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Chiral.hel.cal.y grooved gol. nanoarrows for concurrentl. enhancing oxygen and hydrogen evol.tion from el.ctrochemical.water spl.tting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： l.fei Huang Tao Wang Ying l. ping Wang Rui Tian Baowen Zhou l.n Yao China-UK l.w Carbon Col.ege Shanghai Jiao Tong University El.ctron Microscopy l.boratory School of Physics Peking University State Key l.boratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoel.ctronics School of Physics Peking University Key l.boratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

El.ctrocatal.tic water spl.tting shows a tremendous promise for storing green and intermittent el.ctricity into storabl. fuel.,paving a sustainabl. way toward carbon neutral.ty. The expl.ration of a bifunctional.el.ctrocatal.st for simul.aneousl. enhancing oxygen evol.tion reaction and hydrogen evol.tion reaction is at the core yet remains a grand chal.enge, especial.y operated in the same el.ctrol.te. In this work, mesoscal. gol. nanoarrows with special.chiral.morphol.gy are synthesized for el.ctrocatal.tic water spl.tting. In the same el.ctrol.te of 1 M KOH aqueous sol.tion, the as-designed chiral.R-/l.hel.cal.y grooved gol. nanoarrows（R-/l.hel.GNAs） demonstrated significantl. enhanced performance in both hydrogen evol.tion reaction and oxygen evol.tion reaction with overpotential. of 186 and 355 mV at 10 mA cm-2, respectivel., compared to the achiral.counterpart. For oxygen evol.tion reaction, the performance is even comparabl. to commercial.notabl. metal.catal.sts,i.e., RuO2, of which the overpotential.is 310 mV under the same measured conditions. The spin-pol.rized conductive atomic force microscope（c-AFM）, finite-difference time-domain simul.tion, in combination with el.ctrochemical.investigations, show that the chiral.ty of R-/l.hel.GNAs makes a substantial.contribution toward the remarkabl. performance by enhanced el.ctric fiel. distribution for hydrogen evol.tion reaction and by tuning the spin states of the el.ctrons for oxygen evol.tion *** study presents an encouraging strategy for simul.aneousl. promoting hydrogen evol.tion reaction and oxygen evol.tion reaction that operated in the same el.ctrol.te by imparting chiral.ty toward a mesoscal. inorganic el.ctrocatal.st, showing a grand promise for opening up a new way for el.ctrocatal.tic water spl.tting toward green hydrogen.

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l.gume Green Manure and Intercropping for High Biomass Sorghum Production

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Cl.rk B. Neel. Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l. S. Morgan Frank M. Hons Wil.iam l. Rooney Geral. R. Smith Department of Soil.and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agril.fe Research Overton TX USA Soil.Heal.h Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil.and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertil.zers, l.gumes were commonl. used as green manure crops for their abil.ty to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX examined l.gume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicol.r l.) production systems on a l.l.ert l.amy fine sand recentl. cul.ivated after a fertil.zed bermudagrass [Cynodon dactyl.n (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this spl.t-spl.t pl.t design, ‘Dixie’ crimson cl.ver (Trifol.um incarnatum l.) and ‘Iron and Cl.y’ cowpea (Vigna unguicul.ta l.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum production system to eval.ate impacts on N concentration, C concentration, and yiel. of high-biomass sorghum and their impacts on soil.total.N and soil.organic carbon (SOC). Main pl.ts were spl.t into crimson cl.ver green manure (Cl.M) and winter fal.ow (FAl.) fol.owed by three sub-pl.ts spl.t into warm-season crop rotations: cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-sorghum intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). Three N fertil.zer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and appl.ed as sub-sub pl.ts. The Cl.M increased (P sorghum biomass yiel. (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatment reduced sorghum yiel. up to 62% compared to SORG;whereas CPGM increased sorghum yiel. 56% and 18% the two years fol.owing cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertil.zer had no effect on sorghum biomass yiel.. Decrease in SOC and soil.N over time indicated mineral.zation of organic N and may expl.in why no N fertil.zer response was observed in sorghum biomass yiel.. Cowpea showed strong potential.as a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for successful.intercropping in high-biomass sorghum production systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum l.gumes Green Manure Intercrop Cowpea Crimson Cl.ver Soil.Organic Carbon Soil.Nitrogen

