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A review on plasma-based CO_(2) utilization:process considerations in the development of sustainable chemical production

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 1-16页

作者： Sirui LI Giulia De FELICE Simona EICHKORN Tao shao Fausto GALLUCCI Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5612 AZthe Netherlands Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China

Plasma-based processes,particularly in carbon capture and utilization,hold great potential for addressing environmental challenges and advancing a circular carbon *** significant progress has been made in understanding plasma-induced reactions,plasma-catalyst interactions,and reactor development to enhance energy efficiency and conversion,there remains a notable gap in research concerning overall process *** review emphasizes the critical need for considerations at the process level,including integration and intensification,to facilitate the industrialization of plasma technology for chemical *** centered on the development of plasma-based processes are made with a primary focus on CO_(2) conversion,offering insights to guide future work for the transition of the technology from laboratory scale to industrial *** of current research gaps,especially in upscaling and integrating plasma reactors with other process units,is the key to addressing critical *** review further delves into relevant research in process evaluation and assessment,providing methodological insights and highlighting key factors for comprehensive economic and sustainability ***,recent advancements in novel plasma systems are reviewed,presenting unique advantages and innovative concepts that could reshape the future of process *** review provides essential information for navigating the path forward,ensuring a comprehensive understanding of challenges and opportunities in the development of plasma-based CCU process.

关键词： non-thermal plasma carbon capture and utilization process integration process intensification techno-economic analysis life cycle analysis

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Paleogene transgression process and environmental evolution in the deepwater area of the Baiyun Depression in the northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 15-24页

作者： Peijun Qiao Yuchi Cui Qiong Ma Qiang Yu Lei shao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China CNOOC Energy Technology&Services-Drilling&Production Co. CNOOC Central Laboratory Shenzhen BranchGuangdong 516000China

Multiple borehole samples are collected from the Baiyun Depression in deep-water area of the northern South China Sea(SCS)in an effort to reconstruct transgression processes during the Paleogene based on palynalgal *** study indicates that the Baiyun Depression generated a large group of palynopore assemblages and fluvial/lacustrine-related algae during the early and middle Eocene when the Wenchang Formation was *** entire depression was dominated by fluvial and lacustrine facies before *** eastern and southeastern sags transitioned to shallow marine environment by generating a large abundance of marine dinoflagellates during the Enping deposition of the late ***,the southern uplift zone simply yielded fluvial/lacustrine-related palynopores and algae,and was dominated by the fluvial and lacustrine environment during the early stage of the Enping Formation,prior to shifting into transitional setting in the later *** sags remained extensive fluvial and delta facies without existence of marine *** was until the depositional stage of the Zhuhai Formation(Oligocene)that the overall depression was strongly impacted from transgression *** eastern and southeastern sags were mainly under deep marine setting on a continental slope while northwestern and southern areas developed transitional *** distribution and accumulation patterns varied greatly among sub-sags,the overall Baiyun Depression was characterized by widespread development of marine *** should be noted that the northwestern sag also partly generated large-scale river delta *** to the eustatic rise and change of SCS spreading axis,the overall Baiyun Depression was mostly influenced by the deep marine environment on a continental slope during the early *** northwestern sag and southern uplift zone were found plentiful marine *** summary,transgression initiated from the ea

关键词： South China Sea Paleogene transgression sedimentary environment plant ecology

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Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 58-72页

作者： Rong-Gen Cai Yu-Shi Hao shao-Jiang Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Recently,much attention has been focused on the false vacuum islands that are flooded by an expanding ocean of true-vacuum bubbles slightly later than most of the other parts of the *** delayed decay regions will accumulate locally larger vacuum energy density by staying in the false vacuum longer than those already transited into the true vacuum.A false vacuum island with thus acquired density contrast of a super-horizon size will evolve locally from radiation dominance to vacuum dominance,creating a local baby Universe that can be regarded effectively as a local closed *** such density contrasts of super-horizon sizes can ever grow large enough to exceed the threshold of gravitational collapse,primordial black holes will form similar to those collapsing curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales induced by small-scale enhancements during *** not,such density contrasts can still induce curvature perturbations potentially observable *** this paper,we revisit and elaborate on the generations of primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from delayed-decayed false vacuum islands during asynchronous first-order phase transitions with fitting formulas convenient for future model-independent studies.

