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GECAM伽马暴数据分析算法和软件设计介绍

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2020年第12期50卷 116-124页

作者：宋欣颖熊少林罗琦廖进元朱玥黄跃乔锐郭东亚陈维张凯蔡策肖硕彭文溪宋黎明郑世界王平李小波马想中国科学院高能物理研究所北京100049 曲阜师范大学物理工程学院济宁273100

引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor,GECAM)的物理数据分析工作至关重要,所以科学用户需要一套能够涵盖所有伽马暴数据分析功能的软件,且该软件具有满足用... 详细信息

引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor,GECAM)的物理数据分析工作至关重要,所以科学用户需要一套能够涵盖所有伽马暴数据分析功能的软件,且该软件具有满足用户友好、简单易用等特点.本文描述了GECAM伽马暴数据分析软件的架构设计,包括图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface,GUI)和命令行界面(Command Line Interface,CLI),以及伽马暴数据分析的核心算法.本文对核心算法的设计和分析流程进行了概述,包括数据处理、本底分析、伽马暴定位、能谱拟合、上限计算、信号显著性计算、光变分析、外部触发事件关联概率计算,以及对GECAM触发事件进行分类的朴素贝叶斯分类器,为今后利用GECAM开展伽马暴数据分析工作提供了依据和参考.

关键词：引力波伽马暴数据分析软件设计

Insight-HXMT observations of the first binary neutron star merger GW170817

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第3期61卷 26-33页

作者： TiPei Li shaolin xiong ShuangNan Zhang FangJun Lu LiMing Song XueLei Cao Zhi Chang Gang Chen Li Chen TianXiang Chen Yong Chen YiBao Chen YuPeng Chen Wei Cui WeiWei Cui JingKang Deng YongWei Dong YuanYuan Du MinXue Fu GuanHua Gao He Gao Min Gao MingYu Ge YuDong Gu Ju Guan ChengCheng Guo DaWei Han Wei Hu Yue Huang Jia Huo ShuMei Jia LuHua Jiang WeiChun Jiang Jing Jin YongJie Jin Bing Li ChengKui Li Gang Li MaoShun Li Wei Li Xian Li XiaoBo Li XuFang Li YanGuo Li ZiJian Li ZhengWei Li XiaoHua Liang JinYuan Liao CongZhan Liu GuoQing Liu HongWei Liu ShaoZhen Liu XiaoJing Liu Yuan Liu YiNong Liu Bo Lu XueFeng Lu Tao Luo Xiang Ma Bin Meng Yi Nang JianYin Nie Ge OU JinLu Qu Na Sai Liang Sun Yin Tan Lian Tao WenHui Tao YouLi Tuo GuoFeng Wang HuanYu Wang Juan Wang WenShuai Wang YuSa Wang XiangYang Wen BoBing WU Mei Wu GuangCheng Xiao He Xu YuPeng Xu LinLi Yan JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang AiMei Zhang ChunLei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang HongMei Zhang Juan Zhang Qiang Zhang Shu Zhang Tong Zhang Wei Zhang WanChang Zhang WenZhao Zhang Yi Zhang Yue Zhang YiFei Zhang YongJie Zhang Zhao Zhang ZiLiang Zhang HaiSheng Zhao JianLing Zhao XiaoFan Zhao ShiJie Zheng Yue Zhu YuXuan Zhu ChangLin Zou Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100088 China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Finding the electromagnetic （EM） counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star （BNS） merger, is critically important for gravitational wave （GW） astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug. 17, 2017, Advanced LIGO and Fermi/GBM independently triggered the first BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart, GRB 170817A, respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray, X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-ray telescope （HE） onboard Insight-HXMT （Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope） is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GW localization area and especially the optical counterpart （SSS17a/AT2017gfo） with very large collection area （M000 cm2） and microsecond time resolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition, Insight-HXMT quickly implemented a Target of Opportunity （TOO） observation to scan the GW localization area for potential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although Insight-HXMT did not detect any significant high energy （0.2-5 MeV） radiation from GW170817, its observation helped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817A. Meanwhile, Insight-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringent constraints （-10-7 to 104 erg/cm2/s） for both GRB170817A and any other possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us to better understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger. Therefore the observation of Insight-HXMT constitutes an important chapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observation of this historical GW event.