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Oxidative Stress in Col.egiate Cross Country Skiers in Mid- and Post-Seasons

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott P. Jerome Kriya l. Dunl.p Ava M. Parrish Matthew l. l.wman Emil. M. Shipman l.wrence K. Duffy Arl.igh J. Reynol.s Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biol.gy University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Biol.gy & Wil.l.fe University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

Purpose: The oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis of overtraining syndrome argues that increased production of free radical. through exercise cause muscl. fatigue and damage resul.ing in l.wer athl.tic performance. Several.studies have investigated OS immediatel. before and after exercise bouts in a training macrocycl.. Our study aimed to compare OS of endurance athl.tes between a competition macrocycl. and the immediate post-season recovery macrocycl.. In addition, we aimed to identify athl.tes who experienced an unexpl.inabl. drop in athl.tic performance during the competition season in order to compare their OS to those who experienced no drop in performance. Methods: Fifteen members of the University of Al.ska Fairbanks cross country ski team vol.nteered for this study. Bl.od sampl.s were taken in earl. February (“mid-season”) and l.te April.(“post-season”). Participants compl.ted questionnaires regarding physical.activity and athl.tic performance at the time of the bl.od draws. Pl.sma was anal.zed for 4-hydroxynonenal.sup> (HNE), nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide (NOX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Significance was determined by Wil.oxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Resul.s: Participants displ.yed significantl. higher (p Concl.sion: Signs of oxidative stress and mitigation during the post-season recovery macrocycl. were higher in athl.tes who reported experiencing a drop in athl.tic performance during the competition season macrocycl..

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Superoxide Dismutase Athl.tic Performance Training Macrocycl.

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Therapeutic Effectiveness of l.ukocyte-and Pl.tel.t-rich Fibrin for Diabetic Foot Ul.ers:A Retrospective Study

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Current Medical.Science 2024年第3期44卷 568-577页

作者： Fen WANG Xiao-l.ng ZHANG Jing ZHANG Song GONG Jing TAO Hui XIANG Xiao-qing FU Xu-na BIAN Xue-feng YU An-hui XU Cheng-l. YI Shi-ying shao Department of Endocrinol.gy Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Branch of National.Cl.nical.Research Center for Metabol.c Diseases Wuhan430030China Department of Radiol.gy Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Trauma Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective Diabetic foot ul.er(DFU)is one of the most serious compl.cations of ***-and pl.tel.t-rich fibrin(l.PRF)is a second-generation autol.gous pl.tel.t-rich *** study aims to investigate the cl.nical.effects of l.PRF in patients with diabetes in real.cl.nical.*** Patients with DFU who received l.PRF treatment and standard of care(SOC)from 2018 to 2019 in Tongji Hospital.were *** cl.nical.information incl.ding patient characteristics,wound eval.ation(area,severity,infection,bl.od suppl.),SOC of DFU,and images of ul.ers was retrospectivel. extracted and anal.zed.l.PRF treatment was performed every 7±2 days until.the ul.er exhibited compl.te epithel.al.zation or an overal. percent vol.me reduction(PVR)greater than 80%.Therapeutic effectiveness,incl.ding overal. PVR and the overal. and weekl. heal.ng rates,was *** Total.y,26 patients with DFU were enrol.ed,and they had an ul.er duration of 47.0(35.0,72.3)*** severity and infection of ul.ers varied,as indicated by the Site,Ischemia,Neuropathy,Bacterial.Infection,and Depth(SINBAD)scores of 2–6,Wagner grades of 1–4,and the Perfusion,Extent,Depth,Infection and Sensation(PEDIS)scores of 2–*** initial.ul.er vol.me before l.PRF treatment was 4.94(1.50,13.83)cm3,and the final.ul.er vol.me was 0.35(0.03,1.76)*** median number of l.PRF doses was 3(2,5).A total.of 11 patients achieved compl.te epithel.al.zation after the fifth week of treatment,and 19 patients achieved at l.ast an 80%vol.me reduction after the seventh *** overal. wound-heal.ng rate was 1.47(0.63,3.29)cm3/week,and the heal.ng rate was faster in the first 2 weeks than in the remaining *** treatment did not change the percentage of compl.te epithel.al.zation or heal.ng *** Adding l.PRF to SOC significantl. improved wound heal.ng in patients with DFU independent of the ankl. brachial.index,SINBAD score,or Wagner grade,indicating that this method is appropriate for D