关键词： first-order phase transitions primordial black holes curvature perturbations

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Insights on advanced substrates for controllable fabrication of photoanodes toward efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 164-221页

作者： Huilin Hou Gang shao Yang Wang Wai‐Yeung Wong Weiyou Yang Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices Ningbo University of TechnologyNingboChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Conversion of solar energy into H_(2) by photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting is recognized as an ideal way to address the growing energy crisis and environmental *** a typical PEC cell,the construction of photoanodes is crucial to guarantee the high efficiency and stability of PEC reactions,which fundamentally rely on rationally designed semiconductors(as the active materials)and substrates(as the current collectors).In this review work,we start with a brief introduction of the roles of substrates in the PEC ***,we provide a systematic overview of representative strategies for the controlled fabrication of photoanodes on rationally designed substrates,including conductive glass,metal,sapphire,silicon,silicon carbide,and flexible ***,some prospects concerning the challenges and research directions in this area are proposed.

关键词： hydrogen photoanode photoelectrochemical substrates water splitting

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Preparation of PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)/Mt catalyst and study on degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid wastewater by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 286-297页

作者： Binxia Zhao Yijia Gao Tiancheng Hun Xiaoxiao Fan Nan shao Xiaoqian Chen School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China

In this study,the perovskite nanocomposite PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)(Pr(S))was successfully synthesized by the sol-gel method;PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)/Al-pillared montmorillonite(Pr(S)/Mt)catalysts were prepared by impregnation(D)method and solid-melting(G)method,respectively,with Pr(S)as the active component and Al-pillared montmorillonite as the *** catalysts were applied to treat the 2-hydroxybenzoic acid(2-HA)-simulated wastewater by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation(CWPO)technique,and the chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate and the 2-HA degradation rate were used as indicators to evaluate the catalytic *** results of the experiment indicated that the solid-melting method was more conducive to preparing the catalyst when the Co/Fe molar ratio of 7:3 and the optimal structural properties of the catalysts were *** influence of operating parameters,including reaction temperature,catalyst dosage,H_(2)O_(2)dosage,pH,and initial 2-HA concentration,were optimized for the degradation of 2-HA by *** results showed that 97.64%of 2-HA degradation and 75.23%of COD removal rate were achieved under more suitable experimental *** addition,after the catalyst was used five times,the degradation rate of 2-HA could still reach 76.93%,which implied the high stability and reusability of the *** high catalytic activity of the catalyst was due to the doping of Co into PrFeO_(3),which could promote the generation of HO·,and the high stability could be attributed to the loading of Pr(S)onto Al-Mt,which reduced the leaching of reactive *** study of reaction mechanism and kinetics showed that the whole degradation process conformed to the pseudo-firstorder kinetic equation,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood method was applied to demonstrate that catalysis was dominant in the degradation process.

关键词： Montmorillonite Perovskite Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation(CWPO) 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid

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Optimal decision-making method for equipment maintenance to enhance the resilience of power digital twin system under extreme disaster

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第3期7卷 336-346页

作者： Song Gao Wei Wang Jingyi Chen Xinyu Wu Junyan shao Electric Power Scientific Research Institute State Grid Jilin Electric Power CoLtdChangchun132000P.R.China Department of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012P.R.China