关键词： GW170817 BNS merger gravitational wave electromagnetic counterpart

POLAR伽马暴瞬时辐射偏振测量与脉冲星导航试验研究进展

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科学通报 2023年第22期68卷 2951-2960页

作者：孙建超张双南熊少林吴伯冰郑世界鲍天威董永伟高旻何江李汉成李陆李正恒刘江涛刘鑫马佳宋黎明王瑞杰王源浩吴佩莲徐岩冰杨生张来宇张永杰赵一中国科学院高能物理研究所粒子天体物理重点实验室北京100049 中国科学院大学北京100049 Department of Astronomy University of GenevaVersoix CH-1290Switzerland 上海科技大学大科学中心上海201210 成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院成都610059 北京师范大学天文系北京100875

伽马射线暴(简称伽马暴,gamma-ray burst,GRB)从发现至今已超过半个世纪,其观测样本得到了极大提高,理论研究也取得了瞩目的成果.但对伽马暴的研究还有诸多未解之谜,例如伽马暴的分类和起源、爆发过程中的喷流成分、辐射机制和磁场构型... 详细信息

伽马射线暴(简称伽马暴,gamma-ray burst,GRB)从发现至今已超过半个世纪,其观测样本得到了极大提高,理论研究也取得了瞩目的成果.但对伽马暴的研究还有诸多未解之谜,例如伽马暴的分类和起源、爆发过程中的喷流成分、辐射机制和磁场构型等.其中,对于伽马暴的辐射机制,科学家提出了多种理论模型,不同的模型对于伽马暴爆发期间产生的伽马射线偏振状态的预测不同.因此,采用测量偏振的方法,可以对伽马暴的爆发机制进行研究,并且理解产生伽马射线的极端相对论喷流的结构及其磁场的构型等物理问题.然而,测量伽马暴瞬时辐射过程中的偏振具有极高的挑战性.伽马暴偏振探测仪(POLAR)是一台专门用于高精度测量伽马暴瞬时辐射偏振的空间望远镜,2016年9月15日搭载于我国的空间实验室“天宫二号”成功发射.POLAR在轨共探测到55个确认的伽马暴,首批给出了5个伽马暴的高精度偏振测量结果,最终统计性地给出了14个伽马暴的偏振测量结果.同时,POLAR还观测到了Crab脉冲星信号和太阳X射线耀发事件等.本文简要介绍POLAR,并给出其在轨伽马暴偏振测量结果以及利用观测到的脉冲星信号所开展的导航试验研究进展情况.此外,简要介绍POLAR的后续实验项目POLAR-2,对其未来的科学探测能力进行展望.

关键词：伽马射线暴瞬时辐射偏振脉冲星导航伽马暴偏振探测仪

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Overview to the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) Satellite