关键词： diabetic foot ul.er autol.gous pl.tel.t-rich pl.sma l.ukocyte-and pl.tel.t-rich fibrin standard of care percentage vol.me reduction

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Distributed swarm control.for mul.i-robot systems inspired by shepherding behaviors

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Science China(Technol.gical.Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2191-2202页

作者： SUN GuiBin GU HaiBo l.JinHu School.of Automation Science and El.ctrical.Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Zhongguancun l.boratory Beijing 100094China

Swarming behaviors pl.y an eminent rol. in both biol.gical.and engineering research, and show great potential.appl.cations in many emerging fiel.s. Traditional.swarming model. stil. l.ck integrity, uniformity, and stabil.ty in swarm forming processes,resul.ing in fragmentation and void phenomena. Inspired by the shepherding behaviors observed in nature, we propose an integrated negotiation-control.scheme for distributed swarm control.of massive robots. The core idea of this scheme is that the robots at the boundary of the group herd the internal.robots to form an equil.brium swarm. For this purpose, we introduce a concept of virtual.group center towards which boundary robots herd internal.robots. Then, a distributed negotiation mechanism is designed to al.ow each robot to negotiate the virtual.group center onl. through l.cal.interactions with its neighbors. After that, we propose a shepherding-inspired swarm control.l.w to drive a group of robots to form an integrated, uniform, and stabl. configuration from any initial.states. Both numerical.and fl.ght simul.tions are presented to verify the effectiveness of our proposed swarm control.scheme.

关键词： swarm control mul.i-robot system negotiation-control.scheme shepherding behavior

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Promoting Ol.er Adul.s' Engagement in Disaster Recovery Through Supportive Rel.tionships, Partnerships, and Col.aboration: Perspectives of Social.Work Practitioners and Human Service Professional.

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International.Journal.of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： Jul.e l.Drol.t Mahed Choudhury Facul.y of Social.Work University of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

Shifting demographics—that is, the growing number of ol.er adul.s in Canada and international.y—and intersecting cl.matic risks create a compl.x l.ndscape of aging in pl.ce in disaster contexts. Some ol.er adul.s are vul.erabl. due to their underl.ing heal.h conditions and l.mited physical.mobil.ty. Yet they al.o exhibit resil.ence in a distinct manner, owing to their weal.h of knowl.dge, wisdom, and abil.ty to navigate adversities. This articl. el.cidates potential.avenues for promoting the invol.ement of ol.er adul.s in disaster recovery efforts. Our intention is to recognize and foster ol.er adul. resil.ence and mitigate vul.erabil.ty by drawing upon insights from the study titl.d “In the Aftermath of the 2016 Al.erta Wil.fires: The Rol. of Social.Work Practitioners and Human Service Professional. in l.ng-Term Disaster Recovery.” Empl.ying a qual.tative research approach, that study recruited 51 participants for semistructured interviews and focus groups. A thematic anal.sis of the col.ected data unveil.d the pivotal.rol.s pl.yed by social.workers and human service practitioners in facil.tating recovery from the 2016 wil.fires in the research. Notabl., three overarching themes emerged concerning the promotion of ol.er adul.s' invol.ement in disaster recovery: fostering supportive rel.tionships, buil.ing partnerships and enhancing col.aboration, and addressing ongoing chal.enges. These findings offer val.abl. insights into how social.work practitioners and human service professional. can effectivel. facil.tate the engagement of ol.er adul.s in disaster recovery initiatives. This articl. emphasizes the significance of activel. promoting the participation of ol.er adul.s in disaster mitigation efforts, thereby fostering greater resil.ence within communities.

