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Functional requirement of terminal inverted repeats for efficient ProtoRAG activity reveals the early evolution of V(D)J recombination

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 403-417页

作者： Xin Tao shaochun yuan Fan Chen Xiaoman Gao Xinli Wang Wenjuan Yu Song Liu Ziwen Huang Shangwu Chen Anlong Xu State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

The discovery of ProtoRAG in amphioxus indicated that vertebrate RAG recombinases originated from an ancient transposon. However, the sequences of ProtoRAG terminal inverted repeats(TIRs) were obviously dissimilar to the consensus sequence of mouse 12/23 RSS and recombination mediated by Proto RAG or RAG made them incompatible with each other. Thus, it is difficult to determine whether or how 12/23 RSS persisted in the vertebrate RAG system that evolved from the TIRs of ancient RAG transposons. Here, we found that the activity of ProtoRAG is highly dependent on its asymmetric 5 TIR and 3 TIR, which are composed of conserved TR1 and TR5 elements and a partially conserved TRsp element of 27/31 bp to separate them. Similar to the requirements for the recombination signal sequences(RSSs) of RAG recombinase, the first CAC in TR1, the three dinucleotides in TR5 and the specific length of the partially conserved TRsp are important for the efficient recombination activity of ProtoRAG. In addition, the homologous sequences flanking the signal sequences facilitate Proto RAG-but not RAG-mediated recombination. In addition to the diverged TIRs, two differentiated functional domains in Bb RAG1 L were defined to coordinate with the divergence between TIRs and RSSs. One of these is the CTT?domain, which facilitates the specific TIR recognition of the Bb RAGL complex, and the other is NBD?, which is responsible for DNA binding and the protein stabilization of the Bb RAGL complex. Thus, our findings reveal that the functional requirement for ProtoRAG TIRs is similar to that for RSS in RAG-mediated recombination, which not only supports the common origin of ProtoRAG TIRs and RSSs from the asymmetric TIRs of ancient RAG transposons, but also reveals the development of RAG and RAG-like machineries during chordate evolution.

关键词： ProtoRAG transposon terminal inverted repeat V(D)J recombination recombination signal sequence evolution

Stormwater Quality Characteristics and Reuse Analysis of Different Underlying Surfaces at Wanzhou North Station

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2022年第2期4卷 45-53页

作者： shaochun yuan Ting Li Qingwei Yang Shun You Tao He Bo Lv Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing400074China Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center for Sponge City Construction Chongqing400020China Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology Chongqing401123China

In response to the water shortage in Wanzhou North Station(WNS),the authors investigated the stormwater quality characteristics with different underlying surfaces of WNS and carried out stormwater reuse analysis in conjunction with the InfoWorks ICM *** results show that during heavy,torrential,and moderate rainfall,the road stormwater runoff has the highest concentrations of pollutants,with an average EMC(event mean concentration)value of 206 mg/L for *** the square runoff,the average EMC values of COD,SS,TN,and TP are 108 mg/L,395 mg/L,2.113 mg/L,and 0.128 mg/L,in comparison,the average EMC values of the corresponding indexes for the roof runoff are 65 mg/L,212 mg/L,1.449 mg/L,and 0.086 mg/L,respectively,demonstrating their potential for *** R2(coefficient of determination)of SS and COD in both roof and square runoff are greater than 0.85,with a good correlation,indicating that SS removal is the key to stormwater *** ICM analysis shows that the recyclable volume of rainwater from WNS in 2018 is 29,410 m3,accounting for 61.8%of the total annual *** study is expected to provide an ideal reference for the stormwater management of public buildings in mountainous areas.

关键词： Stormwater quality Underlying surface Recyclable rainfall Stormwater utilization

Discovery of an Ancient RAG Transposon in Basal Chordate Illuminates the Origins of V(D)J Recombination

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Discovery of an Ancient RAG Transposon in Basal Chordate Ill...