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第4期63卷 2-19页

作者： Shuang-Nan Zhang TiPei Li FangJun Lu LiMing Song YuPeng X u CongZhan Liu Yong Chen XueLei Cao QingCui Bu Zhi Chang Gang Chen Li Chen TianXiang Chen YiBao Chen YuPeng Chen Wei Cui WeiWei Cui JingKang Deng YongWei Dong Yuan Yuan Du MinXue Fu GuanHua Gao He Gao Min Gao MingYu Ge YuDong Gu Ju Guan Can Gungor ChengCheng Guo DaWei Han Wei Hu Yue Huang Jia Huo ShuMei Jia LuHua Jiang WeiChun Jiang Jing Jin YongJie Jin Bing Li ChengKui Li Gang Li MaoShun Li Wei Li Xian Li XiaoBo Li XuFang Li YanGuo Li ZiJian Li ZhengWei Li XiaoHua Liang JinYuan Liao GuoQing Liu HongWei Liu ShaoZhen Liu XiaoJing Liu Yuan Liu YiNong Liu Bo Lu XueFeng Lu Tao Luo Xiang Ma Bin Meng Yi Nang JianYin Nie Ge Ou JinLu Qu Na Sai RenCheng Shang GuoHong Shen Liang Sun Ying Tan Lian Tao YouLi Tuo Chen Wang ChunQin Wang GuoFeng Wang HuanYu Wang Juan Wang WenShuai Wang YuSa Wang XiangYang Wen BaiYang Wu BoBing Wu Mei Wu GuangCheng Xiao shaolin xiong LinLi Yan JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang QiBin Yi Bin Yuan AiMei Zhang ChunLei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang HongMei Zhang Juan Zhang Qiang Zhang ShenYi Zhangs Shu Zhang Tong Zhang WanChang Zhang Wei Zhang WenZhao Zhang Yi Zhang YiFei Zhang YongJie Zhang Yue Zhang Zhao Zhang Zhi Zhang ZiLiang Zhang HaiSheng Zhao XiaoFan Zhao ShiJie Zheng JianFeng Zhou YuXuan Zhu Yue Zhu RenLin Zhuang Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Astronomy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100088China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

As China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15, 2017, is a wide-band(1-250 ke V) slat-collimator-based X-ray astronomy satellite with the capability of all-sky monitoring in 0.2-3 Me V. It was designed to perform pointing, scanning and gamma-ray burst(GRB)observations and, based on the Direct Demodulation Method (DDM), the image of the scanned sky region can be *** we give an overview of the mission and its progresses, including payload, core sciences, ground calibration/facility, ground segment, data archive, software, in-orbit performance, calibration, background model, observations and some preliminary results.

关键词： X-and γ-ray telescopes and instrumentation neutron stars black holes X-ray binaries γ-ray bursts

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GECAM卫星有效载荷介绍

中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2020年第12期50卷 80-96页

作者：李新乔文向阳安正华徐岩冰梁晓华杨生孙希磊刘晓静高旻汪锦州张大力龚轲刘雅清赵小芸彭文溪朱玥李刚乔锐郭东亚廖进元卢红王辉李延国陈刚张帆熊少林中国科学院高能物理研究所北京100049

引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor,GECAM)卫星旨在实现对引力波事件的高能电磁对应体的全天监测,并监测全天的快速射电暴的高能辐射、特殊伽马暴以及磁... 详细信息

引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor,GECAM)卫星旨在实现对引力波事件的高能电磁对应体的全天监测,并监测全天的快速射电暴的高能辐射、特殊伽马暴以及磁星爆发等高能天体爆发事件,为相关的物理研究提供能谱、光变及定位等观测数据.GECAM由两颗共轨共轭运行的卫星组成,卫星均采用反地心指向,实现视场的全天覆盖.卫星有效载荷包括两种探测器:伽马射线探测器(Gamma-Ray Detector,GRD)和荷电粒子探测器(Charged Particle Detector,CPD).GRD采用溴化镧晶体匹配SiPM(Silicon PhotoMultiplier)技术探测8 keV–2 MeV的X/γ射线,通过两颗星多探头联合探测实现对伽马暴等爆发事件的定位;CPD利用塑料闪烁体匹配SiPM技术探测300 keV–5 MeV的荷电粒子,同GRD联合可鉴别和排除空间粒子事件.有效载荷的载荷处理器(Electronics Box,EBOX)具有在轨触发定位能力,将通过北斗短报文准实时下传触发时间和定位等信息,从而引导其他望远镜进行后随观测.