Digital twins and the physical assets of electric power systems face the potential risk of data loss and monitoring failures owing to catastrophic events,causing surveillance and energy *** study aims to refine maintenance strategies for the monitoring of an electric power digital twin system post ***,the research delineates the physical electric power system along with its digital counterpart and post-disaster restoration ***,it delves into communication and data processing mechanisms,specifically focusing on central data processing(CDP),communication routers(CRs),and phasor measurement units(PMUs),to re-establish an equipment recovery model based on these data transmission ***,it introduces a mathematical optimization model designed to enhance the digital twin system’s post-disaster monitoring efficacy by employing the branch-and-bound method for its *** efficacy of the proposed model was corroborated by analyzing an IEEE-14 *** findings suggest that the proposed branch-and-bound algorithm significantly augments the observational capabilities of a power system with limited resources,thereby bolstering its stability and emergency response mechanisms.

关键词： Phasor measurement units Through-sequence optimization Resilience enhancement Communication networks Digital twins

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Patterns and drivers of seasonal water sources for artificial sand-fixing plants in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land,Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 63-77页

作者： Yanwu PEI Laiming HUANG Ming'an shao Jiao WANG Yinglong ZHANG Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shenmu Ecological Association Shenmu 719399China

Understanding plant water-use patterns is important for improving water-use efficiency and for sustainable vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions. However, seasonal variations in water sources and their control by different sand-fixing plants in water-limited desert ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen(δ^(2)H) and oxygen(δ^(18)O) in precipitation, soil water, groundwater, and xylem water were determined to document seasonal changes in water uptake by three representative plant species(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., Amygdalus pedunculata Pall., and Salix psammophila) in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land, Northwest China. Based on the depth distribution and temporal variation of measured gravimetric soil water content(SWC), the soil water profile of the three species stands was divided into active(0.01 g g^(-1)45%) layers. Annually, P. sylvestris, A. pedunculata, and S. psammophila obtained most water from deep(59.2%±9.7%, moist layer and groundwater),intermediate(57.4%±9.8%, stable and moist layers), and shallow(54.4%±10.5%, active and stable layers) sources, respectively. Seasonally, the three plant species absorbed more than 60% of their total water uptake from the moist layer and groundwater in the early(June) dry season;then, they switched to the active and stable layers in the rainy season(July–September) for water resources(50.1%–62.5%). In the late(October–November) dry season, P. sylvestris(54.5%–66.2%) and A. pedunculata(52.9%–63.6%) mainly used water from stable and moist layers, whereas S. psammophila(52.6%–70.7%) still extracted water predominantly from active and stable layers. Variations in the soil water profile induced by seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and groundwater levels and discrepancies in plant pheno

关键词： desert ecosystem MixSIAR model plant water uptake soil moisture stable isotopes vegetation restoration water-use efficiency

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Complex transmission matrix retrieval for a highly scattering medium via regional phase differentiation

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 876-883页

作者： QIAOZHI HE RONGJUN shao YUAN Qu LINXIAN LIU CHUNXU DING JIAMIAO YANG School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Marine Equipment Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Automation and Software Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Accurately measuring the complex transmission matrix(CTM) of the scattering medium(SM) holds critical significance for applications in anti-scattering optical imaging, phototherapy, and optical neural networks. Noninterferometric approaches, utilizing phase retrieval algorithms, can robustly extract the CTM from the speckle patterns formed by multiple probing fields traversing the SM. However, in cases where an amplitude-type spatial light modulator is employed for probing field modulation, the absence of phase control frequently results in the convergence towards a local optimum, undermining the measurement accuracy. Here, we propose a high-accuracy CTM retrieval(CTMR) approach based on regional phase differentiation(RPD). It incorporates a sequence of additional phase masks into the probing fields, imposing a priori constraints on the phase retrieval algorithms. By distinguishing the variance of speckle patterns produced by different phase masks, the RPD-CTMR can effectively direct the algorithm towards a solution that closely approximates the CTM of the SM. We built a prototype of a digital micromirror device modulated RPD-CTMR. By accurately measuring the CTM of diffusers, we achieved an enhancement in the peak-to-background ratio of anti-scattering focusing by a factor of 3.6, alongside a reduction in the bit error rate of anti-scattering image transmission by a factor of 24. Our proposed approach aims to facilitate precise modulation of scattered optical fields, thereby fostering advancements in diverse fields including high-resolution microscopy, biomedical optical imaging, and optical communications.