第十一届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Tao Xin Huang Shengfeng yuan shaochun Xu Anlong Sun Yat-sen University Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

V(D)J recombination has been known as intelligent design to generate highly diversified repertoire of antigen receptors in jawed vertebrate adaptive ***-option of RAG1 and RAG2 for antigen receptor gene assembly by V(D)J recombination was a critical step in the evolution of jawed vertebrate adaptive *** hypotheses have been proposed regarding the origin and evolution of *** convincing theory proposes that RAG1/2

关键词： RAG transposon origin amphioxus V(D) recombination

A Novel Mechanism of Host Defense against Pathogens:Insight from TLR signaling at the basal chordate amphioxus

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A Novel Mechanism of Host Defense against Pathogens:Insight ...

第八届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： shaochun yuan Shengfeng Huang Shangwu Chen Anlong Xu Sun Yat-sen University

None of the classical or vertebrate-specific adaptive elements(MHC,TCR,Ig)based immunity have been found in cepholochordate,urochordates or *** proverbial view raises a question on how do these ancestral chordates discriminate between the constituents of the external world and the constituents of"self"and how our vertebrate immune system is originated from?With extensive studies on the immune system of amphioxus,particularly based on the comparative and functional genomics,we reveal a novel innate immune system which seems to be generated by a big bang expansion and somehow reduced in the following evolu-

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Degradation of WTAP Blocks Antiviral Responses by Reducing the m6A Levels of IRF3 and IFNAR1 mRNA

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Degradation of WTAP Blocks Antiviral Responses by Reducing t...

第十四届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Yong Ge Tao Ling shaochun yuan Anlong Xu School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

N-methyladenosine(mA) is a chemical modification present in multiple RNA species and is added to mRNA by a multisubunit ‘writer’ complex composed of the METTL3/METTL14/WTAP heterotrimer and numerous additional adaptor proteins. Studies on mA reveal its comprehensive roles in almost every aspect of mRNA metabolism and mA has emerged as a widespread regulatory mechanism that controls gene expression in diverse physiological processes. Type I IFNs are important for host defence against viruses. To avoid excessive or dysregulated IFN responses, the host has developed sophisticated mechanisms at multiple-levels to maintain appropriate IFN responses and ensure the most favorable outcome. Some recent discoveries indicate that mA can affect the life cycles of numerous viruses as well as the cellular antiviral immune response. However, the specific mechanisms, especially whether and how mA modification regulate the production of type I IFNs and ISGs, are still largely unknown. Here, we reveal that WT1-associated protein(WTAP), one of the mA ‘writers’, is degraded via the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway upon activation of IFN-I signaling. By screening the key components involved in IFN-I signaling after knocking down WTAP, we find that degradation of WTAP can block antiviral responses by reducing the protein abundance of IFN-regulatory factor 3(IRF3) and interferon alpha/beta receptor subunit 1(IFNAR1). Further tests show that the mA levels of IRF3 and IFNAR1 mRNAs are reduced with the degradation of WTAP, leading to translational suppression of IRF3 and instability of IFNAR1 mRNAs. Thus, the WTAP-IRF3/IFNAR1 axis may serve as negative feedback pathway to fine-tune the activation of IFN-I signaling to protect the host from immunopathology of overreactive and harmful IFN-I production, which highlights the sophisticated regulatory mechanisms of antiviral responses at post-transcriptional level and the roles of mA in the antiviral responses by dictating the fate of mRNAs assoc

关键词： antiviral responses IFNAR1 IRF3 m~6A modification WTAP

Origin and Evolution of Vertebrate Adaptive Immunity:Insights from Amphioxus

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Origin and Evolution of Vertebrate Adaptive Immunity:Insight...

第十二届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Anlong Xu Xin Tao shaochun yuan Shengfeng Huang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen University Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Adaptive immunity is characterized for its highly diversified antigen receptors and immunologic *** jawed vertebrates,it depends on immunoglobulin(Ig)and T cell receptors(TCRs)to recognize specific antigens,and replac... 详细信息

关键词： adaptive immunity origin rag transposon V(D)J recombination

The genomic, transcriptomic and cellular analyses of amphioxus immunity indicate the emergence of adaptive immunity in basal chordate

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The genomic, transcriptomic and cellular analyses of amphiox...