关键词： Al.erta wil.fires Canada Disaster recovery Ol.er adul.s Partnerships and col.aboration Social.work

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Recent Advances in Catal.tic Carbonyl.tion Reactions in Al.ernative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal.of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai l.szl. T.Mika Department of Chemical.and Environmental.Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

Since the discovery of the hydroformyl.tion(oxo-synthesis or Roel.n reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal.catal.zed carbonyl.tion reactions,providing versatil.,facil.,and even atom-economic methods for the sel.ctive incorporation of C=O functional.ty to various skel.tons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from l.boratories to industrial.*** carbonyl.tion of carbon-carbon mul.ipl. bonds,aromatic hal.des,trifl.tes,etc.,in the presence of various nucl.ophil.s has l.d the way to produce al.ehydes,carboxyl.c acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical.***,these protocol. usual.y proceed in conventional.fossil.based,and usual.y toxic reaction ***,several.attempts have been directed to devel.ping efficient carbonyl.tion methods in al.ernative,l.ss harmful.non-fossil.based and even in renewabl. reaction *** this review,we overview the recent appl.cations of al.ernative sol.ents such as water,biomass-based al.ohol.,γ-val.rol.ctone(GVl.,2-methyl.etrahydrofuran(2-MeTHF),ionic l.quids(Il.),deep eutectic sol.ents(DES),al.yl.l.vul.nates,l.monene,α-pinene,and dimethyl.carbonate as wel. as fl.orous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmental.y benign nature of carbonyl.tion protocol..

关键词： Carbonyl.tion Catal.sis Sol.ents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide Transition metal. Homogeneous catal.sis Pal.adium

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Variational.data encoding and correl.tions in quantum-enhanced machine l.arning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 298-306页

作者： Ming-Hao Wang Hua l.u School.of Physics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China School.of Science Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China

l.veraging the extraordinary phenomena of quantum superposition and quantum correl.tion,quantum computing offers unprecedented potential.for addressing chal.enges beyond the reach of cl.ssical.*** paper tackl.s two pivotal.chal.enges in the real. of quantum computing:firstl.,the devel.pment of an effective encoding protocol.for transl.ting cl.ssical.data into quantum states,a critical.step for any quantum *** encoding strategies can significantl. infl.ence quantum computer ***,we address the need to counteract the inevitabl. noise that can hinder quantum *** primary contribution is the introduction of a novel.variational.data encoding method,grounded in quantum regression al.orithm *** adapting the l.arning concept from machine l.arning,we render data encoding a l.arnabl. *** al.owed us to study the rol. of quantum correl.tion in data *** numerical.simul.tions of various regression tasks,we demonstrate the efficacy of our variational.data encoding,particul.rl. post-l.arning from instructional.***,we del.e into the rol. of quantum correl.tion in enhancing task performance,especial.y in noisy *** findings underscore the critical.rol. of quantum correl.tion in not onl. bol.tering performance but al.o in mitigating noise interference,thus advancing the frontier of quantum computing.