关键词： matrix phase holds

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Hybrid model for BOF oxygen blowing time prediction based on oxygen balance mechanism and deep neural network

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 106-117页

作者： Xin shao Qing Liu Zicheng Xin Jiangshan Zhang Tao Zhou shaoshuai Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center of MES Technology for Iron&Steel Production Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China Laiwu Iron and Steel Group Yinshan Section Steel Co. Ltd.Jinan 271104China

The amount of oxygen blown into the converter is one of the key parameters for the control of the converter blowing process,which directly affects the tap-to-tap time of converter. In this study, a hybrid model based on oxygen balance mechanism (OBM) and deep neural network (DNN) was established for predicting oxygen blowing time in converter. A three-step method was utilized in the hybrid model. First, the oxygen consumption volume was predicted by the OBM model and DNN model, respectively. Second, a more accurate oxygen consumption volume was obtained by integrating the OBM model and DNN model. Finally, the converter oxygen blowing time was calculated according to the oxygen consumption volume and the oxygen supply intensity of each heat. The proposed hybrid model was verified using the actual data collected from an integrated steel plant in China, and compared with multiple linear regression model, OBM model, and neural network model including extreme learning machine, back propagation neural network, and DNN. The test results indicate that the hybrid model with a network structure of 3 hidden layer layers, 32-16-8 neurons per hidden layer, and 0.1 learning rate has the best prediction accuracy and stronger generalization ability compared with other models. The predicted hit ratio of oxygen consumption volume within the error±300 m^(3)is 96.67%;determination coefficient (R^(2)) and root mean square error (RMSE) are0.6984 and 150.03 m^(3), respectively. The oxygen blow time prediction hit ratio within the error±0.6 min is 89.50%;R2and RMSE are0.9486 and 0.3592 min, respectively. As a result, the proposed model can effectively predict the oxygen consumption volume and oxygen blowing time in the converter.

关键词： basic oxygen furnace oxygen consumption oxygen blowing time oxygen balance mechanism deep neural network hybrid model

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Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Microplastics in Snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 69-77页

作者： Hongwei Yu Junrong shao Huawei Jia Diga Gang Baiwen Ma Chengzhi Hu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Changjiang Survey PlanningDesign and Research Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430010China

Microplastics(MPs;<5 mm)have become one of the most prominent global environmental pollution *** can spread to high altitudes through atmospheric transport and can be deposited by rainfall or snowfall,potentially threatening the structure and function of natural *** in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems alter the growth and functional characteristics of ***,little attention has been given to the possible harm associated with MPs deposited in snow,particularly in the context of global climate *** collected from surface snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau,China,were used for quantitative analysis and *** results showed that MPs were easily detected,and the related concentration was approximately(68±10)–(199±22)MPsL1 in snow *** were the most common morphology,the polymer composition was largely varied,and the abundance and composition of MPs were linked to human activity to a great ***-throughput sequencing results showed that the composition and abundance of microorganisms also differed in snow samples from areas with different MP pollution characteristics,indicating a considerable difference in microbial functional *** may have an interference effect on the individual growth and functional expression of microorganisms in *** addition,the results showed that functional living areas(e.g.,landfills and suburban areas)in cities play an important role in the properties of *** instance,the highest abundance of MPs was found in thermal power plants,whereas the abundance of polymers per sample was significantly lower in the suburban *** MP contaminants hidden in snow can alter microbial structure and function and are therefore a potential threat to ecosystem health.

关键词： Human activities Snow Microplastics Microbial community Urban function Environmental effect

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