关键词：引力波事件伽马暴溴化镧 SiPM 在轨触发定位

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农村住宅建筑太阳能热水系统的节水节能研究

给水排水 2013年第1期39卷 152-156页

作者：陈少林熊家晴香港华艺设计顾问(深圳)有限公司深圳518031 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西安710055

以南方某农村住宅的太阳能热水系统为研究背景,从冷水温度、热水用水定额、供热管网设计、辅助热源的设置等方面研究住宅太阳能热水系统的节水节能措施,使住宅建筑太阳能热水系统更加优化。

关键词：太阳能热水系统冷水温度最高日热水用水定额节水节能农村

鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林凋落叶分解与土壤动物群落动态和多样性

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生态学杂志 2005年第10期24卷 1120-1126页

作者：熊燕刘强陈欢彭少麟华东师范大学生命科学学院上海200062 海南师范学院生物系海口571158 中山大学生命科学学院广州510275

2001年12月～2002年12月,采用不同孔径分解凋落叶样袋法,对鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林3类凋落叶的分解进行了研究,并对落叶分解过程中凋落叶袋内和袋下土样中的土壤动物群落和多样性进行了调查.结果表明,3种孔径袋内凋落叶的分解速率为大孔... 详细信息

2001年12月～2002年12月,采用不同孔径分解凋落叶样袋法,对鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林3类凋落叶的分解进行了研究,并对落叶分解过程中凋落叶袋内和袋下土样中的土壤动物群落和多样性进行了调查.结果表明,3种孔径袋内凋落叶的分解速率为大孔＞中孔＞微孔;混合凋落叶的分解速率大于单种凋落叶;蜱螨目在凋落叶分解的整个过程中相对数量都较高,弹尾目在凋落叶的分解过程中在凋落叶袋和土壤间移动,数量变化较大.凋落叶袋内大、中型土壤动物的个体数量在分解前期较多,中、小型土壤动物在分解的中期数量剧增;凋落叶袋内土壤动物的个体数量、密度以及多样性指数都随着落叶的分解而增加,9月最高;土壤样内则在分解的前期较高,以后逐渐降低.凋落叶的分解和土壤动物群落动态及多样性受凋落叶基质质量以及样地温度、降雨量等综合因素的影响.