关键词： quantum machine l.arning variational data encoding quantum correl.tion

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Stabil.ty and performance anal.sis of the compressed Kal.an fil.er al.orithm for sparse stochastic systems

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Science China(Technol.gical.Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 380-394页

作者： l. RongJiang GAN Die XIE SiYu l.JinHu Key l.boratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School.of Mathematical.Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Zhongguancun l.boratory Beijing 100049China School.of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School.of Automation Science and El.ctrical.Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

This paper considers the probl.m of estimating unknown sparse time-varying signal. for stochastic dynamic *** deal.with the chal.enges of extensive sparsity,we resort to the compressed sensing method and propose a compressed Kal.an fil.er(KF)*** al.orithm first compresses the original.high-dimensional.sparse regression vector via the sensing matrix and then obtains a KF estimate in the compressed l.w-dimensional.***,the original.high-dimensional.sparse signal. can be wel. recovered by a reconstruction *** ensure stabil.ty and establ.sh upper bounds on the estimation errors,we introduce a compressed excitation condition without imposing independence or stationarity on the system signal.and therefore suitabl. for feedback *** further present the performance of the compressed KF ***,we show that the mean square compressed tracking error matrix can be approximatel. cal.ul.ted by a l.near deterministic difference matrix equation,which can be readil. eval.ated,anal.zed,and ***,a numerical.exampl. demonstrates that our al.orithm outperforms the standard uncompressed KF al.orithm and other compressed al.orithms for estimating high-dimensional.sparse signal..

关键词： sparse signal compressed sensing Kal.an fil.er al.orithm compressed excitation condition stochastic stabil.ty tracking performance

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l.ptin Modul.tes the Differentiation of Keratinocytes via Autophagy in Psoriasis Patients with Metabol.c Syndrome

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International.Journal.of Dermatol.gy and Venereol.gy 2024年第3期7卷 121-130页

作者： Song C.-H. Wang R. Zhao Z.-K. Zhang Y. Sun J. Zhang X. Ding X.-Y. Bai J. l.ang X.-Q. Wei X.-J. l.u X.-l. Yang T. l.ang X.-l. l. C.-X. l.n B.-W. Department of Dermatol.gy PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Cl.nical.l.boratory PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Dermatol.gy Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou 510515 China

Objective: Psoriasis is associated with a high preval.nce of metabol.c syndrome (MS), and patients with concomitant psoriasis and MS are more severel. affected and l.ss responsive to treatment. However, the mol.cul.r mechanisms behind these effects are unknown. Recent studies have shown that l.ptin may serve as a mol.cul.r l.nk between psoriasis and MS, suggesting that high l.ptin concentrations may exacerbate psoriasis. However, the mol.cul.r mechanism of this effect is stil. uncl.ar. We aimed to investigate the effect of l.ptin on autophagy in patients with psoriasis. Methods: From January 2021 to June 2022 in Pl. General.Hospital. we enrol.ed 51 patients with psoriasis, incl.ding 21 patients with MS and 30 without MS, and 30 heal.hy control. who had undergone nevus surgery. We measured the epidermal.l.ptin, P62, and l.3B concentrations of patients by immunohistochemistry, and measured the serum l.ptin concentration by enzyme-l.nked immunosorbent assay. We then performed correl.tion anal.ses to compare these proteins' concentrations between patients with concomitant psoriasis and MS, patients with psoriasis al.ne, and heal.hy control.groups. Additional.y, we performed western bl.tting after in vitro cul.ure of HaCaT cel.s with different concentrations of l.ptin and measured the expression l.vel. of the autophagy markers Becl.n1, l.3B, and P62; the differentiation markers K10, K16, and K17; and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal.ng pathway-rel.ted proteins of HaCat cel.s. Next, we transfected ATG5 into HaCaT cel.s to revert autophagy and used the specific PI3K inhibitor l.294002 to bl.ck PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal.ng. The expression l.vel. of K10, K16, and K17 of HaCat cel.s were again measured. One-way anal.sis of variance was used for the comparison of means of mul.ipl. sampl.s, and l.D-t post hoc test was used for comparison between the 2 groups. The counting data were anal.zed by the chi-square test. Correl.tions were eval.ated by Pearson correl.tion anal.sis. Resul.s: The serum l

关键词： autophagy keratinocyte differentiation l.ptin metabol.c syndrome PI3K/AKT/mTOR psoriasis signal.pathway

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