第八届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： shaochun yuan Xin Tao Shengfeng Huang Shangwu Chen Anlong Xu State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol National Engineering Center of South China Sea for Marine Biotechnology Department of Biochemistry College of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen(Zhongshan) University

Conceptually, animal immunity is divided into two interrelated aspects, adaptive and innate *** origin of vertebrate adaptive immunity is of particular interest for immunologists to *** discovery of VLR(variable leu-rich repeat) as the brand new antigen receptor of lymphocytes in lamprey suggests the presence of alternative adaptive immunity in jawless *** identification of the orthologs of Ig, TCR, MHC and RAG1/2 in invertebrates prompt immunologists to trace the origin of adaptive immunity into more basal species so as to resolve such intriguing *** group have conducted a systemic analysis on the immune system of amphioxus, the key species at the transition from invertebrates to vertebrates, for last 10 years, in order to address this ***, we identified the lymphocyte-like cells along with related transcription factors and the signaling molecules for lymphoid proliferation and differentiation in the gill and intestinal regions of *** then found a novel membrane-bound Ig SF called VCP which can bind PAMPs and interact with syk to phosphorylate an ITAM-like ***, an extrinsic apoptosis pathway was revealed in amphioxus, which has long been considered as vertebrate specific and emerged along with the adaptive *** most interesting finding is that a complete RAG locus with RAG1 and RAG2 in opposite transcription orientation of genome was identified through screening amphioxus BAC *** these facts are insufficient to prove that amphioxus possesses functionally similar adaptive immunity as agnatha or gnathostomata, but at least imply the presence of some basic components for adaptive immunity in *** functional and mechanistic studies on amphioxus VCP and RAGs would add new knowledge in understanding the origin of adaptive immunity.

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基于InfoWorks_ICM模型的山地城市老旧建筑小区海绵化改造方案设计及评估

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水资源保护 2020年第5期36卷 43-49,70页

作者：袁绍春王怀鋆吕波刘杰重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室重庆400074 重庆市海绵城市建设工程技术研究中心重庆400020

为解决山地城市老旧建筑小区内涝积水问题,以重庆市万州区某老旧建筑小区海绵化改造为例,基于InfoWorks_ICM模型,提出一套海绵化改造方案和效能评估的方法。采用万州区典型年实测5 min降水数据序列对改造前后的年径流总量控制率和年径... 详细信息

为解决山地城市老旧建筑小区内涝积水问题,以重庆市万州区某老旧建筑小区海绵化改造为例,基于InfoWorks_ICM模型,提出一套海绵化改造方案和效能评估的方法。采用万州区典型年实测5 min降水数据序列对改造前后的年径流总量控制率和年径流SS污染负荷削减率进行模拟分析,采用芝加哥雨型2h设计暴雨过程线分别对改造前后1年一遇、3年一遇、5年一遇、10年一遇、30年一遇、50年一遇暴雨过程进行内涝积水风险模拟分析,结果表明,改造方案满足规划指标要求,能够显著改善小区内涝积水问题。

关键词：山地城市老旧建筑小区海绵化改造 InfoWorks_ICM模型内涝积水风险雨洪模型

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好氧颗粒污泥结构特点及稳定性研究进展

工业水处理 2021年第10期41卷 28-35页

作者：陈颖陈垚李聪袁绍春重庆交通大学河海学院重庆400074 重庆交通大学环境水利工程重庆市工程实验室重庆400074

好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)具有较高的生物丰度、良好的沉降性能、高效的脱氮除磷及抗冲击负荷等优点,在废水处理领域得到广泛关注。但成粒速度慢,成粒后易解体是限制AGS广泛应用的技术瓶颈。因此,实现AGS快速颗粒化并... 详细信息

好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)具有较高的生物丰度、良好的沉降性能、高效的脱氮除磷及抗冲击负荷等优点,在废水处理领域得到广泛关注。但成粒速度慢,成粒后易解体是限制AGS广泛应用的技术瓶颈。因此,实现AGS快速颗粒化并维持稳定结构是AGS技术推广应用的关键。首先通过成粒模型假说总结了AGS典型的结构,分析了优势菌群及其空间分布特性,之后从宏观和微观2个尺度论述了关于AGS结构稳定性影响因素方面的研究进展,并指出了AGS技术今后的研究重点。

关键词：好氧颗粒污泥颗粒结构菌胶团丝状菌结构稳定性

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