关键词：落叶分解土壤动物群落多样性亚热带鼎湖山

The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 3-27页

作者： ShuangNan Zhang Andrea Santangelo Marco Feroci YuPeng Xu FangJun Lu Yong Chen Hua Feng Shu Zhang Sφren Brandt Margarita Hernanz Luca Baldini Enrico Bozzo Riccardo Campana Alessandra De Rosa YongWei Dong Yuri Evangelista Vladimir Karas Norbert Meidinger Aline Meuris Kirpal Nandra Teng Pan Giovanni Pareschi Piotr Orleanski QiuShi Huang Stephane Schanne Giorgia Sironi Daniele Spiga Jiri Svoboda Gianpiero Tagliaferri Christoph Tenzer Andrea Vacchi Silvia Zane Dave Walton ZhanShan Wang Berend Winter Xin Wu Jean J.M.in't Zand Mahdi Ahangarianabhari Giovanni Ambrosi Filippo Ambrosino Marco Barbera Stefano Basso Jörg Bayer Ronaldo Bellazzini Pierluigi Bellutti Bruna Bertucci Giuseppe Bertuccio Giacomo Borghi XueLei Cao Franck Cadoux Francesco Ceraudo TianXiang Chen Yu Peng Chen Jerome Chevenez Marta Civitani Wei Cui WeiWei Cui Thomas Dauser Ettore Del Monte Sergio Di Cosimo Sebastian Diebold Victor Doroshenko Michal Dovciak YuanYuan Du Lorenzo Ducci QingMei Fan Yannick Favre Fabio Fuschino JoséLuis Ga'lvez Min Gao MingYu Ge Olivier Gevin Marco Grassi QuanYing Gu YuDong Gu DaWei Han Bin Hong Wei Hu Long Ji ShuMei Jia WeiChun Jiang Thomas Kennedy Ingo Kreykenbohm Irfan Kuvvetli Claudio Labanti Luca Latronico Gang Li MaoShun Li Xian Li Wei Li ZhengWei Li Olivier Limousin HongWei Liu XiaoJing Liu Bo Lu Tao Luo Daniele Macera Piero Malcovati Adrian Martindale Malgorzata Michalska Bin Meng Massimo Minuti Alfredo Morbidini Fabio Muleri Stephane Paltani Emanuele Perinati Antonino Picciotto Claudio Piemonte JinLu Qu Alexandre Rachevski Irina Rashevskaya Jerome Rodriguez Thomas Schanz ZhengXiang Shen LiZhi Sheng JiangBo Song LiMing Song Carmelo Sgro Liang Sun Ying Tan Phil Uttley Bo Wang DianLong Wang GuoFeng Wang Juan Wang LangPing Wang YuSa Wang Anna L.Watts XiangYang Wen Jörn Wilms shaolin xiong JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang Nian Yu WenDa Zhang Gianluigi Zampa Nicola Zampa Andrzej A.Zdziarski AiMei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang Long Zhang Tong Zhang Yi Zhang XiaoLi Zhang ZiLiang Zhang BaoSheng Zhao ShiJie Zheng Yu Peng Zhou Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Eberhard Karls Universität INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali INFN-Roma Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 Department of Engineering Physics and Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University DTU Building 327DK-2800 Kongens Institute of Space Sciences 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya Sezione di Pisa Istituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareLargo Bruno Pontecorvo3 Department of Astronomy University of Genevachemin d’Ecogia 16 Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza Dello Spazio di Bologna Istituto Nazionale di Astofisica Astronomical Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1 CEA Paris-Saclay/IRFU Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering CAST Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Istituto Nazionale di Astofisica Space Research Center Polish Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Advanced Material Microstructure of Education Ministry of China Institute of Precision Optical EngineeringSchool of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji University Department of Physics and Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Universita’degli Studi di Udine Via delle Scienze 206 Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics University of Geneva SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Politecnico di Milano Sezione di Perugia Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Fondazione Bruno Kessler Dr.Karl Remeis-Observatory and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg University of Pavia Department of ElectronicsInformation and Biomedical Engineering and INFN Pavia Sezione di Torino Istituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareVia Pietro Giuria1 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester Sezione di Trieste Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave *** paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment.

关键词： X-ray instrumentation X-ray polarimetry X-ray timing space mission:eXTP

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基于天宫二号POLAR的脉冲星导航实验

中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2017年第9期47卷 116-124页

作者：郑世界葛明玉韩大炜王文彬陈勇卢方军鲍天威柴军营董永伟冯旻子贺健健黄跃孔敏南李汉成李陆李正恒刘江涛刘鑫师昊礼宋黎明孙建超王瑞杰王源浩文星吴伯冰肖华林熊少林许寒晖徐明张娟张来宇张力张晓峰张永杰赵一张双南中国科学院高能物理研究所北京100049 中国科学院粒子天体物理重点实验室北京100049 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心北京100094 中国科学院大学北京100049 都灵理工大学电子与通讯学院

利用天宫二号上的伽玛暴偏振探测仪(POLAR)观测数据完成了X射线脉冲星导航的原理验证.处理并分析了POLAR的观测数据,建立了基于轨道动力学模型和脉冲星脉冲轮廓显著性分析的定轨算法,并利用蟹状星云脉冲星的实测数据开展了单脉冲星的定... 详细信息

利用天宫二号上的伽玛暴偏振探测仪(POLAR)观测数据完成了X射线脉冲星导航的原理验证.处理并分析了POLAR的观测数据,建立了基于轨道动力学模型和脉冲星脉冲轮廓显著性分析的定轨算法,并利用蟹状星云脉冲星的实测数据开展了单脉冲星的定轨分析.结果表明,该方法能够实现对天宫二号轨道的定轨,利用POLAR一个月的在轨观测数据可得到定轨精度如下(99.7%置信度):轨道半长轴精度7.0 m,偏心率精度0.00026,轨道倾角精度0.023°,升交点赤经精度0.17°,近地点幅角及平近地点角精度0.043°.

关键词：脉冲星导航 x射线脉冲星伽玛暴偏振探测仪轨道动力学