a great influence on the cold-resistance of M.rosenbergii(P<0.05),indicating that adults with claws and hard exoskeletons are preferred as parents in subsequent breeding selection.The present results can be attributed to the selection and breeding of a new cold-resistant variety of M.rosenbergii.

关键词： cold-resistance growth traits heritability correlation Macrobrachium rosenbergii